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Enhancing Deep Learning Soil Moisture Forecasting Models by Integrating Physics-based Models

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1326-1341页

作者： Lu li Yongjiu DAI Zhongwang WEI Wei SHANGGUAN Nan WEI Yonggen ZHANG qingliang li Xian-Xiang li School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Guangzhou 510275China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Guangzhou 510275China Institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China College of Computer Science and Technology Changchun Normal UniversityChangchun 130123China

Accurate soil moisture(SM)prediction is critical for understanding hydrological processes.Physics-based(PB)models exhibit large uncertainties in SM predictions arising from uncertain parameterizations and insufficient representation of land-surface processes.In addition to PB models,deep learning(DL)models have been widely used in SM predictions recently.However,few pure DL models have notably high success rates due to lacking physical information.Thus,we developed hybrid models to effectively integrate the outputs of PB models into DL models to improve SM predictions.To this end,we first developed a hybrid model based on the attention mechanism to take advantage of PB models at each forecast time scale(attention model).We further built an ensemble model that combined the advantages of different hybrid schemes(ensemble model).We utilized SM forecasts from the Global Forecast System to enhance the convolutional long short-term memory(ConvLSTM)model for 1–16 days of SM predictions.The performances of the proposed hybrid models were investigated and compared with two existing hybrid models.The results showed that the attention model could leverage benefits of PB models and achieved the best predictability of drought events among the different hybrid models.Moreover,the ensemble model performed best among all hybrid models at all forecast time scales and different soil conditions.It is highlighted that the ensemble model outperformed the pure DL model over 79.5%of in situ stations for 16-day predictions.These findings suggest that our proposed hybrid models can adequately exploit the benefits of PB model outputs to aid DL models in making SM predictions.

关键词： soil moisture forecasting hybrid model deep learning ConvLSTM attention mechanism

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The nature of electron density enhancement over a wide altitude range during ionosphere heating experiments at EISCAT

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 408-414页

作者： Jun Wu Jian Wu Jie Feng qingliang li ShuJi Hao ZhengWen Xu HaiSheng Zhao YaBin Zhang National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environment China Research Institute of Radio Wave PropagationBeijing 102206China School of Physics Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China

During the course of ionospheric heating experiments, researchers at the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association (EISCAT) observed an apparent electron density enhancement. The enhancement extended over a wide range of altitudes, above the reflection altitude of the high-frequency pump wave. However, whether this enhancement actually corresponds to a true enhancement in electron density remains an open question. When the dispersion relation of ion acoustic waves is followed, the frequency ratio of the enhanced ion line to the background ion line suggests that the profile of the effective ion mass may have remained unchanged. Furthermore, the solar radio flux and ion drift velocity indicate no significant changes in the ion species and their densities. In conclusion, the electron density enhancement observed at EISCAT should not, in fact, be considered a true enhancement.

关键词： incoherent scatter radar(ISR) ionospheric heating electron density ion acoustic wave

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The dynamic surface evolution of halide perovskites induced by external energy stimulation

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 185-194页

作者： Feiyu Cheng Pengdong Wang Chenzhe Xu qingliang liao Suicai Zhang Haochun Sun Wenqiang Fan Guodong liu Zhiyun li Yaping Kong li Wang Fangsen li Zhuo Kang Yue Zhang Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Materials and Technologies Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Devices for Post-Moore ChipsMinistry of EducationBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation(Nano-X) Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Tracking the dynamic surface evolution of metal halide perovskite is crucial for understanding the corresponding fundamental principles of photoelectric properties and intrinsic instability. However, due to the volatility elements and soft lattice nature of perovskites, several important dynamic behaviors remain unclear. Here, an ultra-high vacuum（UHV） interconnection system integrated by surface-sensitive probing techniques has been developed to investigate the freshly cleaved surface of CH3NH3PbBr3in situ under given energy stimulation. On this basis, the detailed three-step chemical decomposition pathway of perovskites has been clarified. Meanwhile, the evolution of crystal structure from cubic phase to tetragonal phase on the perovskite surface has been revealed under energy stimulation. Accompanied by chemical composition and crystal structure evolution, electronic structure changes including energy level position,hole effective mass, and Rashba splitting have also been accurately determined. These findings provide a clear perspective on the physical origin of optoelectronic properties and the decomposition mechanism of perovskites.

