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Bimodal grain structure formation and strengthening mechanisms in Mg-Mn-Al-Ca extrusion alloys

Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第12期11卷 4407-4419页

作者： Jianyue Zhang Peng Peng Qingshan yang Alan A.Luo Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA School of Metallurgy and Material Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing401331China Department of Integrated Systems Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio 43210USA

The effects of small additions of calcium (0.1%and 0.5%~1) on the dynamic recrystallization behavior and mechanical properties of asextruded Mg-1Mn-0.5Al alloys were investigated.Calcium microalloying led to the formation of Al_(2)Ca in as-cast Mg-1Mn-0.5Al-0.1Ca alloy and both Mg_(2)Ca and Al_(2)Ca phases in Mg-1Mn-0.5Al-0.5Ca alloy.The formed Al_(2)Ca particles were fractured during extrusion process and distributed at grain boundary along extrusion direction (ED).The Mg_(2)Ca phase was dynamically precipitated during extrusion process,hindering dislocation movement and reducing dislocation accumulation in low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) and hindering the transformation of high density of LAGBs into high angle grain boundaries (HAGBs).Therefore,a bimodal structure composed of fine dynamically recrystallized (DRXed) grains and coarse un DRXed regions was formed in Ca-microalloyed Mg-1Mn-0.5Al alloys.The bimodal structure resulted in effective hetero-deformation-induced (HDI) strengthening.Additionally,the fine grains in DRXed regions and the coarse grains in un DRXed regions and the dynamically precipitated Mg_(2)Ca phase significantly enhanced the tensile yield strength from 224 MPa in Mg-1Mn-0.5Al to335 MPa and 352 MPa in Mg-1Mn-0.5Al-0.1Ca and Mg-1Mn-0.5Al-0.5Ca,respectively.Finally,a yield point phenomenon was observed in as-extruded Mg-1Mn-0.5Al-x Ca alloys,more profound with 0.5%Ca addition,which was due to the formation of (■) extension twins in un DRXed regions.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Extrusion Dynamic precipitation Dynamic recrystallization Bimodal grain structure Mechanical properties

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Reliability Assessment for Integrated Power-gas Systems Considering Renewable Energy Uncertainty and Cascading Effects

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第3期9卷 1214-1226页

作者： Yucui Wang Yongbiao yang qingshan Xu School of Cyber Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China and Nanjing Center for Applied MathematicsNanjing 210096China

Integrated power-gas systems(IPGSs)make the power system and natural gas system(NGS)as a whole,and strengthen interdependence between the two systems.Due to bidirectional energy conversion in IPGS,a disturbance may turn into a catastrophic outage.Meanwhile,increasing proportion of renewable energy brings challenges to reliability of IPGS.Moreover,partial failure or degradation of system performance leads IPGS operate at multiple performance levels.Therefore,this paper proposes a reliability assessment model of IPGSs which represents multiple performance of components and considers cascading effects,as well as renewable energy uncertainty.First,a framework of IPGS reliability assessment is proposed:multistate models for main elements in the IPGS are represented.Especially a gas-power-generation calculation operator and a power-to-gas calculation operator are utilized to bi-directionally convert a multi-state model between NGS and power systems.Furthermore,nodal reliability indices for IPGS are given to display impacts of cascading effects and renewable energy uncertainty on reliabilities of IPGSs.Numerical results on IPGS test system demonstrate the proposed methods.

关键词： Cascading effects integrated power-gas systems multi-state model reliability renewable energy uncertainty

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Enhanced mechanical properties of Mg-3Al-1Zn alloy sheets through slope extrusion

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第7期29卷 1343-1350页

作者： Huabao yang Yanfu Chai Bin Jiang Chao He Junjie He Qingshan yang Ming Yuan School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Shaoxing UniversityShaoxing 312000China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite&Functional Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China College of Materials Science and Engineering Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China School of Metallurgy and Material Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China

A novel extrusion approach,entitled slope extrusion(SE),was employed to manufacture AZ31(Mg-3Al-1 Zn,wt%)alloy sheets.The microstructures,textures,and mechanical properties were investigated,compared with those of the AZ31 sheet fabricated by conventional extrusion(CE).Through the combination of finite element simulation and actual experiment,the ultimate results indicated that significant grain refinement(from 9.1 to 7.7 and 5.6μm)and strong basal texture(from 12.6 to 17.6 and 19.5 mrd)were achieved by the SE process.The essence was associated with the additional introduced inclined interface in the process of SE,which could bring about more asymmetric deformation and stronger accumulated strain along the ND when compared with the process of CE.As a consequence,the SE sheets exhibited a higher yield strength(YS)and ultimate tensile strength(UTS)than the counterparts of the CE sheet,which was mainly assigned to the synergistic effects from grain refining and texture strengthening.

