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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 786-796页

作者： Zhengqin Gan qinglai feng Yuehua Wei Guichun Liu Xiaomei Nie Tianyu Zhao State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China School of Earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The Changning-Menglian suture zone is a critical tectonic belt pivotal to the evolution of the Paleo-Tethys.The Wenquan Formation,characterized as turbidite deposited on the western side of the Changning-Menglian suture zone as well as the eastern edge of the Baoshan Block.Analysis of detrital zircons from the Wenquan Formation reveals two significant age peaks approximately at 440 and 980 Ma,with additional age populations around 600,780,and 2500 Ma.The major age peak at about 440 Ma is come from the andesitic-dominant volcanic arc within the Lancang Block and the western Simao Block,corroborated by the presence of andesite fragments in thin section studies.Meanwhile,the zircons that form the secondary age peak at~980 Ma and other older age groups probably originate from the Baoshan Block.Deposited on the western side of the Paleo-Tethyan ophiolites,the Wenquan Formation received detrital materials from the continental margin on the opposite side.Thus,the main Paleo-Tethyan Ocean basin was not sufficiently broad enough to cut off the transference of detrital materials.It was a relatively narrow basin in the Early Devonian.

关键词： Changning-Menglian suture zone sandstone zircon Paleo-Tethys Devonian tectonics.

Source rock potential assessment of the Huai Hin Lat Formation,Sap Phlu Basin, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, northeastern Thailand

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Acta Geochimica 2023年第1期42卷 38-49页

作者： Boonnarong Arsairai qinglai feng Chongpan Chonglakmani Sakchai Glumglomjit School of Geotechnology Institute of EngineeringSuranaree University of TechnologyMuangNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The Huai Hin Lat Formation has a high-potential resource, and the Ban Nong Sai part was researched and sampled. To achieve this goal, petrographic analysis(kerogen types), geochemical analysis(total organic carbon content, TOC), vitrinite reflectance(Ro), and Rock–Eval(RE) pyrolysis were carried out in this study. According to the findings, types Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ were identified using a modified Van-Krevelen diagram because the higher mature source rock showing hydrogen index(HI) and oxygen index(OI) are continuously depleted and raised. However,microscopic observation describes macerals as primarily sapropelic amorphinite, therefore, type I is important. The TOC was determined to be between 1.90% and 7.06%,which is considered very good to excellent. The original total organic carbon(TOCo) was decided to use its maceral components to determine how to convert extremely mature TOC to TOCo. It varies between 5.13% and 10.74% and reaches a maximum of 57.21% which is comparable to TOC. At 0.82%–1.04%, 443–451 ℃, 0.50%–38.10%, and69.00%–99.59% are the vitrinite reflectance(Ro), maximum temperature(Tmax), production index(PI), and transformation ratio(TR), respectively. Late peak maturity refers to a mixture of oil and gas, whereas most TR ratios refer to the main gas phase. Similarly, the petroleum residual shows no indication of gas trapped at a volume of6309.50 mcf/ac-ft. In summary, source rock potential was assessed within a suitable risk range defined by Tmax(445.70 ℃), Ro(0.91%), TR(90.63%), TOC(8.15%),shale thickness(46 m), and kerogen type(type I).

关键词： TOC Shale gas Maturity Geochemistry Kerogen type Pyrolysis

A Diverse Microfossil Assemblage from the Ediacaran–Cambrian Deep-Water Chert of the Liuchapo Formation in Guizhou Province,South China

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第2期34卷 398-408页

作者： Yan Zhang Shan Chang qinglai feng Shucan Zheng State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China School of Earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Hubei Normal UniversityHuangshi 435002China School of Architectural Engineering Huanggang Normal UniversityHuanggang 438000China

The Ediacaran to Cambrian transition witnessed great biological and environmental turnovers from the Precambrian to Phanerozoic.These changes are also reflected by the fossil records during that time.However,the fossil distribution was highly heterogenous.While diverse fossils were constantly found from the shallow shelf including restricted basins,reports from deep-water areas,which are characterized by chert-dominated formations straddling the Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary,were scarce.Among them was the Liuchapo Formation that has been considered barren.In this study,a fossiliferous assemblage was found from the Liuchapo Formation in east Guizhou Province,South China.This assemblage comprises Palaeopascichnus jiumenensis,Horodyskia minor,multicellular algae that possibly related with red algae,cyanobacteria,sponge spicules,small shelly fossils,membrane structures of uncertain affinity,and fossils with structures resemble the Ediacaran Megasphaera.Palaeopascichnus and Horodyskia have been widely reported and abundant in the Liuchapo Formation and equivalents,while the others have seldomly,or never,been found from this formation or,more widely,the deep-water chert of transitional interval.The discovery not only contributes to the rare paleontological records preserved in deep-water sediments,but also expanded the geographic distribution of the fossils,providing new materials of biological diversity during this critical interval.

