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Radial propagation of magnetospheric substorm-injected energetic electrons observed using a BD-IES instrument and Van Allen Probes

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第7期59卷 1508-1516页

作者： zong qiugang HAO YiXin ZOU Hong FU SuiYan ZHOU XuZhi REN Jie WANG LingHua YUAN ChongJing LIU ZhiYang JIA XiangHong QUAN Lin LIU Ying WANG YongFu Institute of Space Physics and Applied Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Atcademy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application Chinese Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing 100094China Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology Beijing 100094China

In cases where substorm injections can be observed simultaneously by multiple spacecraft,they can help elucidate the potential mechanisms of particle transport and energization,of great importance to understanding and modeling the *** this paper,using data returned from the BeiDa-IES（BD-IES） instrument onboard a satellite in an inclined（55°） geosynchronous orbit（IGSO）,in combination with two geo-transfer orbiting（GTO） satellite Van Allen Probes（A and B）,we analyze a substorm injection event that occurred on the 16 th of October *** this substorm injection,the IGSO onboard BD-IES was outbound,while both Van Allen Probe satellites（A and B） were inbound,a configuration of multiple trajectories that provides a unique opportunity to simultaneously investigate both the inward and outward radial propagation of substorm *** by AE/AL indices,this substorm was closely related to an IMF/solar wind discontinuity that showed a sharp change in IMF Bz direction to the *** innermost signature of this substorm injection was detected by Van Allen Probes A and B at L-3.7,while the outermost signature was observed by the onboard BD-IES instrument at *** data indicate that the substorm had a global,rather than just local,***,we suggest that electric fields carried by fast-mode compressional waves around the substorm injection are the most likely candidate mechanism for the electron injection signatures observed in the inner- and outermost inner magnetosphere.

关键词： Substonn injection Energetic electrons Energetic particle acceleration Drift Dispersionless injection

Monte Carlo simulations of the sensor head of imaging energetic electron spectrometer onboard a Chinese IGSO navigation satellite

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第7期62卷 1169-1181页

作者： ZOU Hong YE YuGuang zong qiugang CHEN HongFei LUO Lin ZHOU XuZhi CHEN XingRan HAO YiXin REN Jie WANG YongFu SHI WeiHong YU XiangQian JIA XiangHong XU Feng ZHANG XiaoXin Institute of Space Physics and Applied Technology Peking University Beijing 100871 China State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application Chinese Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing 100094 China Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Center for Space Weather Beijing 100081 China

An imaging energetic electron spectrometer built by the Peking University team(BD-IES) onboard a Chinese navigation satellite in an inclined GEO orbit has been launched successfully in September 2015, which measures the spectra of the energetic electrons with the energy range of 50–600 keV in nine directions. In this study, Monte Carlo simulations of the BD-IES sensor head were performed using Geant4 and the corresponding characteristic responses to the isotropic energetic particles were derived. The effective geometric factors were estimated using the typical electron and proton spectra in the GEO orbit and the corresponding simulated sensor head responses. It was found that the average effective geometric factors of nine directions are close to the nominal geometric factors calculated with the traditional method, but the effective geometric factor decreases as the center energy of the energy channel decreases. The BD-IES sensor head also responses to the energetic protons, but the average contamination rate of all 72 channels is about 2%, which means that the proton contamination is acceptable. The spectra of the energetic electrons measured by BD-IES are derived using the effective geometric factors of the sensor head and are comparable with the spectra measured by the magnetic electron ion spectrometer(MagEIS) instrument onboard Van Allen Probes.

