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Experimental studies on overall property of thermoelectric modules with sandwiched structures

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第5期59卷 571-576页

作者： jianjun Zhu Zhen li Xing {2. key laboratory for {2. Science and power engineering of ministry of education Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua University

Based on direct-current transient Harman method,an integrated characterization system of thermoelectric device’s performance is *** overall properties of thermoelectric modules with sandwiched structures are experimentally investigated,including Seebeck coefficients,figures of merit(ZT),electrical and thermal *** results reveal that ZT values of thermoelectric modules are smaller than those of commercial bismuth telluride(Bi2.e3)*** contrast,Seebeck coefficients are significantly larger than traditional thermoelectric device’s ***,both electrical and thermal conductivities are greater compared with {2.terature *** results have proposed a feasible and economical way that can potentially increase Seebeck coefficients as to bulk Bi2.e3materials without significant deterioration to the nature of Peltier effect.

关键词：热电器件模块性能结构塞贝克系数试验珀尔帖效应表征系统

面向双碳目标的多元燃料循环流化床燃烧技术展望

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中国电机工程学报 2024年第17期44卷 6844-6854,I0012页

作者：岳光溪张扬张建春王志宁柯希玮张海热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室(清华大学能源与动力工程系) 北京市海淀区100084 太原锅炉集团有限公司山西省太原市030000 怀柔实验室山西研究院山西省太原市030032 北京怀柔实验室北京市怀柔区101400

双碳目标让煤电机组的低碳化受到广泛关注。低碳燃料替代是循环流化床(circulating fluidized bed,CFB)燃烧发电技术的重要方向之一。零碳、低碳燃料特性与煤显著不同,这对CFB燃烧技术的燃料适应性提出了新的挑战。该文从燃料的着火与... 详细信息

双碳目标让煤电机组的低碳化受到广泛关注。低碳燃料替代是循环流化床(circulating fluidized bed,CFB)燃烧发电技术的重要方向之一。零碳、低碳燃料特性与煤显著不同,这对CFB燃烧技术的燃料适应性提出了新的挑战。该文从燃料的着火与燃尽、低成本污染物控制和受热面安全3个角度,剖析CFB燃烧技术燃料适应性广的理论基础,提出丰富的床料蓄热和高效物料循环是支撑其适应低碳灵活燃料燃烧的两大基础条件。可以通过构建合理流态和炉内气氛,进一步提升CFB燃烧技术在多元低碳燃料上的适应性。对于生物质燃料,利用循环物料冲刷减少高温受热面沾污、减轻腐蚀,能够提高生物质发电的蒸汽参数,进而提高生物质发电的经济性;对于氨燃料,利用炉内高温床料蓄热解决稳燃问题,利用炉内气氛调控解决低成本脱硝问题,有望攻克氨燃料的高效低成本燃烧技术;对于化工冶金过程中广泛存在的超低热值废气,可利用CFB燃烧技术无害化处理同时回收废气中热能,显著提升废气处理的经济性,减少系统能耗和碳排放。面向双碳目标,CFB燃烧技术将进一步发挥和拓展其燃料适应性广的优势,具有较好前景。

关键词：双碳目标循环流化床生物质,氨燃料烧结烟气

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带格架棒束子通道单相湍流交混轴向演化特性实验研究

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核动力工程 2024年第3期45卷 104-109页

作者：刘莎莎马在勇张锐孙皖张卢腾朱隆祥潘良明重庆大学低品位能源利用技术及系统教育部重点实验室重庆400044 重庆大学核工程与核技术系重庆400044

子通道间的湍流交混是影响堆芯内热工参数准确计算的关键因素,对于提升反应堆安全分析的精度具有重要意义。对于带格架棒束子通道间湍流交混,现有研究常采用热扩散系数研究其平均效应,缺乏对其轴向演化特性的详细分析。本文基于示踪剂... 详细信息

子通道间的湍流交混是影响堆芯内热工参数准确计算的关键因素,对于提升反应堆安全分析的精度具有重要意义。对于带格架棒束子通道间湍流交混,现有研究常采用热扩散系数研究其平均效应,缺乏对其轴向演化特性的详细分析。本文基于示踪剂分析方法,对带格架与不带格架的双子通道单相湍流交混的轴向演化特性开展了实验研究。实验结果表明格架对于单相湍流交混具有显著增强作用。相对于无格架工况,格架处由于格架强扰动和横流作用湍流交混增强作用最强,格架近下游由于反向横流作用增强作用最弱,格架远下游略强于格架上游,且增强作用可以持续较长距离。

关键词：格架棒束子通道轴向单相湍流交混

CO_2.long-term diffusive leakage into biosphere in geological carbon storage

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第28期59卷 3686-3690页

作者： Qin-Yi li Qun Chen Xing zhang key laboratory for {2. Science and power engineering of ministry of education Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua University