关键词： AZ31 Mg alloy sheets slope extrusion microstructure texture strength

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Stability of twins in Mg alloys-A short review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2020年第1期8卷 66-77页

作者： Tingting Liu Qingshan yang Ning Guo Yun Lu Bo Song School of Materials and Energy Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China Graduate School of Science and Engineering Chiba UniversityChiba 263-8522Japan

In this article,the stability of twins,especially{10–12}twins,in Mg alloys was critically reviewed.In the last decade,pre-twinning is considered to be an effective method for adjusting the microstructure and properties of wrought Mg alloys.Especially,formation of twin-texture can remarkably improve formability of rolled Mg alloys.However,the stability of{10–12}twins determines the effect of this method.Previous work revealed that initial{10–12}twins may either grow or shrink under further deformation,and may be removed by static recrystallization under thermal effect.It is considered that improving the stability of twin structure could enhance the contribution of twin-texture on subsequent plastic formability.Based on this background,stress stability and thermal stability of{10–12}twin structure were summarized and reviewed in this article.Finally,a few critical scientific problems in this research field were pointed out.©2020 Published by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Chongqing University.

关键词： Mg alloys Twin structure Stability Texture Recrystallization

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Community Integrated Energy System Trading:A Comprehensive Review

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第6期10卷 1445-1458页

作者： Lu Chen qingshan Xu Yongbiao yang Hui Gao Weixiao Xiong College of Automation&College of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

Focused on life,consumption,and leisure,communities have been regarded as the basic unit of energy use in a city owing to rapid urbanization,whose energy use density continues to increase.Moreover,community integrated energy systems(CIESs)in the rapid development stage have become embedded,small,and self-sufficient energy ecosystems within cities because of their environmental and economic benefits.CIESs face a competitive energy trading environment that comprises numerous entities and complicated relationships.This paper presents an extensive review of various issues related to CIES trading.First,the concepts,types,and resources of CIESs are described.Second,the trading patterns and strategies of CIESs are reviewed from the four perspectives of the trading objects:community-to-peer(C2P),peer-to-peer(P2P),community-to-community(C2C),and community-to-grid(C2G).Third,a tri-layer trading framework and the features of CIESs that participate in combined multienergy markets are proposed.Last,the key issues in CIES trading are summarized.

关键词： Distributed generation community integrated energy system multi-energy market trading pattern

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Temperature effect on the structural strains of an ancient Tibetan building based on long-term monitoring data

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2018年第3期17卷 641-657页

作者： Bai Xiaobin yang Na yang qingshan Beijing Key Laboratory of Structural Wind Engineering and Urban Wind Environment School of Civil EngineeringBeijing Jiaotong University

Many studies have indicated that structural strain will be significantly influenced by temperature variations,and a good understanding of the effect of temperature on structural strain is essential.A structural health monitoring system has been installed in a typical Tibetan timber building to measure the structural strains and ambient temperature since 2012.This paper presents the correlation between temperature and strain data from the monitored structure.A method combining singular spectrum analysis and polynomial regression is proposed for modeling the temperature induced strains in the structure.Singular spectrum analysis is applied to smooth the temperature data,and the correlation between the resulting temperature time series and the measured strains is obtained by polynomial regression.Parameters of the singular spectrum analysis and the regression model are selected to have the least regression error.Results show that the proposed method has both good reproduction and prediction capabilities for temperature induced strains,and that the method is accurate and effective for eliminating the effect of temperature from the measured strain.A standardized Novelty Index based on the residual strain is also used for the condition assessment of the structure.

关键词： temperature effect ancient Tibetan building strain singular spectrum analysis novelty detection

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A Modified Qu EChERS-DART-MS/MS Technique for High-Throughput Detection of Organophosphate Nerve Agent Hydrolysis Products in Environmental Samples

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分析检测(英文) 2023年第2期7卷 163-171页

作者： Gang Qu Bo Chen Shilei Liu Qiaoli Zhang yang yang qingshan Fu College of Material Science and Engineering Sichuan University of Science and EngineeringZigong 643000China State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian Beijing 102205China Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry Research Institute of Chemical DefenceBeijing 102205China

Organophosphate nerve agents(OPNAs)are lethal chemical weapons(CWs)which hydrolyze rapidly to alkyl phosphate compounds in the environment.The identification of alkyl phosphate compounds in the environment is critical for the verification of OPNAs.Currently,due to the complex sample preparation and long detection process for organophosphate nerve agent hydrolysis products(OPNAHPs),their high-throughput determination is difficult.To simplify sample preparation and detection of OPNAHPs from environmental samples,a quick,easy,cheap,effective,rugged and safe(Qu ECh ERS)method for the simultaneous purification of the five OPNAHPs in environmental samples combined with detection through direct analysis in real-time ionization source coupled with tandem mass spectrometer(DART-MS/MS)was developed.An internal standard method was applied for the quantification.The method exhibited a good linearity(R^(2)>0.991)in the range of 1.00 ng/m L-4.00μg/m L.The limits of detection and limits of quantification were 1.00-7.00 ng/m L and 10.0-20.0 ng/m L,respectively.The recoveries of OPNAHPs in environmental samples were between 65.3%and 107%,with relative standard deviations ranged from 1.6%to 19%.In addition,the sample preparation and analysis process for OPNAHPs could be completed in less than 10 min.The results demonstrated that the modified Qu ECh ERS method could quickly and efficiently remove the matrix of environmental samples.Combined with DART-MS/MS,an accurate and high-throughput detection method of OPNAHPs in environmental samples was provided.The developed method has great potential in the fields of early warning,clinical treatment and environmental decontamination.

