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Characteristics and Sources of Organic Matter from the Early Cambrian Niutitang Formtion and Its Preservation Environment in Guizhou

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第4期33卷 933-944页

作者： Hong Wei qinglai feng Jianxin Yu Shan Chang State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Hubei Normal UniversityHuangshi 435002China

The Early Cambrian Niutitang Formation on the Yangtze Block is a set of high-quality marine source ***,hydrocarbon-forming organisms of these organic-rich shales was poorly *** this paper,the results of palynofacies analysis and hydrocarbon-forming organism characteristics of the Niutitang Formation from the Yangtze Block are reported for the first time,and the sedimentary environment is discussed in combination with geochemical *** analysis show that the organic matter(OM)of the Niutitang Formation is mainly composed of amorphous organic matter(AOM),with a small amount of structural organic matter(STOM)and palynomorphs(PL).The results of CONISS(stratigraphically constrained incremental sum of squares)cluster analysis show that the PL can be divided into three zones in the ascending order:Leiosphaeridia-Micrhystridiumfungal zone,algal bloom zone and fungal development zone,corresponding to three stages:transgression,high-stand and regression,*** principal component analysis(PCA)shows that the main hydrocarbon-forming organisms include planktonic green microalgae or dinoflagellates that are related to Leiosphaeridia and *** analysis and geochemical data show that the Niutitang Formation was deposited under anoxic or dysoxic condition which was favorable to the enrichment of organic matter.

关键词： organic matter palynofacies hydrocarbon-forming organisms sedimentary environment Niutitang Formation Yangtze Block

Source rock potential assessment of the Huai Hin Lat Formation,Sap Phlu Basin, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, northeastern Thailand

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Acta Geochimica 2023年第1期42卷 38-49页

作者： Boonnarong Arsairai qinglai feng Chongpan Chonglakmani Sakchai Glumglomjit School of Geotechnology Institute of EngineeringSuranaree University of TechnologyMuangNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The Huai Hin Lat Formation has a high-potential resource, and the Ban Nong Sai part was researched and sampled. To achieve this goal, petrographic analysis(kerogen types), geochemical analysis(total organic carbon content, TOC), vitrinite reflectance(Ro), and Rock–Eval(RE) pyrolysis were carried out in this study. According to the findings, types Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ were identified using a modified Van-Krevelen diagram because the higher mature source rock showing hydrogen index(HI) and oxygen index(OI) are continuously depleted and raised. However,microscopic observation describes macerals as primarily sapropelic amorphinite, therefore, type I is important. The TOC was determined to be between 1.90% and 7.06%,which is considered very good to excellent. The original total organic carbon(TOCo) was decided to use its maceral components to determine how to convert extremely mature TOC to TOCo. It varies between 5.13% and 10.74% and reaches a maximum of 57.21% which is comparable to TOC. At 0.82%–1.04%, 443–451 ℃, 0.50%–38.10%, and69.00%–99.59% are the vitrinite reflectance(Ro), maximum temperature(Tmax), production index(PI), and transformation ratio(TR), respectively. Late peak maturity refers to a mixture of oil and gas, whereas most TR ratios refer to the main gas phase. Similarly, the petroleum residual shows no indication of gas trapped at a volume of6309.50 mcf/ac-ft. In summary, source rock potential was assessed within a suitable risk range defined by Tmax(445.70 ℃), Ro(0.91%), TR(90.63%), TOC(8.15%),shale thickness(46 m), and kerogen type(type I).

关键词： TOC Shale gas Maturity Geochemistry Kerogen type Pyrolysis

High-resolution cyclostratigraphy of geochemical records from Permo-Triassic boundary section of Dongpan,southwestern Guangxi,South China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第2期51卷 187-193页

作者： PENG XingFang feng qinglai Li ZhouBo MENG YouYan MOE Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Faculty of Mathematics and Physics China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Guangxi Geological Survey Research Institute Nanning 530031China

Spectral analysis is applied to geochemical data from a deep-water Permian-Triassic Boundary (PTB) section across PTB in Dongpan, Guangxi for high-resolution cyclostratigraphic research. The characteristics of the Milankovitch Cycles have been well recorded in the strata of the Dongpan section. Spectrum on Ce/La records shows especially that the ratios among its three preponderant cycles in the section are 5:2:1, which well displays the phenomenon of the sedimentary cycles driven by orbital force. The Milankovitch theory is further confirmed by the Paleozoic records.

