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Circulating Fluidized Bed Gasification of Low Rank Coal：Influence of O2/C Molar Ratio on Gasification Performance and Sulphur Transformation

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Journal of Thermal Science 2016年第4期25卷 363-371页

作者： ZHANG Haixia ZHANG Yukui ZHU Zhiping LU qinggang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

To promote the utilization efficiency of coal resources,and to assist with the control of sulphur during gasification and/or downstream processes,it is essential to gain basic knowledge of sulphur transformation associated with gasification *** this research we investigated the influence of O_2/C molar ratio both on gasification performance and sulphur transformation of a low rank coal,and the sulphur transformation mechanism was also *** were performed in a circulating fluidized bed gasifier with O_2/C molar ratio ranging from 0.39 to 0.78 mol/*** results showed that increasing the O_2/C molar ratio from 0.39 to 0.78 mol/mol can increase carbon conversion from 57.65%to 91.92%,and increase sulphur release ratio from 29.66%to63.11%.The increase of O_2/C molar ratio favors the formation of H_2S,and also favors the retained sulphur transforming to more stable *** to the reducing conditions of coal gasification,H_2S is the main form of the released sulphur,which could be formed by decomposition of pyrite and by secondary *** char shows lower sulphur content than fly ash,and mainly exist as sulphates.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)measurements also show that the intensity of pyrite declines and the intensity of sulphates increases for fly ash and bottom char,and the change is more obvious for bottom *** CFB gasification process,bigger char particles circulate in the system and have longer residence time for further reaction,which favors the release of sulphur species and can enhance the retained sulphur transforming to more stable forms.

关键词： gasification circulating fluidized bed sulphur transformation O2/C molar ratio

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Semirigid vibrating rotor target calculation for reaction O(^(3)P)+CH_(4)→CH_(3)+OH

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2004年第2期47卷 223-230页

作者： LIU Xinguo BAI Lihua ZHANG qinggang Department of Physics Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China Department of Physics Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China Department of Physics Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China

The time-dependent quantum dynamics calculation for reaction O(3P)+CH4 →CH3+OH is made, using of the semirigid vibrating rotor target (SVRT) model and the time-dependent wave packet (TDWP) method. The corresponding reaction probabilities of different initial states are provided. From the calculation of initial rovibrational statej=0,v=0, 1, we can see that the excitation of the H-CH3 stretching vibration gives significant enhancement of reaction probability and the reaction threshold decreases dramatically with the enhancement of the vibrating excitation, which indicates that the vibrating energy of reagent molecules contributes a lot to the molecular collision. As for the calculation of reaction probability of statev=0,j=0,1,2,3, the results show that the reaction probability rises significantly with the enhancement of rotational quantum numberj while the reaction threshold has no changes. The spatial steric effect of the title reaction is studied and analyzed too after the calculation of reaction probability of statesj=5,k=0–2,n=0 andj=5,k=2,n=0–2 is made.

关键词： SVRT model, time-dependent wave packet, reaction probability, steric effect.

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Experimental study on the activation of coal gasification fly ash from industrial CFB gasifiers

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 8-18页

作者： Qiyao Yang Xiaobin Qi qinggang Lyu Zhiping Zhu North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Coal Flexible Combustion and Thermal Conversion Datong 037000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Coal Clean Efficient Combustion and GasificationDatong 037000China

Coal gasification fly ash(CGFA)is an industrial solid waste from the coal circulating fluidized bed(CFB)gasification process,and it needs to be effectively disposed to achieve sustainable development of the *** realize the application of CGFA as a precursor of porous carbon materials,the physicochemical properties of three kinds of CGFA from industrial CFB gasifiers are ***,the activation potential of CGFA is acquired via steam activation experiments in a tube furnace ***,the fluidization activation technology of CGFA is practiced in a bench-scale CFB test rig,and its advantages are *** results show that CGFA is characterized by a high carbon content in the range of 54.06%–74.09%,an ultrafine particle size(d50:16.3–26.1 μm),and a relatively developed pore structure(specific surface area SSA:139.29–551.97 m^(2)·g^(-1)).The proportion of micropores in CGFA increases gradually with the coal *** activation experiments show that the pore development of CGFA mainly includes three stages:initial pore development,dynamic equilibrium between micropores and mesopores and pore *** SSA of lignite fly ash(LFA),subbituminous fly ash(SBFA)and anthracite fly ash(AFA)is maximally increased by 105%,13%and 72%after steam activation;the order of the largest carbon reaction rate and decomposition ratio of steam among the three kinds of CGFA is SBFA>LFA>*** the ratio of oxygen to carbon during the fluidization activation of LFA is from 0.09 to 0.19,the carbon conversion ratio increases from 14.4%to 26.8%and the cold gas efficiency increases from 6.8%to 10.2%.The SSA of LFA increases by up to 53.9%during the fluidization activation process,which is mainly due to the mesoporous *** to steam activation in a tube furnace reactor,fluidization activation takes an extremely short time(seconds)to achieve the same activation *** is expected to further improve the activation effect of LFA by regulating the carbo