Prediction of CO2.leakage into biosphere is very important for risk assessment in geological carbon storage projects. Underground CO2.can be transported into biosphere through short term leakage due to fractures of wellbores or cap rocks, which has been extensively investigated, and long term leakage due to diffusion, which has few relevant studies. This paper presents a diffusive model for CO2.gradual leakage into biosphere during a long period after CO2.injection. First, the paper describes a general diffusive model with long term secondary trapping effects for CO2.fluxes from underground into biosphere. Secondly, a simplified one-dimensional model is presented and solved for the CO2.concentrations in groundwater. The results show that the groundwater CO2.concentration will reach the maximum value at about 50 th year after CO2.injection and then slowly decrease due to secondary trapping ***, the partition coefficient is the dominant parameter for predicting the groundwater CO2.concentration while the convective mass transfer coefficient plays an insignificant role.

关键词： CO2.度扩散模型生物圈碳储存泄漏地质二氧化碳浓度质量传递系数

An overview of the development history and technical progress of china.s coal-fired power industry

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Frontiers in Energy 2019年第3期13卷 417-426页

作者： Weiliang WANG Zheng li Junfu LYU Hai {2. Guangxi YUE Weidou NI key laboratory for {2. Science and power engineering of ministry of education Department of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

As the main power source of china. coalfired power industry has achieved a great progress in installed capacity, manufacturing technologies, thermal efficiency, as well as pollutant control during the past century. With the fast development of renewable energies, coal-fired power industry is experiencing a strategic transformation. To specify the development of coal-fired power industry, its development history is reviewed and the technical progresses on aspects of thermal efficiency, pollutants control and peaking shaving capacity are discussed. It is concluded that the role of china.s coal-fired power source would be transformed from the dominant position to a base position in power source structure. Considering the sustainable development of coal-fired power industry in energy conservation, emission control, and utilization of renewable energies, it is suggested that the national average thermal efficiency should be improved by continual up-gradation of units by using advanced technologies and eliminating outdated capacity. Moreover, the emission standard of air pollutants should not be stricter any more in coal-fired power industry. Furthermore, the huge amount of combined heat and power (CHP) coal-fired units should be operated in a decoupled way, so as to release more than 350 GW regulation capacity for the grid to accept more renewable energy power.

关键词： coal-fired power development strategy eliminating outdated capacity peak shaving emission reduction renewable energy

Efficient and stable perovskite solar cells by build-inπ-columns and ionic interfaces in covalent organic frameworks

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Nano Research 2023年第7期16卷 9387-9397页

作者： Riming Nie Xiaokai Chen Zhongping li Weicun Chu Si Ma Changqing li Xiaoming liu Yonghua Chen Zhuhua zhang Wanlin Guo State key laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of EducationInstitute for Frontier ScienceNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China department of Chemical and Biomolecular engineering Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 120-749Republic of Korea College of Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China department of Energy and Chemical engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)50 UNIST-gilEonyang-eupUljugunUlsan 44919Republic of Korea key laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLoFE) School of Flexible Electronics(Future Technologies)&Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)Nanjing Tech University(Nanjing Tech)Nanjing 211816China

Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)have attracted much attention due to their rapidly increased power conversion efficiencies,however,their inherent poor long-term stability hinders their *** degradation of PSCs first comes from the degradation of hole transport materials(HTMs).Here,we report the construction of periodicπ-columnar arrays and ionic interfaces over the skeletons by introducing cationic covalent organic frameworks(C-COFs)to the ***π-columnar arrays can optimize the charge transport ability and energy levels of the hole transport layer and suppress the degradation of HTM,and ionic interfaces over the skeletons can produce stronger electric dipole and electrostatic interactions,as well as higher charge *** C-COFs were designed and synthesized via Schiff base reaction by using 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol as a neutral knot and dimidium bromide as cationic *** neutral COFs(N-COFs)were also synthesized as a reference by using 3,8-diamino-6-phenylphenanthridine as neutral *** with cationic COF exhibit the highest efficiency of 2..4%with excellent humidity and thermal *** the best of our knowledge,this is the highest efficiency among the meso-structured PSCs fabricated by a sequential process.