关键词： spectral analysis P/T boundary geochemistry cyclostratigraphy Guangxi

Geochemistry of Radiolarian Cherts from a Late Devonian Continental Margin Basin,Loei Fold Belt,Indo-China Terrane

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Journal of Earth Science 2017年第1期28卷 29-50页

作者： Hathaithip Thassanapak Mongkol Udchachon Clive Burrett qinglai feng Applied Paleontology and Biostratigraphy Research Unit Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceMahasarakham University Paleontological Research and Education Center Mahasarakham University School of Physical Sciences University of Tasmania State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences

More than 42 species of well-preserved Upper Devonian radiolarians have been obtained from cherts and siliceous shales in four sections(Chom Noi, Phu Kham Phe(P), Phu Kham Phe(C) and Pha Samyod) from the NE Thailand sector of the Loei fold belt, Indochina terrane. They include Ceratoikiscum sp. cf. planistellare Foreman, Helenifore laticlavium Nazarov & Ormiston, Astroentactinia sp. cf. paronae(Hinde), Stigmosphaerostylus herculea(Foreman), S. pusilla(Hinde), S. cf. vulgaris(Won), Trilonche davidi(Hinde), T. echinata(Hinde), T. elegans Hinde, T. hindea(Hinde), T. palimbola(Foreman), T. vetusta Hinde, Polyentactinia polygonia Foreman, Spongentactinella sp. cf. windjanensis Nazarov, Archocyrtium sp.?, Palaeoscenidium sp., Triaenosphaera sp., and others. Radiolarian faunas from these sections indicate a range from lower Frasnian to Famennian. Analyses of rare earth, trace and major elements suggest that the Upper Devonian chert and siliceous successions from Loei were deposited in a continental margin environment near to a volcanic arc. These successions contain distinctive weak negative Ce anomalies with strong positive Eu anomalies which differ from Upper Devonian cherts reported from northern Thailand, the Truong Son fold belt(Laos) and from South China. Negative Ce anomalies and low to moderate Lan/Cen ratios imply proximity between the Chom Noi and Phu Kham Phe(C), which were deposited in more distal parts of the depositional basin than the Pha Samyod and Phu Kham Phe(P) samples. Most of the Pha Samyod and Phu Kham Phe(P) samples exhibit high continental-derived trace element levels including Cr, Zr, Hf, Rb, Th and in part V, which supports close proximity to terrigenous sources. Paleozoic stratigraphic sequences of the Loei fold belt and geochemical results suggest that the Upper Devonian deep marine sequences in the Loei fold belt were deposited within a rifted, continental-margin basin, possibly a back-arc basin and not in a large oceanic basin as has been prev

关键词： radiolarians paleogeography paleoenvironments REE trace elements tectonics

Paleoproductivity and Paleoredox Condition of the Huai Hin Lat Formation in Northeastern Thailand

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第3期27卷 350-364页

作者： Boonnarong Arsairai Akkhapun Wannakomol qinglai feng Chongpan Chonglakmani School of Geotechnology Institute of Engineering Suranaree University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences

The petroleum exploration has been conducted in the Khorat Plateau since 1962 and two gas fields have been discovered and commercially produced. The lacustrine facies of the Huai Hin Lat Formation is believed to be one of the main source rocks of the gas. Therefore, investigation and analysis of the Huai Hin Lat shale for understanding the paleoenvironment and petroleum source rock are carried out in this study. Petrographical study and geochemical analysis of shale samples were performed to explain the paleoproductivity and past redox condition. The palynofacies assemblage comprises abundant AOM, acritarchs, phytoclasts, and very small amount of spores and pollen. Geochemical analysis was used to determine the total organic carbon（TOC） and the concentration of major, trace, and rare earth elements. The paleoproductivity proxies are composed of palynofacies, TOC, excess SiO2, Ba/Al, and P/Al. They reflect a high paleoproductivity except the middle of the lower part（bed 3） and the lower bed 13 of the upper part. Bed 3 shows the highest peak of TOC and the lower bed 13 exhibits a relatively lower TOC, which can be explained by the excellent and the poorer preservation condition, respectively. The paleoredox proxies consist of U/Th, V/Cr, Ni Co,（Cu＋Mo）/Zn, Ni/V, and Ce anomaly. They are used to establish the depositional environments, to characterize the organic matter content, and to assess the source rock potential. They reflect many high peaks and predominantly high values of paleoredox proxies except the middle part and the lower bed（lower bed 13） of the upper part. They indicate that the section was mainly under anoxic or reducing condition, which is supported by the high Ce/Ce＊（〉0.8） and V/Cr（〉2.0） values. The middle of the lower part（bed 3） shows lower productivity but it contains the highest peak of TOC, which is conformed to be the excellent preservation of organic matters in the strong reducing condition. The middle part, which shows high productivity, contai

关键词： fluvio-lacustrine facies Sap Phlu Basin primary productivity TOC acritarchs organic carbon preservation reducing condition anoxic environment

Middle Triassic Radiolarians from Cherts/Siliceous Shales in an Extensional Basin in the Sukhothai Fold Belt,Northern Thailand

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Journal of Earth Science 2017年第1期28卷 9-28页

作者： Hathaithip Thassanapak Mongkol Udchachon qinglai feng Clive Burrett Applied Paleontology and Biostratigraphy Research Unit Department of Biology Faculty of Science Mahasarakham University Mahasarakham 44150 Thailand State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Paleontological Research and Education Center Mahasarakham University Mahasarakham 44150 Thailand School of Physical Sciences University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania 7001 Australia

More than thirty species of radiolarians are described from maroon chert and siliceous shales from the Den Chai and Santisuk sections in the east of the Sukhothai fold belt. The fauna obtained from Den Chai comprises Muelleritortis cochleata cochleata, M. cochleata tumidospina, M. expansa, Triassocampe deweveri, T. coronata, T. scalaris, Annulotriassocampe companilis, A. multisegmantatus, A. sulovensis, Pseudostylosphaera coccostyla coccostyla, P. imperspicua, Canoptum inornatus, C. levis, Corum kraineri, Spongoserrula rarauana, Orbiculiforma karnica and others. The assemblage may be correlated with those reported in the Fang-Chiang Dao and Lumphun areas in the north of Thailand and in the ChangningMenglian belt of western Yunnan, South China and suggests a late Ladinian（Middle Triassic） age. The radiolarian fauna from the Santisuk Section comprises Muelleritortis cochleata cochleata, M. sp., Striatotrissocampe nodosoannulata, Triassocampe. deweveri, T. sp., Pseudogodia？ sp., Pseudostylosphaera coccostyla coccostyla, Archaeocenosphera sp., Annulotriassocampe multisegmantis, Pseudostylosphaera sp., and others which indicates a late Ladinian age. Middle Triassic radiolarian chert and siliceous shale from Den Chai and Santisuk are interpreted as having been deposited in an extensional continental margin within the Sukhothai fold belt and not in the Devonian–Permian back-arc basin of the Nan suture. These deep marine sequences were deposited in a subsiding continental margin in the Lampang-Phrae Basin. We consider these sequences to be part of the Hong Hoi Formation（Anisian–Ladinian） of the Lampang Group which, in turn, may be compared to the Choushui Formation and other associated Middle Triassic formations in the Simao Basin of South China.

关键词： Triassic radiolarians Sukhothai fold belt Nan suture Thailand.

