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Staphylococcus aureus and biofilms:transmission, threats, and promising strategies in animal husbandry

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1408-1423页

作者： Mengda song Qi Tang Yakun Ding Peng Tan Yucheng Zhang Tao Wang Chenlong Zhou Shenrui Xu Mengwei Lyu Yueyu Bai xi Ma State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Key Laboratory of Innovative Utilization of Local Cattle and Sheep Germplasm Resources(Co‑Construction by Ministry and Province) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSchool of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) is a common pathogenic bacterium in animal husbandry that can cause diseases such as mastitis, skin infections, arthritis, and other ailments. The formation of biofilms threatens and exacerbates S. aureus infection by allowing the bacteria to adhere to pathological areas and livestock product surfaces, thus triggering animal health crises and safety issues with livestock products. To solve this problem, in this review, we provide a brief overview of the harm caused by S. aureus and its biofilms on livestock and animal byproducts(meat and dairy products). We also describe the ways in which S. aureus spreads in animals and the threats it poses to the livestock industry. The processes and molecular mechanisms involved in biofilm formation are then explained. Finally, we discuss strategies for the removal and eradication of S. aureus and biofilms in animal husbandry, including the use of antimicrobial peptides, plant extracts, nanoparticles, phages, and antibodies. These strategies to reduce the spread of S. aureus in animal husbandry help maintain livestock health and improve productivity to ensure the ecologically sustainable development of animal husbandry and the safety of livestock products.

关键词： Animal husbandry Biofilm Mastitis Mitigation strategies Staphylococcus aureus

A review of the neurotransmitter system associated with cognitive function of the cerebellum in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 324-330页

作者： xi Chen Yuhu Zhang Department of Neurology Guangdong Neuroscience InstituteGuangdong Provincial People’s Hospital(Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Shantou University Medical College ShantouGuangdong ProvinceChina

The dichotomized brain system is a concept that was generalized from the‘dual syndrome hypothesis’to explain the heterogeneity of cognitive impairment,in which anterior and posterior brain systems are independent but partially *** dopaminergic system acts on the anterior brain and is responsible for executive function,working memory,and *** contrast,the cholinergic system acts on the posterior brain and is responsible for semantic fluency and visuospatial *** from dopaminergic/cholinergic imaging or functional neuroimaging has shed significant insight relating to the involvement of the cerebellum in the cognitive process of patients with Parkinson’s *** research has reported evidence that the cerebellum receives both dopaminergic and cholinergic ***,whether these two neurotransmitter systems are associated with cognitive function has yet to be fully ***,the precise role of the cerebellum in patients with Parkinson’s disease and cognitive impairment remains ***,in this review,we summarize the cerebellar dopaminergic and cholinergic projections and their relationships with cognition,as reported by previous studies,and investigated the role of the cerebellum in patients with Parkinson’s disease and cognitive impairment,as determined by functional *** findings will help us to understand the role of the cerebellum in the mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease.

关键词： anterior brain system cerebellum cholinergic cognitive impairment dopaminergic dual syndrome hypothesis neuroimage neurotransmitter Parkinson’s disease posterior brain system therapeutic targets

Parameter Estimation of Sub-/Super-synchronous Oscillation Based on Interpolated All-phase Fast Fourier Transform with Optimized Window Function

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第4期12卷 1031-1041页

作者： Bo Sun xi Wu xi Chen Zixiao Zou Qiang Li Bixing Ren School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjingChina State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Company Limited Research Institute NanjingChina

In recent years,with increasing amounts of renew-able energy sources connecting to power grids,sub-/super-syn-chronous oscillations(SSOs)occurred more *** to the time-variant nature of SsO magnitudes and frequencies,as well as the mutual interferences among SsO modes with close frequencies,the accurate parameter estimation of SsO has be-come a particularly challenging *** solve this issue,this paper proposes an improved spectrum analysis method by im-proving the window function and a spectrum correction method to achieve higher ***,by aiming at the sidelobe characteristics of the window function as evaluation criteria,a combined cosine function is optimized using a genetic algorithm(GA).Furthermore,the obtained window function is self-con-volved to extend its excellent characteristics,which have better performance in reducing mutual interference from other SSO ***,a new form of interpolated all-phase fast Fourier transform(IpApFFT)using the optimized window func-tion is proposed to estimate the parameters of *** meth-od allows for phase-unbiased estimation while maintaining algo-rithmic simplicity and *** performance of the pro-posed method is demonstrated under various conditions,com-pared with other estimation *** results vali-date the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.