关键词： metal halide perovskite external energy stimulation surface dynamic evolution surface electronic structure ultra-high vacuum interconnection system

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All‑Covalent Organic Framework Nanofilms Assembled lithium‑Ion Capacitor to Solve the Imbalanced Charge Storage Kinetics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 246-260页

作者： Xiaoyang Xu Jia Zhang Zihao Zhang Guandan Lu Wei Cao Ning Wang Yunmeng Xia qingliang Feng Shanlin Qiao College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050018People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China Hebei Engineering Research Center of Organic Solid Photoelectric Materials for Electronic Information Shijiazhuang 050018People’s Republic of China

Free-standing covalent organic framework(COFs)nanofilms exhibit a remarkable ability to rapidly intercalate/de-intercalate li^(+) in lithium-ion batteries,while simultaneously exposing affluent active sites in supercapacitors.The development of these nanofilms offers a promising solution to address the persistent challenge of imbalanced charge storage kinetics between battery-type anode and capacitor-type cathode in lithium-ion capacitors(liCs).Herein,for the first time,custom-made COFBTMB-TP and COFTAPB-BPY nanofilms are synthesized as the anode and cathode,respectively,for an all-COF nanofilm-structured liC.The COFBTMB-TP nanofilm with strong electronegative–CF3 groups enables tuning the partial electron cloud density for li^(+) migration to ensure the rapid anode kinetic process.The thickness-regulated cathodic COFTAPB-BPY nanofilm can fit the anodic COF nanofilm in the capacity.Due to the aligned 1D channel,2D aromatic skeleton and accessible active sites of COF nanofilms,the whole COFTAPB-BPY//COFBTMB-TP liC demonstrates a high energy density of 318 mWh cm^(−3) at a high-power density of 6 W cm^(−3),excellent rate capability,good cycle stability with the capacity retention rate of 77%after 5000-cycle.The COFTAPB-BPY//COFBTMB-TP liC represents a new benchmark for currently reported film-type liCs and even film-type supercapacitors.After being comprehensively explored via ex situ XPS,7li solid-state NMR analyses,and DFT calculation,it is found that the COFBTMB-TP nanofilm facilitates the reversible conversion of semi-ionic to ionic C–F bonds during lithium storage.COFBTMB-TP exhibits a strong interaction with li^(+) due to the C–F,C=O,and C–N bonds,facilitating li^(+) desolation and absorption from the electrolyte.This work addresses the challenge of imbalanced charge storage kinetics and capacity between the anode and cathode and also pave the way for future miniaturized and wearable liC devices.

关键词： Covalent organic frameworks lithium-ion capacitor Charge storage kinetic

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Analysis of Subcellular Localization and Pathogenicity of Plum Bark Necrosis Stem-Pitting Associated Virus Protein P6

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第7期92卷 2079-2085页

作者： Yuanyuan li Jinze Mu qingliang li Huabing liu Xuefeng Yuan Deya Wang College of life Sciences Zaozhuang UniversityZaozhuang Cherry Virus Disease Rapid Diagnosis and Green Control Technology Innovation CenterZaozhuang277160China College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural UniversityShandong Agricultural Microbiology Key LaboratoryTai’an271018China Yicheng Agricultural and Rural Comprehensive Service Center Zaozhuang277300China