关键词： Liuchapo Formation Early Cambrian latest Ediacaran deep-water chert fossils paleobiology

Characteristics and Sources of Organic Matter from the Early Cambrian Niutitang Formtion and Its Preservation Environment in Guizhou

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第4期33卷 933-944页

作者： Hong Wei qinglai feng Jianxin Yu Shan Chang State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Hubei Normal UniversityHuangshi 435002China

The Early Cambrian Niutitang Formation on the Yangtze Block is a set of high-quality marine source rock.However,hydrocarbon-forming organisms of these organic-rich shales was poorly understood.In this paper,the results of palynofacies analysis and hydrocarbon-forming organism characteristics of the Niutitang Formation from the Yangtze Block are reported for the first time,and the sedimentary environment is discussed in combination with geochemical data.Palynofacies analysis show that the organic matter(OM)of the Niutitang Formation is mainly composed of amorphous organic matter(AOM),with a small amount of structural organic matter(STOM)and palynomorphs(PL).The results of CONISS(stratigraphically constrained incremental sum of squares)cluster analysis show that the PL can be divided into three zones in the ascending order:Leiosphaeridia-Micrhystridiumfungal zone,algal bloom zone and fungal development zone,corresponding to three stages:transgression,high-stand and regression,respectively.The principal component analysis(PCA)shows that the main hydrocarbon-forming organisms include planktonic green microalgae or dinoflagellates that are related to Leiosphaeridia and Microcystidium.Palynofacies analysis and geochemical data show that the Niutitang Formation was deposited under anoxic or dysoxic condition which was favorable to the enrichment of organic matter.

关键词： organic matter palynofacies hydrocarbon-forming organisms sedimentary environment Niutitang Formation Yangtze Block

Tethyan evolution from early Paleozoic to early Mesozoic in southwest Yunnan

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第12期66卷 2728-2750页

作者： qinglai feng Guichun LIU Zhengqin GAN Tianyu ZHAO Jianwei ZI Yuehua WEI State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Earth Science China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Yunnan Institute of Geological Survey Kunming 650216China John de Laeter Centre Curtin UniversityPerth WA 6102Australia

The Tethys orogenic belt in SW Yunnan constitutes a critical part of the expansive Tethys-Himalayan tectonic domain.The abundant,well-preserved geologic records make it an ideal area for studying the tectonic evolution of Proto-and Paleo-Tethys.In this paper,we focus on several major tectonic units in SW Yunnan and reconstruct the Tethyan evolution from the early Paleozoic to the early Mesozoic,based on stratigraphic,sedimentologic,and magmatic evidences.The recently discovered early Paleozoic Yunxian-Menghai ophiolitic belt in the Lincang Terrane situated east of the Changning-Menglian Belt represents the suture zone of the Proto-Tethys.The oceanic basin of Proto-Tehtys opened in the latest Neoproterozoic and subsequently began subducting in the late Miaolingian of the Cambrian(about 505 Ma).From the late Late Ordovician to the ealiest Silurian(about 450–442 Ma),the Proto-Tethys basin gradually closed resulting in the collision of the continental plates on both sides of the Proto-Tethyan ocean.The main collision stage occurred in the early Silurian(about 442–430 Ma)and the postcollision stage lasted from the mid-Silurian to the early Carboniferous(430–355 Ma).The earliest record of Paleo-Tethyan oceanic crust was generated in the late Devonian,and the ocean was then subducted in an eastward direction in the middle Late Carboniferous(about 310 Ma).The initial collision stage in the Paleo-Tethys took place at the end of the Permian(about 253Ma),and the main stage of the collision persisted into the early Ladinian(about 253–238 Ma).This was followed by postcollision extension from the late Ladinian to the early Jurassic(ca.238–196 Ma).We suggest that the opening of Paleo-Tethyan Ocean in SW Yunnan was a result of the extensional rift basin of the Proto-Tethys.Additionally,the activity of the Manxin mantle plume was likely a crucial factor in the rapid expansion of the Paleo-Tethyan Ocean.