关键词： Circulating fluidized bed Coal gasification fly ash Steam activation Pore structure evolution Fluidization activation

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Time-dependent wave packet approach to the pulse delay effect upon RbI photoelectron spectrum

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Science China Chemistry 2006年第3期49卷 214-218页

作者： LIU Chunhua MENG Qingtian ZHANG qinggang College of Physics and Electronics Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China College of Physics and Electronics Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China College of Physics and Electronics Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China

The time-resolved photoelectron spectrum (TRPES) of Rbl molecule is simulatedusing the time-dependent wave-packet method. Both the normal three-photon ionization process andauto-ionization process are involved in the simulation. The calculated results show that the changeof delay time will influence the shape of the photoelectron spectrum (PES), and the influence issubstantially due to the existence of the crossing between excited states and the strong laser fieldwhich will change the position of relevant curves.

关键词： time-dependent wave packet method, multiphoton ionization (MPI), time-resolved photoelectron spectrum (TRPES), auto-ionization.

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Influence of Operating Parameters on NO_(x)and SO_(2)Emissions in Circulating Fluidized Bed with Post-Combustion

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第5期32卷 1858-1867页

作者： WANG Chao SONG Guoliang CheN Rui JIANG Yu LYU qinggang School of Engineering Science University of Science&Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023China

Post-combustion technology of circulating fluidized bed can largely reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides(NOx)in the process of combustion and succeed in meeting the ultra-low NO_(x)standard for some fuels like Shenmu *** the potential of synergistic control of the emissions of NO_(x)and sulphur dioxide(SO_(2))under post-combustion technology has become a direction that needs further *** experiments were conducted on a 0.1 MW(thermal)circulating fluidized bed(CFB)test platform,composed of a CFB main combustor and post-combustion chamber(PCC).The paper focuses on the effects of air distribution ratio and temperature in CFB and limestone addition on NO_(x)and SO_(2)*** experimental results showed that compared with traditional CFB combustion,post-combustion technology can reduce NO_(x)emission largely,but lead to a slight increase in SO_(2)*** higher SO_(2)emissions at post-combustion can lead to less NO_(x)*** the decrease inλ_(CFB),NO_(x)emission first decreased and then increased;by contrast,SO_(2)emission withλ_(CFB)first increased and then *** post-combustion,whenλ_(CFB)was 0.9,NO_(x)emission was the minimum,while the SO_(2)emission was the *** temperature and limestone addition has less adverse effects on NO_(x)emission under post-combustion,compared with traditional CFB *** injection into the furnace is applicable under post-combustion,and the sulfur removal efficiency under post-combustion is very high,almost equivalent to that under traditional combustion.

关键词： circulating fluidized bed post-combustion NO_(x) SO_(2) synergistic control

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A Model for Agglomeration in Bio-fuel Fired Fluidized Bed

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Journal of Thermal Science 2010年第5期19卷 451-458页

作者： Shiyuan Li Linlin Shang Haipeng Teng qinggang Lu Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

A mathematical model has been developed to describe the agglomeration process in bio-fuel fired fluidized bed combustor. Based on the balance mechanism of the adhesive force caused by liquid bonding between two parti- cles and the breaking force induced by bubbles in the fiuidized bed, the model considers modified Urbain model and chemical equilibrium calculations using FactSage modeling. This model prediction accounts for the evolve- ment of the adhesive and breaking forces, and clearly demonstrates that the different composition of ash, the in- creasing liquid phase matter and the fiuidization velocity cause defluidization in fluidized bed. In this model, it is the first time to hypothesize that the bonding stress between two particles is proportional to mass fraction of liq- uid phase and inversely proportional to the diameter of particles and viscosity of liquid phase. The defluidization time calculated by this model shows good agreement with that from the experimental data.

关键词： Bio-Fuel Fluidized bed Agglomeration Defluidization Force balance

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Characteristics of Preheating Combustion of Power Coal with High Coking Properties

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第4期30卷 1108-1115页

作者： ZHANG Yi ZHU Jianguo LYU qinggang PAN Fei ZHU Shujun Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Yankuang coal with the high coking property is difficult to use through direct *** main purpose of this paper is to study the combustion characteristics and NO_(x)emissions of this type of coal using preheating combustion *** experimental results show that after the pulverized coal is preheated,the char residue characteristic is significantly reduced from 5 to *** the preheating process,the preheating temperature is stable at about 910°C,and the particle size of char after preheating is reduced,and the pore structure and specific surface areas are *** combustion temperature of preheated fuel is stable at around 1100℃,and the combustion efficiency can reach more than 99%under different *** the structure of the secondary air nozzles during the preheating combustion process can influence the characteristics of NO_(x)*** NO_(x)emission of the central nozzle is about 112 mg/Nm~(3)lower than that of the annular *** the tertiary air distribution modes can reduce the final NO_(x)emissions to 215 mg/Nm~3(@6%O_2),and the corresponding conversion ratio of fuel N to the final NO_(x)is 4.2%.The results of this experiment prove that the Yankuang coal can achieve stable combustion by preheating combustion technology,and this proposed a new way for the utilization of Yankuang coal.