Infection of plum bark necrosis stem pitting associated virus(PBNSPaV)has been reported in many Prunus species in several countries,causing significant economic losses.The very small proteins encoded by plant viruses are often overlooked due to their short sequences and uncertain significance.However,numerous studies have indicated that they might play important roles in the pathogenesis of virus infection.The role of small hydrophobic protein P6,encoded by the open reading frame 2 of PBNSPaV,has not been well explored.In this study,we amplified the P6 fragment from a PBNSPaV isolate by RT-PCR using specific primers and found that it is 174 bp long and encodes a protein of approximately 6.3 kD with a transmembrane domain.Subcellular localization analysis of P6 proteins in tobacco leaves showed that P6 localizes to the cytomembrane and nuclear membrane.To further clarify the pathogenicity of P6 proteins,we constructed a PVX-P6 expression vector by inserting the p6 fragment into a potato virus X(PVX)-based vector and transformed it into Agrobacterium tumefaciens GV3101.Infiltration of Nicotiana benthamiana(N.benthamiana)with the PVX vector-transformed A.tumefaciens led to slight mosaic symptoms at 14 days of post-inoculation.Meanwhile,infiltration with the PVX-P6 vector-transformed A.tumefaciens resulted in no significant symptoms.These results demonstrated that heterologous expression of P6 in N.benthamiana could not enhance the pathogenicity of PVX.Our study indicates that P6 may not be a potential pathogenic factor associate with the causing of symptoms,and the mode of action of PBNSPaV-P6 protein remains to be further studied.

关键词： Plum bark necrosis stem-pitting associated virus P6 protein subcellular localization pathogenicity

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A Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm Based on Multipath Component Trajectory for Millimeter Wave Radio Channels

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China Communications 2022年第11期19卷 99-111页

作者： Fei Du Yu Zhang qingliang li Xinyue Zhang Bo Zhu Zihao Fu Suiyan Geng Xiongwen Zhao State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Hebei Key Laboratory of Power Internet of Things Technology North China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071003HebeiChina National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environment China Research Institute of Radiowave PropagationQingdao 266107China

Time-varying channel modeling plays an important role for many applications in time-variant scenarios,while most clustering algorithms focus on static channels and cannot accurately model the channel time-evolution properties.In this paper,a fuzzy clustering algorithm based on multipath component(MPC)trajectory is proposed.Firstly,both the distance and velocity similarities of the MPCs in different snapshots are taken into account to track the MPC trajectory,in which the fuzzy scheme and a kernel function are used to calculate the distance and velocity similarities,respectively.Secondly,a fuzzy MPC trajectory clustering algorithm is proposed to cluster the MPCs in multiple snapshots.The MPCs in a snapshot are clustered according to the membership,which is defined as the probability that a MPC belongs to different clusters.Finally,time-varying channels at 28 GHz are simulated to validate the performance of our proposed algorithm.The results show that our proposed algorithm is able to accurately identify the clusters in time-varying channels compared with the existing clustering algorithms.

关键词： channel modeling time-varying clustering multiple path component MPC trajectory 6G

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乳腺癌肝转移外科治疗进展

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中国普通外科杂志 2024年第5期33卷 683-696页

作者：江庆良李恒宇中国人民解放军海军军医大学第三附属医院(东方肝胆外科医院)肝胆外科上海200438 中国人民解放军海军军医大学第一附属医院(长海医院)甲乳外科上海200433

乳腺癌是全球女性最常见的恶性肿瘤,其中肝转移是导致高病死率的主要原因。随着外科技术的进步,特别是腹腔镜手术和微创技术的发展,外科治疗已成为乳腺癌肝转移(BCLM)综合治疗策略中的重要组成部分。但通过对国内外研究成果进行纵向和... 详细信息