关键词： cationic covalent organic framework(C-COF) π-columnar arrays ionic interfaces charge density perovskite solar cells

Oxidation damage and interfacial failure of dissimilar metal welds containing ferritic heat resistant steels

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2021年第11期28卷 1439-1450页

作者： Xiao-gang li Zhi-peng Cai Xin Chen Shu-qing Dong Wen-he Cai Yu zhang Shan-lin li Ke-jian li Shao-shi Rui Ji-luan Pan department of Mechanical engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China key laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology Ministry of EducationBeijing 100084China State key laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China china.Datang Corporation Science and Technological Research Institute Thermal Power Technology Research InstituteBeijing 100040China

The ex-service steam tubes containing dissimilar metal weld(DMW)between high Cr ferritic steel T91 and austenitic stainless steel TP347H and the ex-service steam tubes containing DMW between low Cr ferritic steel G102.and austenitic stainless steel TP347H were obtained from coal-fired thermal power plants in {2.and their microstructures at the nickel-based weld metal(WM)/ferritic steel interfaces and oxidation characteristics were *** operating for 15,000 h at steam temperature of 541 C and steam pressure of 17.5 MPa,a G102.TP347H DMW failed along the WM/G102.steel interface,which was a dangerous premature failure mode without obvious plastic *** interfacial failure was attributed to the interaction between oxidation and cracking along the interface,where fracture appeared to be related with the strain concentration at the *** notch along the WM/G102.steel interface was the precursor of premature interfacial failure of DMW involving *** the DMW involving high Cr ferritic steel T91,ferritic steel side could form a Cr-rich passive film during service and thus would not be further oxidized after operating for 67,000 h at steam temperature of 541 C and steam pressure of 3.5 *** was concluded that oxidation played a more important role in failure of these DMWs,and retarding the development of oxidation and avoiding the interfacial oxide notch would dramatically improve the service performance of steam tubes containing DMWs.

关键词： Dissimilar metal weld Ferritic heat resistant steel Nickel-based weld metal Oxidation Interfacial failure High-temperature service

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湍动流化床气化焚烧炉灰渣沿程特性分析

热力发电 2020年第6期49卷 20-25页

作者：杨潇潇丛堃林张国义曹剑李清海张衍国清华大学-滑铁卢大学微纳米能源环境联合研究中心热科学与动力工程教育部重点实验室清华大学能源与动力工程系北京100084 北京一亚高科能源科技有限公司北京100085

湍动流化床气化焚烧炉是一种"变截面"结构,采用分级进料、分级气化、分级燃烧相耦合的方式处理有机废物,其灰渣特性与其他炉型相比有无差别尚待研究。本文以越南某湍动流化床气化焚烧炉为例,采用全自动工业分析仪、马尔文激光粒度仪、X... 详细信息

湍动流化床气化焚烧炉是一种"变截面"结构,采用分级进料、分级气化、分级燃烧相耦合的方式处理有机废物,其灰渣特性与其他炉型相比有无差别尚待研究。本文以越南某湍动流化床气化焚烧炉为例,采用全自动工业分析仪、马尔文激光粒度仪、X射线荧光光谱分析仪分别对焚烧飞灰的工业分析、粒径及元素组成进行分析,并阐述了沿飞灰路径的灰渣金属氧化物富集特性。结果表明:焚烧炉燃烧充分,飞灰含碳量几乎为0;飞灰粒径大部分小于100μm;灰渣主要成分为SiO2.CaO和Al2.3,Cl元素的质量分数沿飞灰路径增加40%~70%不等;大部分金属氧化物的质量分数沿飞灰路径呈增加趋势。该研究结果可为湍动流化床气化焚烧炉的灰渣合理利用以及工艺改进提供依据。

关键词：湍动流化床垃圾有机废物气化焚烧灰渣特性粒径分布

Analysis of Hydrocarbon Mixture Performance of a Dual-Channel Swirl Engine

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Journal of thermal Science 2020年第6期29卷 1391-1397页

作者： YUAN Wenhua HUANG Qilin FU Jun liAO Jingjing li Yu HE Yong zhang Zengfeng MA Yi School of Mechanical and Energy engineering Shaoyang UniversityShaoyang 422004China State key laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China key laboratory of Hunan Province for Efficient {2. System and Intelligent Manufacturing Shaoyang UniversityShaoyang 422000China

In order to understand and improve the oil and gas mixing performance of a dual-channel vortex chamber diesel engine,the BH175F dual-channel vortex chamber combustion system was used as the research foundation,and the oil-gas mixture process of the combustion system was numerically *** analyzing the cylinder temperature,cylinder pressure,mixing process and combustion process of the combustion system,the mixture performance of the combustion system was *** indicated that:The mixture of the compression Top Dead Center(TDC)started to enter the main combustion chamber through the start-up hole;when the piston reached 4°After Top Dead Center(ATDC),the mixture started to enter the main combustion chamber through the connecting channels A and B,and the high-concentration mixture entered the main combustion from the start-up hole;when the piston continued running down to 2.°and 2.°ATDC,it could be seen that the main combustion chamber mixture was already relatively uniform;besides,when the equivalence ratio was between 0.8 and 1,the air-ftiel mixture was unevenly distributed in the main combustion *** provides guidance for further improvement of the combustion system.

关键词： gas mixing performance dual-channel vortex chamber combustion system