关键词： Monte Carlo simulation pin-hole imaging system geometric factor imaging energetic electron spectrometer IGSO satellite

An Introduction to Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Coupling Small Satellite Constellation

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空间科学学报 2015年第6期35卷 653-663页

作者： LIU Yong WANG Chi XU Jiyao LI Xiaoyu CAI Jinrong KONG Linggao HUANG Jia KLECKER Berndt LEI Jiuhou zong qiugang OCTAV Marghitu State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment Department of Geophysics and Planetary SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Institute of Space Physics and Applied Technology School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking University National Institute for Lasers Plasma and Radiation Physics Institute for Space Sciences

A future Chinese mission is introduced to study the coupling between magnetosphere,ionosphere and thermosphere,*** Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Coupling Small Satellite Constellation(MIT).The scientific objective of the mission is to focus on the outflow ions from the ionosphere to the *** constellation is planning to be composed of four small satellites;each small satellite has its own orbit and crosses the polar region at nearly the same time but at different *** payloads onboard include particle detectors,electromagnetic payloads,auroral imagers and neutral atom *** these payloads,the mission will be able to investigate acceleration mechanism of the upflow ions at different *** the orbits have been determined and prototypes of some have also been *** for next phase selection is scheduled in late 2015.

关键词： Coupling Magnetosphere Ionosphere Thermosphere Sma

Pressure gradient evolution in the near-Earth magnetotail at the arrival of BBFs

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第34期59卷 4804-4808页

作者： Zhonghua Yao Zuyin Pu Aimin Du Vassilis Angelopoulos Christopher J.Owen Jiang Liu Xiangning Chu Xin Cao Suiyan Fu qiugang zong Yuan Wang Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Mullard Space Science Laboratory UCL Dorking RH5 6NTUK School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Department of Earth Planetary and Space Sciences and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics University of CaliforniaLos Angeles CA 90095-1567 USA

Using in situ observations from THEMIS A, D and E during the 2008–2011 tail season, we present a statistical study of the evolution of pressure gradients in the near-Earth tail during bursty bulk flow(BBF) *** identified 138 substorm BBFs and 2,197 non-substorm BBFs for this study. We found that both the pressure and the BZcomponent of the magnetic field were enhanced at the arrival of BBFs at the spacecraft locations. We suggest that the increase of BZduring non-substorm BBFs is associated with flux pile-up. However, the much stronger enhancement of BZduring substorm BBFs implies the occurrence of magnetic field dipolarization which is caused by both the flux pile-up process and near-Earth current disruption. Furthermore, a bow-wave-like high pressure appears to be formed at the arrival of substorm BBFs,which is responsible for the formation of region-1-sense FACs. The azimuthal pressure gradient associated with the arrival of substorm BBFs lasts for about 5 min. The enhanced pressure gradient associated with the bow waveis caused by the braking and diversion of the Earthward flow in the inner plasma sheet. The results from this statistical study suggest that the braking and azimuthal diversion of BBFs may commonly create azimuthal pressure gradients, which are related to the formation of the FAC of the substorm current wedge.

关键词：压力梯度地球磁尾亚暴电流楔演进堆积过程等离子体片方位角 FAC

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子午工程二期宽频地磁波监测仪研制

地球与行星物理论评（中英文） 2024年第1期55卷 6-14页

作者：于向前和冬华肖池阶宗秋刚施伟红刘斯陈鸿飞王永福邹鸿北京大学地球与空间科学学院北京100871 北京大学物理学院北京100871 长沙理工大学物理与电子科学学院长沙410114

地球的磁层中存在各种波现象,其频率从mHz延伸到数千Hz.这些波的研究一直是空间物理学研究的核心问题.针对目前世界上地磁台站的波监测设备均为各自测量相对变化、缺乏统一标定、无法进行从高纬到低纬联合观测、无法进行多台设备观测数... 详细信息