关键词： Historical tectonics Stratigraphic sequence Proto-Tethys Paleo-Tethys Tectonic evolution SW Yunnan

Microfossil Assemblages and Indication of the Source and Preservation Pattern of Organic Matter from the Early Cambrian in South China

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第3期33卷 802-819页

作者： Shucan Zheng qinglai feng Sebastiaan van de Velde Shan Chang Lei Zhang Bo Gao School of Architectural Engineering Huanggang Normal UniversityHuanggang 438000China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of CaliforniaRiversideCA 92521USA Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute SINOPECBeijing 100083China

The beginning of the Phanerozoic was marked by abundant phytoplankton,the occurrence of animals and a newly established ecosystem structure,which in turn,resulted in different modes of organic matter(OM)cycling and preservation.In this study,we present an integrated paleontological and geochemical study of the Lower Cambrian Yanjiahe and Shuijingtuo formations in the Three Gorges area,South China.Rock samples were analyzed for major and trace elements,in order to evaluate the marine productivity.Fossil samples were recovered using palynological methods,destructive analytical techniques,SEM analysis and thin section microscopy.The organic-walled microfossils in the investigated sections include marine microphytoplankton,linings of sponge spicules,small shelly fossils and some unnamed sheet-like and net-like microfossils(animal parts).Additionally,fecal structures and coprolites fossils were found.Three intervals in the Luojiacun Section were proposed to discuss the links among microfossil assemblages and their influence on OM cycling and preservation.We found that the marine microphytoplankton was the main source of OM in the investigated sections.The appearance of fecal structures groups and massive appearance of animals in the pelagic zone indicate a higher transfer efficiency of OM aggregates through the water column.Oxygenated conditions in the water-column would have led to a moderate to low preservation of OM,an effect which would have been further enhanced by the potential presence of bioturbators.Overall,our study reveals the contribution of various organisms to the sedimentary OM and highlights the links and feedbacks among microfossil assemblages,OM recycling efficiency and OM preservation in the tipping point of the Phanerozoic“new world”.

关键词： phytoplankton marine productivity animals fecal structures redox conditions OM recycling efficiency

Petrography, Geochemistry and U-Pb Detrital Zircon Dating of the Clastic Phu Khat Formation in the Nakhon Thai Region, Thailand: Implications for Provenance and Geotectonic Setting

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第3期27卷 329-349页

作者： Pradit Nulay Chongpan Chonglakmani qinglai feng School of Geotechnology Institute of Engineering Suranaree University of Technology Department of Mineral Resources Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences

The purpose of this paper is to determine the provenance and tectonic setting of the Phu Khat Formation and get a better understanding of the tectonic evolution of the Nakhon Thai region using the petrography and whole-rock geochemistry integrated with the U-Pb detrital zircon dating. The sandstone of the Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary Phu Khat Formation is chiefly characterized by unsorted texture and highly unstable volcanic lithic fragments. The formation overlies unconformably on a high textural and mineral maturity of clastic sandstone of the Late Cretaceous Khao Ya Puk Formation. Geochemically, the tectonic setting discrimination（K2O/Na2O-SiO2, Al2O3/SiO2-Fe2O3＋Mg O, and Th-Sc-Zr/10） and the petrography indicate that the Phu Khat Formation was accumulated in a passive margin tectonic setting which is the same as the Khao Ya Puk Formation but with a different depositional environment. The plots of geochemical provenance discrimination（La/Th-Hf, Th/Sc-Zr/Sc, Eu anomaly Eu/Eu＊ 0.42 to 0.74） and the petrography reveal that the provenance of the Khao Ya Puk Formation is mainly recycled sedimentary rocks while the Phu Khat Formation consists primarily of recycled sedimentary rocks associated with minor felsic volcanic rocks from the old continental island arc of the uplifted either western or eastern continental terranes or both. However, the U-Pb detrital zircon dating indicates a unique provenance of the Phu Khat Formation from the terrane west of the Nakhon Thai region where the volcanic continental arc is active predominantly in the Middle to Late Triassic. The results indicate that while the Phu Khat Formation was accumulated in Nakhon Thai region, the western terrane was uplifted by reactivation of the preexisting structure probably since the Maastrichtian time to be the source area of sediments. Meanwhile, the eastern terrane（mainly Loei-Phetchabun fold belt） had not been uplifted probably until, the accumulation of the Phu Khat Formation terminated. Subsequently, the whole region began to uplift formin