乳腺癌是全球女性最常见的恶性肿瘤,其中肝转移是导致高病死率的主要原因。随着外科技术的进步,特别是腹腔镜手术和微创技术的发展,外科治疗已成为乳腺癌肝转移(BCLM)综合治疗策略中的重要组成部分。但通过对国内外研究成果进行纵向和横向比较分析发现,不同地区在BCLM外科治疗实践中存在差异。国际上的研究多聚焦于技术创新和治疗效果的提升,而国内研究则更侧重于手术方法的优化、新兴治疗技术的探索,以及中西医结合治疗的可能性。这些研究的差异反映了不同地区在医疗资源、技术水平和治疗理念上的多样性。既往BCLM的外科治疗研究主要依赖于回顾性分析,这些研究往往质量参差不齐,加之研究结果间的显著差异,其可信度遭受限制。鉴于此,近年来国际与国内的研究领域已开始积极转向实施前瞻性研究,这一变革象征着BCLM外科治疗研究正朝着更高的质量标准和更广泛的影响力发展。我国在这一领域的研究规模仍显不足,亟需扩大研究范围并与国际研究水平同步,以确保获得更加可靠和具有代表性的研究成果。未来,研究焦点应集中在深入理解BCLM的生物学机制,进一步开展液体活检、分子分型和基因检测等技术的应用,为BCLM患者提供更精准的个性化治疗方案。此外,提高手术精准度和安全性以及通过网络和远程医疗提升手术治疗的可获得性,是未来发展的关键方向。尽管BCLM外科治疗面临诸多挑战,但随着科技进步和多学科合作的深入,外科治疗有望为BCLM患者带来更好的生存率和生活质量。未来研究需要继续探索新的治疗方法,以进一步提高BCLM患者的治疗效果和预后。

关键词：乳腺肿瘤肿瘤转移肝外科手术

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HiFAST:An HIdata calibration and imaging pipeline for FAST

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 182-199页

作者： Yingjie Jing Jie Wang Chen Xu Ziming liu Qingze Chen Tiantian liang Jinlong Xu Yixian Cao Jing Wang Huijie Hu Chuan-Peng Zhang Qi Guo liang Gao Mei Ai Hengqian Gan Xuyang Gao Jinlin Han ligang Hou Zhipeng Hou Peng Jiang Xu Kong Fujia li Zerui liu li Shao Hengxing Pan Jun Pan Lei Qian Jinghai Sun Ningyu Tang qingliang Yang Bo Zhang Zhiyu Zhang Ming Zhu National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 02206China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Guizhou Radio Astronomical Observatory Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 55000China Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Garching 85748Germany Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Computational Cosmology Department of PhysicsUniversity of DurhamDurham DHI 3LEUK CAS Key Laboratory of FAST National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Deep Space Exploration Laboratory/Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Astrophysics Department of PhysicsUniversity of OxfordOxford OX/3RHUK College of Earth Sciences Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004China Department of Physics Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241002China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics Nanjing UniversityNanjing 20023China

The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST)has the largest aperture and a 19-beam L-band receiver,making it powerful for investigating the neutral hydrogen atomic gas(HI)in the universe.We present HiFAST(https://hifast.***.io),a dedicated,modular,and self-contained calibration and imaging pipeline for processing the H?data of FAST.The pipeline consists of frequency-dependent noise diode calibration,baseline fitting,standing wave removal using an FFT-based method,flux density calibration,stray radiation correction,and gridding to produce data cubes.These modules can be combined as needed to process the data from most FAST observation modes:tracking,drift scanning,On-The-Fly mapping,and most of their variants.With HiFAST,the root-mean-square(RMS)noises of the calibrated spectra from all 19 beams were only slightly(~5%)higher than the theoretical expectation.The results for the extended source M33 and the point sources are consistent with the results from Arecibo.The moment maps(0,1 and 2)of M33 agree well with the results from the Arecibo Galaxy Environment Survey(AGES)with a fractional difference of less than 10%.For a common sample of 221 sources with signal-to-noise ratio S/N>10 from the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA(ALFALFA)survey,the mean value of fractional difference in the integrated flux density,Sint,between the two datasets is approximately 0.005%,with a dispersion of 15.4%.Further checks on the integrated flux density of 23 sources with seven observations indicate that the variance in the flux density of the source with luminous objects(Sint>2.5 Jy km s-1)is less than 5%.Our tests suggest that the FAST telescope,with the efficient,precise,and user-friendly pipeline HiFAST,will yield numerous significant scientific findings in the investigation of the H?in the universe.