关键词： OPNAHPs QuEChERS DART-MS/MS Environmental samples

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Demonstration of a diode-pumped dual-wavelength metastable krypton laser

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第6期11卷 223-228页

作者： qingshan Liu Rui Wang Zining yang Jianyong Sun Weiqiang yang Hongyan Wang Xiaojun Xu College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina Nanhu Laser Laboratory National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of High Energy Laser Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangshaChina

Diode-pumped rare gas lasers are potential candidates for high-energy and high-beam quality laser systems.Currently,most investigations are focused on metastable Ar lasers.The Kr system has the unique advantages of higher quantum efficiency and lower discharge requirements for comparison.In this paper,a diode-pumped metastable Kr laser was demonstrated for the first time.Using a repetitively pulsed discharge at a Kr/He pressure of up to approximately1500 Torr,metastable Kr atoms of more than 10^(13)cm^(-3)were generated.Under diode pumping,the laser realized a dual-wavelength output with an average output power of approximately 100 mW and an optical conversion efficiency of approximately 10% with respect to the absorbed pump power.A kinetics study involving population distribution and evolution was conducted to analyze the laser performance.

关键词： diode pump krypton metastable rare gas laser

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The effects of orientation control via tension-compression on microstructural evolution and mechanical behavior of AZ31 Mg alloy sheet

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第2期10卷 446-458页

作者： Qingshan yang Bin Jiang Bo Song Zujian Yu Dewei He Yanfu Chai Jianyue Zhang Fusheng Pan School of Metallurgy and Material Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China School of Materials and Energy Southwest UniversityChongqing400715China MagIC–Magnesium Innovation Centre Helmholtz-Zentrum GeesthachtMax-Planck-Straße 1Geesthacht 21502Germany School of Engineering Technology Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907-2021United States

The grain orientation control via twinning activity on deformation features is of great significance to offer a key insight into understanding the deformation mechanism of Mg alloy sheets.The{10–12}twinning were performed by pre-strain paths,i.e.,tension(6%)and compression(5%)perpendicular to the c-axis along extrusion direction(ED),to investigate the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of AZ31 Mg alloy sheets.The distinction in the texture evolution and strain hardening behavior was illustrated in connection with the pre-strain paths for the activities of twinning and slip.The result shows that the activation of the deformation mode was closely bound up with the grain orientation and the additional applied load direction.The{10–12}twin-texture components with c-axis//ED were generated by precompression,which can provide an appropriate alternative to accommodate the thin sheet thickness strain and enhance the room temperature formability of Mg alloy sheet.

关键词： Mg alloy Orientation control Microstructural evolution Texture Stretch formability

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Influences of fluid physical properties,solid particles,and operating conditions on the hydrodynamics in slurry reactors

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第4期35卷 51-71页

作者： He yang Aqiang Chen Shujun Geng Jingcai Cheng Fei Gao qingshan Huang Chao yang Key Laboratory of Biofuels Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology(QIBEBT)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Qingdao 266101China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy(DNL) Dalian 116023China Synthetic Biology Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province Qingdao 266101China Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China Petrochemical Research Institute China National Petroleum Corporation(CNPC)Beijing 100083China

Slurry reactors are popular in many industrial processes,involved with numerous chemical and biological mixtures,solid particles with different concentrations and properties,and a wide range of operating conditions.These factors can significantly affect the hydrodynamic in the slurry reactors,having remarkable effects on the design,scale-up,and operation of the slurry reactors.This article reviews the influences of fluid physical properties,solid particles,and operating conditions on the hydrodynamics in slurry reactors.Firstly,the influence of fluid properties,including the density and viscosity of the individual liquid and gas phases and the interfacial tension,has been reviewed.Secondly,the solid particle properties(i.e.,concentration,density,size,wettability,and shape)on the hydrodynamics have been discussed in detail,and some vital but often ignored features,especially the influences of particle wettability and shape,as well as the variation of surface tension because of solid concentration alteration,are highlighted in this work.Thirdly,the variations of physical properties of fluids,hydrodynamics,and bubble behavior resulted from the temperature and pressure variations are also summarized,and the indirect influences of pressure on viscosity and surface tension are addressed systematically.Finally,conclusions and perspectives of these notable influences on the design and scale-up of industrial slurry reactors are presented.

关键词： Multiphase reactors Fluid physical properties Particle Operating conditions Bubble column Airlift loop reactor

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