Upper Darriwilian(Middle Ordovician) Radiolarians and Ostracods from the Hulo Formation, Zhejiang Provicnce, South China

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Journal of Earth Science 2018年第4期29卷 886-899页

作者： Yuhao Yi Aihua Yuan Jonathan C Aitchison qinglai feng School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Queensland

Considerable research has been done on the Ordovician marine fossils from South China, including macrofossils such as brachiopods, graptolites, bivalves, trilobites, some microfossils like conodonts and acritarches. However, radiolarians and ostracods that are also important consti- tuents of the Ordovician marine ecosystem have been paid little attention in this region. In this study, ten radiolarians species belonging to four genera and sixteen ostracods species grouped into nine genera were found from the Hulo Formation at the Hengdu Section of the Jiangshan District, west- ern Zhejiang Province, South China. The fossil-bearing strata belong to the graptolite Pterograptus elegans Zone which indicates the Late Darriwilian Age. This radiolarian fauna is the first record of the Middle Ordovician radiolarian body fossils and also the earliest Ordovician radiolarian fauna reported from South China. The occurrence of Beothuka in this fauna extends the stratigraphic range of the genus to the Upper Darriwilian. Reviews of previous literatures suggest that the diversity of Beothuka was greater during the Early Ordovician, and then declined gradually from the Early Ordovician to the Middle Ordovician before its extinction. The co-occurring ostracod fauna belongs to a shallow-water ecotype. This is contrary to the host lithofacies of the ostracod fauna which represent a deep-water environment. Therefore, these ostacods may have been transported from the shallow-water environment, most likely from the Yangtze carbonate platform. If this conjecture is the truth, then the Jiangshan District was near the shallow-water carbonate platform and received its sediments during the Darriwilian. It is still essential to do more work in the future to better understand the ecology of the Ordovician ostracod fanuas and their role in the sedimentary system of South China.

关键词： radiolarians ostracods ecotype Ordovician Hengdu Section South China.

Geochemical characteristics of the oceanic islandtype volcanic rocks in the Chiang Mai zone,northern Thailand

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2009年第3期28卷 258-263页

作者： SHEN Shangyue feng qinglai ZHANG Zhibin CHONGPAN Chonglakmani China University ofGeosciences Wuhan 430074 China Institute of Regional Geology Yunnan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Yuxi 653100 China Suranaree University of Technology Thailand

The oceanic island volcanic rocks in the Chiang Mai zone, northern Thailand, are usually covered by Lower Carboniferous and Upper Permian shallow-water carbonate rocks, with the Hawaii rocks and potash trachybasalt being the main rock types. The alkaline series is dominant with sub-alkaline series occurring in few cases. The geochemical characteristics are described as follows: the major chemical compositions are characterized by high TiO2, high P2O5 and medium K2O; the rare-earth elements are characterized by right-inclined strong LREE-enrichment patterns; the trace element patterns are of the upward-bulging K-Ti enrichment type; multi-component plots falling within the fields of oceanic island basalts and alkali basalts, belonging to the oceanic island-type volcanic rocks, which are similar to the equivalents in Deqin and Gengma (the Changning-Menglian zone) of Yunnan Province, China.

关键词：洋岛玄武岩地球化学特征火山岩区泰国稀土元素特征碱性玄武岩岩石类型二氧化钛

Timing of the terrestrial Permian-Triassic boundary biotic crisis:Implications from U-Pb dating of authigenic zircons

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第11期51卷 1633-1645页

作者： YU JianXin LI HuiMin ZHANG SuXin YANG fengQing feng qinglai Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology of Ministry of Education China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Tianjin Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Tianjin 300170China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The Late Permian to Early Triassic transition represents one of the most important Phanerozoic mass extinction episodes. The cause of this event is still in debate between catastrophic and gradual mechanisms. This study uses the U-Pb method on zircons from the uppermost Permian/lowermost Triassic clay deposits at Chahe (Guizhou Province, SW China) to examine time constraints for this event. The results of both this and previous studies show that the ages of Bed 68a and 68c (the upper clay bed of the terrestrial Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB)) respectively are 252.6±2.8 and 247.5±2.8 Ma. This age (within the margin of error) almost accords with the upper clay bed (Bed 28) age of Meishan and the eruption age of Tunguss Basalt, and is so far the most accurate age obtained from terrestrial PTB. The claystone of Bed 68 was formed in the earliest Triassic. The biotic crisis occurred at nearly the same time in terrestrial and marine environments during Permian-Triassic interval; however the extinction patterns and processes are different. The extinction pattern of the terrestrial plants shows a major decline at the PTB after long-term evolution, followed by a retarded extinction of the relicts in the earliest Triassic.

关键词： terrestrial Permian-Triassic boundary floral extinction pattern U-Pb age zircons