关键词： Yankuang coal coking properties preheating combustion NO_(x)emissions

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Experimental Study on Coal Multi-generation in Dual Fluidized Beds

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Journal of Thermal Science 2007年第3期16卷 277-282页

作者： Fan Xiaoxu Lu qinggang Na Yongjie Liu Qi Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

An atmospheric test system of dual fluidized beds for coal multi-generation was built. One bubbling fluidized bed is for gasification and a circulating fluidized bed for combustion. The two beds are combined with two valves： one valve to send high temperature ash from combustion bed to the gasification bed and another valve to send char and ash from gasification bed to combustion bed. Experiments on Shenhua coal multi-generation were made at temperatures from 1112 K to 1191 K in the dual fluidized beds. The temperatures of the combustor are stable and the char combustion efficiency is about 98%. Increasing air/coal ratio to the fluidized bed leads to the increase of temperature and gasification efficiency. The maximum gasification efficiency is 36.7% and the calorific value of fuel gas is 10.7 MJ/Nm^3. The tar yield in this work is 1.5%, much lower than that of pyrolysis. Carbon conversion efficiency to fuel gas and flue gas is about 90%.

关键词： gasification multi-generation dual fluidized beds tar char combustion

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Modification of Melting Combustion Kinetic Model of Fine Ash from Entrained-Flow Gasifier

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 300-310页

作者： WANG Wenyu LI Wei LU Yu REN Qiangqiang LYU qinggang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Chinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

Coal gasification technology is a prominent technology in the coal chemical industry and serves as the fundamental basis for various process industries,including coal-based chemicals,coal-based liquid fuels,Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle(IGCC) power generation,multi-generation systems,hydrogen production,and fuel *** gasification process generates significant quantities of ash residue,with annual emissions exceeding tens of millions of tons and accumulation reaching hundreds of millions of ***,there is an urgent need to investigate methods for its *** combustion of gasified fine ash(GFA) was conducted in a tube furnace,and the conventional shrinking core model was modified to accurately predict the combustion behaviors at different temperatures(900℃-1500℃).We divided the reaction temperatures into three ranges,which is defined as unmelted combustion(TFT) and mixed combustion(DTFT),the surface ash of GFA grains fell off,and the residual carbon and gas-phase reactants were nearly no longer affected by the diffusion resistance,thus significantly accelerated the reaction of internal residual *** order to predict the melt combustion process more accurately,the time term of the shrinkage core model(SCM) is modified,and the effective diffusion coefficient of T>FT is defined.

关键词： fine ash melting combustion kinetic model combustion characteristics

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Effect of Atmosphere on HCI Releasement during MSWI Fly Ash Thermal Treatment

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第6期32卷 2243-2255页

作者： YANG Guiyun REN Qiangqiang ZHOU Li XU Jing LYU qinggang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Municipal solid waste incineration(MSWI)fly ash constitutes a hazardous *** disposal has been verified to be prospective for stabilizing heavy metals and *** of contaminant HCl during MSWI fly ash thermal treatment leads to potential environmental *** behavior and transformation of chlorine are critical to the disposal strategy of MSWI fly *** this study,the pathway of HCl formation in MSWI fly ash thermal treatment under complex atmosphere was *** show that CaOHCl in fly ash was first decomposed to CaCl_(2),CaO and H_(2)O below 550°C,which provides H for HCl ***,CaCl_(2),NaCl or KCl were reacted with H_(2)O to release HCI,during which process H_(2)O and O2 promote HCl formation,CO inhibit HCl production since H_(2)O is consumed in water-gas *** initial temperature of HCl generation affected by the concentration of H_(2)O in the *** temperature up to 1250°C,almost all NaCl or KCl were volatilized,HCl mainly from the reaction of chlorine-containing minerals with H_(2)O,such as Ca_(19.2)Mg_(2.8)(Si_(0.75)Al_(0.75))8 O36Cl_(2),Ca4(SiO4)(SO4)Cl_(2)and Ca10(SiO4)3Cl_(2)in N_(2),CO and air atmosphere ***,in a reducing atmosphere,metals are more easily chlorinated by HCI,resulting in further consumption of *** order of atmosphere for reducing HCl emissions should be CO>N_(2)>Air>>H_(2)O.

关键词： municipal solid waste incineration fly ash thermal treatment HCl emission atmosphere

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