关键词： Phu Khat Formation provenance U-Pb detrital zircon dating geochemistry petrography

Geochemistry,Zircon U-Pb Age and Hf Isotopic Constraints on the Petrogenesis of the Silurian Rhyolites in the Loei Fold Belt and Their Tectonic Implications

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第3期27卷 391-402页

作者： Tianyu Zhao Xin Qian qinglai feng State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Zircon U-Pb dating, Lu-Hf isotopic and geochemical data for the Silurian rhyolites from the Loei fold belt are presented to constrain their petrogenesis and tectonic settings. The rhyolites give a weighted mean 206Pb/238 U age of 423.7±2.7 Ma, and are characterized by high SiO2, Al2O3, K2 O and low MnO, MgO and P2O5. All samples are enriched in LILEs（e.g., Ba, K, Pb） and LREEs and depleted in HFSEs（e.g., Nb, Ta, Ti） with obvious negative Eu-anomalies（δEu=0.56–0.63）. The calc-alkaline rhyolites are typical arc-related rocks. The Loei rhyolites have high A/CNK ratios（1.19–1.34） and positive εHf（t）（4.03–5.38）, which can be interpreted as partial melting of juvenile crustal materials followed by multistage melting and differentiation, similar to highly fractional I-type rocks. Combined with regional geological surveys, the Loei rhyolites should be formed in a volcanic arc environment and may be in contact with the Truong Son fold belt during the Early Paleozoic. Moreover, the Simao Block might be in contiguity with the Indochina Block during Silurian.

关键词： I-type rhyolite zircon U-Pb dating Hf isotopic composition geochemical characteristics Loei fold belt Indochina Block

Tracing Escaping Structure in the Northern Indo-China Peninsula by Openness and Remote Sensing

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Journal of Earth Science 2017年第1期28卷 147-160页

作者： Jie Zhang qinglai feng Zhi Zhang State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Nanjing Center China Geological Survey School of Earth Sciences China University of GeosciencesWuhan

The Openness based on DEM emphasizes the terrain convexity and concavity. It facilitates the interpretation of detailed landforms on the Earth＇s surface. Compared with the layer stacking of ETM＋ with less three-dimensionality and visualizability and with indefinite details of linear images in the deep cutting or deep covered region, the Openness is used for accurate interpretation of tectonic geomorphic units and linear structures. In this paper, the ETM＋ images（741 RGB） and RRIM based on Openness combined with the field geological investigation are used to trace the escaping structure in SE Asia. The east boundary is Ailaoshan shear zone and the west boundary is Uttaradit-Dien Bien Phu fault, which together form the southwards extruding wedge block. The arc boundary surface of the southern Khorat Plateau is jutted to the north. The NW and NE sides of Khorat Plateau are traversed by Uttaradit-Dien Bien Phu fault and Thakhek-Da Nang fault, respectively, resulting in a blocked escaping structure. The SE margins of Truong Son structure belt and Song Ma structure belt are both arcs jutting to SE. These arc structures clamped by faults or related to the fault on one side indicating the material flow direction obviously, are the most specific manifestation of escaping structures. Moreover, these push units are extruded from south to north successively.

关键词： Openness Indo-China Peninsula escaping structure remote sensing.

The Upper Ordovician Microfossil Assemblages from the Pagoda Formation in Zigui, Hubei Province

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Journal of Earth Science 2018年第4期29卷 900-911页

作者： Ke Zhang Aihua Yuan qinglai feng State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences

The Pagoda Formation is a lithologically and biologically distinctive unit among the Upper Ordovician. The strata are characterized by a nodular limestone, which yields fossil assemblages of high diversity. Conodonts of 14 genera 20 species （6 undetermined species） and ostracods of 14 genera 26 species （16 undetermined species） are identified. In addition, spherical radiolarians and minute-walled foraminifers were first reported from this formation in South China. The conodont assemblage is attributed to the Hamarous europaeus Zone, which indicates the Early Katian Age. The conodont HDS biofacies, along with thin-shelled ostracods, spherical radiolarians and foraminifers, suggest relatively deep and quiet water depositional environment. Accordingly, these fossil materials not only enrich the diversity of the Pagoda biota, but also provide evidence for discussions of deposi- tional environments and stratigraphic correlations for the Pagoda Formation.

关键词： South China Ordovician conodont ostracod radiolarians foraminifer.