地球的磁层中存在各种波现象,其频率从mHz延伸到数千Hz.这些波的研究一直是空间物理学研究的核心问题.针对目前世界上地磁台站的波监测设备均为各自测量相对变化、缺乏统一标定、无法进行从高纬到低纬联合观测、无法进行多台设备观测数据的统一对比研究的现状,本文综合使用磁阻传感器(探测ULF频段:1 mHz~2 Hz)、巨磁感抗传感器(探测ELF频段:0.2 Hz~2 kHz)和线圈传感器(探测VLF频段:0.2 kHz~10 kHz)研制新一代的宽频地磁波监测仪,将这些监测仪放置在120°E子午链附近的黑龙江漠河站(高纬)、北京十三陵站(中纬)、海南乐东站(低纬)等典型区域的地磁台站上,并对各个台站的设备进行统一的时间、振幅和频率标定,结合FY-3E、SMILE等近地空间卫星数据,全面提升对地球磁层的各种波现象的探测能力.研制的宽频地磁波监测仪的性能测试实验表明,其具有对一定频率(1 mHz~10 kHz)的波的探测能力;其幅度探测范围为:±65000 nT(ULF频段)、±1000 nT(ELF频段)、±100 pT(VLF频段);在量程范围内又具有较低的非线性误差:ULF频段≤0.0446%、ELF频段≤0.51%、VLF频段≤1.18%;噪声水平也较低:RMS(方均根)噪声≤0.5554 nT(ULF频段)、NPS(功率谱)噪声≤0.028 nT/√Hz(ELF频段)、NPS(功率谱)噪声≤0.24 pT/√Hz(VLF频段).所有这些特点使得所提出的宽频地磁波监测仪能够满足子午工程二期的波探测需求.

关键词：子午工程二期宽频地磁波监测仪磁阻传感器巨磁感抗传感器线圈传感器

Imaging energetic electron spectrometer onboard a Chinese navigation satellite in the inclined GEO orbit

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2018年第12期61卷 1845-1865页

作者： ZOU Hong YE YuGuang zong qiugang CHEN HongFei ZOU JiQing CHEN Jiang SHI WeiHong YU XiangQian ZHONG WeiYing WANG YongFu ZHOU XuZhi HAO YiXin CHEN XingRan JIA XiangHong XU Feng SHAO SiPei WANG Bo HAO XiaoYun ZHANG XiaoXin Institute of Space Physics and Applied Technology Peking University Beijing 100871 China State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application Chinese Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing 100094 China Shandong Aerospace Electro-technology Yantai 264000 China Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Center for Space Weather Beijing 100081 China

The energetic electron measurement is one of the most important issues to understand dynamics in space physics and the applications for space weather. In this study, the principle and functional components of the imaging energetic electron spectrometer(IES) onboard a Chinese navigation satellite in the inclined GEO orbit(IGSO) was introduced. The IES instrument is developed by the team in Peking University(BeiDa), thus it is named as BD-IES. Based on the pin-hole technique, the instrument can measure 50–600 keV electrons incident from 9 directions over a range of 180° in polar angle. With pulse height analysis(PHA), the spectrum can be determined for each direction. The energy and angular calibrations were performed, which show the good energy and angular characteristics of BD-IES. Monte Carlo simulations show that the anti-proton design of BDIES can effectively decrease the proton contamination on the electron measurements in the inclined GEO orbit. The primary results of BD-IES verify the successful design of this instrument.

关键词： imaging energetic electron spectrometer pin-hole imaging system IGSO satellite

Braking of high-speed flows in the magnetotail:THEMIS joint observations

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第3期59卷 326-334页

作者： Wensai Shang Zhonghua Yao Quanqi Shi Weijie Sun Suiyan Fu Jiang Liu Anmin Tian qiugang zong Zuyin Pu Ting Xiao Vassilis Angelopoulos Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment School of Space Science and PhysicsShandong University School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University IGPP/ESS University of CaliforniaLos Angeles Los Angeles

The motion and deceleration processes of plasma sheet high-speed flows have great significance to magnetospheric particle acceleration,magnetic field perturbation,magnetic flux transport,triggering of substorm,and the current system formation in the *** February to April 2009,two satellites of the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms mission,THA and THE,were often separated largely in Z direction,but had small X and Y *** special configuration allows simultaneous observations of highspeed flows at the center and boundary of the plasma *** on selected case study and statistical analysis,it is found that for about 89%of the events we selected,the probe further away from the neutral sheet observed the high-speed flow earlier than the one close to the center,and the flow is mainly field *** for about 95%events the probe further away from the neutral sheet observed higher X component of the plasma *** the hypothesis that parallel flow keeps the same speed during its earthward propagation while central plasma sheet stream uniformly or suddenly brakes on its way to the earth,we deduced the position where the deceleration begins to be between 13 Re and 17 Re downtail,where thenear-earth reconnection is supposed to *** addition,our statistical results show that dipolarization fronts observed in the central plasma sheet are more prominent than those observed in the plasma sheet boundary layer ahead of the high-speed flow.