关键词： fractional luminous correction

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Unfolded protein response activation compensates endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation deficiency in Arabidopsis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第7期59卷 506-521页

作者： qingliang li Hai Wei lijing liu Xiaoyuan Yang Xiansheng Zhang Qi Xie State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics National Center for Plant Gene Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Life Sciences Shandong Agricultural University

Abiotic stresses often disrupt protein folding and induce endoplasmic reticulum （ER） stress. There is a sophisticated ER quality control （ERQC） system to mitigate the effects of malfunctioning proteins and maintain ER homeostasis. The accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER activates the unfolded protein response （UPR） to enhance ER protein folding and the degradation of misfolded proteins mediate by ER- associated degradation （ERAD）. That ERQC reduces abiotic stress damage has been well studied in mammals and yeast. However, in plants, both ERAD and UPR have been studied separately and found to be critical for plant abiotic stress tolerance. In this study, we discovered that UPR-associated transcription factors AtbZlP17, AtbZIP28 and AtbZIP60 responded to tunicamycin （TM） and NaCl induced ER stress and subsequently enhanced Arabidopsis thaliana abiotic stress tolerance. They regulated the expression level of ER chaperones and the HRD1-complex components. Moreover, overexpression of AtbZIP17, AtbZIP28 and AtbZIP60 could restore stress tolerance via ERAD in the HRD1-complex mutant hrd3a-2, which suggested that UPR and ERAD have an interactive mechanism in Arabidopsts.

关键词： ZIP ERAD HRD in of UPR

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Genotype analysis of rotaviruses isolated from children during a phase III clinical trial with the hexavalent rotavirus vaccine in China

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Virologica Sinica 2023年第6期38卷 889-899页

作者： Wenqi Zou Qingchuan Yu Yan liu qingliang li Hong Chen Jiamei Gao Chen Shi Ying Wang Wei Chen Xuan Bai Biao Yang Jiuwei Zhang Ben Dong Bo Ruan liuyifan Zhou Gelin Xu Zhongyu Hu Xiaoming Yang National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co.LtdWuhan430207China National Institutes for Food and Drug Control Beijing100050China China National Biotec Group Beijing100024China

The oral hexavalent live human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine(RV6)developed by Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co.,Ltd(WIBP)has finished a randomized,placebo-controlled phase III clinical trial in four provinces of China in 2021.The trail demonstrated that RV6 has a high vaccine efficacy against the prevalent strains and is safe for use in infants.During the phase III clinical trial(2019–2021),200 rotavirus-positive fecal samples from children with RV gastroenteritis(RVGE)were further studied.Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and high-throughput sequencing,VP7 and VP4 sequences were obtained and their genetic characteristics,as well as the differences in antigenic epitopes of VP7,were analyzed in detail.Seven rotavirus genotypes were identified.The predominant rotavirus genotype was G9P[8](77.0%),followed by prevalent strains G8P[8](8.0%),G3P[8](3.5%),G3P[9](1.5%),G1P[8](1.0%),G2P[4](1.0%),and G4P[6](1.0%).The amino acid sequence identities of G1,G2,G3,G4,G8,and G9 genotypes of isolates compared to the vaccine strains were 98.8%,98.2%–99.7%,88.4%–99.4%,98.2%,94.2%–100%,and 93.9%–100%,respectively.Notably,the vaccine strains exhibited high similarity in amino acid sequence,with only minor differences in antigenic epitopes compared to the Chinese endemic strains.This supports the potential application of the vaccine in preventing diseases caused by rotaviruses.

关键词： Rotavirus(RV) Hexavalent rotavirus vaccine Epidemiology Sequence analysis

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