关键词：高速制动观测等离子体片磁流减速过程统计分析边界层流等离子体流

Mitigating Deep Dielectric Charging Effects at the Orbits of Jovian Planets

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Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2020年第5期37卷 804-815页

作者： YU Xiangqian SONG Siyu CHEN Hongfei zong qiugang ZOU Hong SHI Weihong CHEN Ao School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871P.R.China

Deep dielectric charging/discharging,caused by high energy electrons,is an important consideration in electronic devices used in space environments because it can lead to spacecraft anomalies and *** Jovian planets,including Saturn,Uranus,Neptune and Jupiter’s moons,are believed to have robust electron radiation belts at relativistic *** particular,Jupiter is thought to have caused at least 42 internal electrostatic discharge events during the Voyager 1 *** the development of deep space exploration,there is an increased focus on the deep dielectric charging effects in the orbits of Jovian *** this paper,GEANT4,a Monte Carlo toolkit,and radiation-induced conductivity(RIC)are used to calculate deep dielectric charging effects for Jovian *** results are compared with the criteria for preventing deep dielectric charging effects in Earth *** findings show that effective criteria used in Earth orbit are not always appropriate for preventing deep dielectric charging effects in Jovian ***,Io,Europa,Saturn(R_S=6),Uranus(L=4.73)and Ganymede missions should have a thicker shield or higher dielectric conductivity,while Neptune(L=7.4)and Callisto missions can have a thinner shield thickness or a lower dielectric ***,dielectrics grounded with double metal layers and thinner dielectrics can also decrease the likelihood of discharges.

关键词： Jovian planets orbits Earth orbits deep dielectric charging effect space radiation

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行星际超低噪声三维能量粒子谱仪设计

地球与行星物理论评（中英文） 2024年第3期55卷 308-316页

作者：于向前王玲华王永福施伟红宗秋刚杨芯王游龙叶雨光陈鸿飞邹鸿北京大学地球与空间科学学院北京100871

太阳系能量粒子的起源和加速一直是空间物理学的重要前沿课题之一.在行星际空间中观测到的太阳系能量粒子主要分为两类:一类是持续存在的“太阳风能量粒子”,另一类是间歇性的“太阳能量粒子事件”.受限于以往行星际粒子探测器的灵敏度... 详细信息

太阳系能量粒子的起源和加速一直是空间物理学的重要前沿课题之一.在行星际空间中观测到的太阳系能量粒子主要分为两类:一类是持续存在的“太阳风能量粒子”,另一类是间歇性的“太阳能量粒子事件”.受限于以往行星际粒子探测器的灵敏度还不足够高,人类迄今仍未洞悉这些能量粒子起源和加速的物理过程与本质.本文设计了技术指标均为国际领先水平的行星际超低噪声三维能量粒子谱仪,采用双端望远镜结构(一端利用薄膜阻挡质子技术实现高灵敏电子探测,另一端利用磁场偏转电子技术实现高灵敏质子探测),结合多层、多像素半导体探测器阵列和覆盖近4π立体角的大视场设计,实现对行星际空间中20~1000 keV电子和25~12000 keV质子的三维分布进行高时间分辨率、高角度分辨率和高能量分辨率探测,用以揭示太阳系能量粒子起源和加速的机理,满足我国行星际探测和即将开展的深空探测的迫切需求.

关键词：太阳系能量粒子行星际能量粒子仪器双端望远镜结构大面积半导体探测器