关键词： Sub-/Super-synchronous oscillation(SSO) window function parameter estimation interpolated all-phase fast Fourier transform(ApFFT)

Bio-screening and quantification of methyl paraben in vinegar and coconut juice separated by HPTLC

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1602-1607页

作者： Yisheng Chen xingjun xi College of Food Science and Engineering Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaigu 030801China Insitute of Food Nutrition and Safety Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiyuan 030031China Institute of Agricultural Food Standardization China National Institute of StandardizationBeijing 100191China

As a widely used food preservative,methyl paraben was experimentally evidenced with serious hormonelike adverse ***,a high performance thin-layer chromatography platformed bioluminescent bioautography and image analysis for the selective quantification and confirmation of methyl paraben was proposed and validated in vinegar and coconut ***,the detectability of the bioautography to the analyte on different layer materials was estimated,revealing that normal silica gel was the best *** that,the liquid of sample extract and working solution were separated to overcome the background noises due to co-extracted *** separation result was then coupled to the optimized bioautography,enabling instant and straightforward screening of the targeted *** accurate quantification,bioluninescent inhibition pattern caused by the analyte was processed by image analysis,giving useful sensitivity(LOD>16 mg/kg),precision(RSD<10.1%)and accuracy(spike-recovery rate 76.9%-112.2%).Finally,the suspected result was confirmed by determining its MS fingerprint,further strengthening the reliability of screening.

关键词： High performance thin-layer chromatography Bio-screening Bioluminescence Image analysis Methyl paraben

Absorbed Bioactive Compounds Replicate GuanxinⅡ-Induced Endothelium-Associated in/ex vivo Vasodilation

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第5期30卷 387-397页

作者： XU Min LIU Hao SU Meng-qing LI Lan YU Ai-ling CHEN Ken HUANG Yun-ke ZHAO Qiu-long HUANG Wen-ya HUANG xi Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Related Comorbid Depression Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210029China Department of Gynecology Women's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310053China

Objective:To develop an interference-free and rapid method to elucidate GuanxinⅡ(GXⅡ)'s representative vasodilator absorbed bioactive compounds(ABCs)among enormous ***:The contents of ferulic acid,tanshinol,and hydroxysafflor yellow A(FTA)in GXⅡ/rat serum after the oral administration of GXⅡ(30 g/kg)were detected using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass *** 18 rats were randomly assigned to the control group(0.9%normal saline),GXⅡ(30 g/kg)and FTA(5,28 and 77 mg/kg)by random number table *** coronary flow velocity-time integral(VTI),i.e.,coronary flow or coronary flow-mediated dilation(CFMD),and endothelium-intact vascular tension of isolated aortic rings were *** 12 h of exposure to blank medium or 0.5 mmol/L H_(2)O_(2),endothelial cells(ECs)were treated with post-dose GXⅡof supernatant from deproteinized serum(PGSDS,300μL PGSDS per 1 m L of culture medium)or FTA(237,1539,and 1510 mg/m L)for 10 min as control,H_(2)O_(2),PGSDS and FTA *** oxide(NO),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),endothelin-1(ET-1),superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA)and phosphorylated phosphoinositide 3 kinase(p-PI3K),phosphorylated protein kinase B(p-AKT),phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase(p-e NOS)were *** was developed as a GXⅡproxy of ex vivo herbal crude ***:PGSDS effectively eliminates false responses caused by crude GXⅡ*** doses equaled the contents in GXⅡ/its post-dose serum,FTA accounted for 98.17%of GXⅡ-added CFMD and 92.99%of PGSDS-reduced vascular *** ECs,FTA/PGSDS was found to have significant antioxidant(lower MDA and higher SOD,P<0.01)and endothelial function-protective(lower VEGF,ET-1,P<0.01)*** increases in aortic relaxation,endothelial NO levels and phosphorylated PI3K/Akt/e NOS protein induced by FTA/PGSDS were markedly abolished by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester(L-NA,e NOS inhibitor)and wortmannin(PI3K/AKT inhibitor

关键词： ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry endothelium-dependent vasodilation herbal extract GuanxinⅡ absorbed bioactive compound

An extended numerical model of the first exothermic peak for three dimensional printed cement-based materials

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 80-88页

作者： Wei JIANG Wenqian LI xi CHEN School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The first exothermic peak of cement-based material occurs a few minutes after mixing,and the properties of three dimensional(3D)printed concrete,such as setting time,are very sensitive to *** this background,based on the classical Park cement exothermic model of hydration,we propose and construct a numerical model of the first exothermic peak,taking into account the proportions of C_(3)S,C_(3)A and quicklime in *** calculated parameters are calibrated by means of relevant published exothermic test *** is found that this developed model offers a good simulation of the first exothermic peak of hydration for C_(3)S and C_(3)A proportions from 0 to 100% of cement clinker and reflects the effect of quicklime content at 8%-10%.The unique value of this research is provision of an important computational tool for applications that are sensitive to the first exothermic peak of hydration,such as 3D printing.

关键词： 3D printed cement-based materials cement hydration the first exothermic peak liquid quick-setting agent numerical model

4D-MAP:Multipath Adaptive Packet Scheduling for Live Streaming over QUIC

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2024年第1期39卷 159-176页

作者：宋丛溪韩彪苏金树 College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

In recent years,live streaming has become a popular application,which uses TCP as its primary transport *** UDP Internet Connections(QUIC)protocol opens up new opportunities for live ***,how to leverage QUIC to transmit live videos has not been studied *** paper first investigates the achievable quality of experience(QoE)of streaming live videos over TCP,QUIC,and their multipath extensions Multipath TCP(MPTCP)and Multipath QUIC(MPQUIC).We observe that MPQUIC achieves the best performance with bandwidth aggregation and transmission ***,network fluctuations may cause heterogeneous paths,high path loss,and band-width degradation,resulting in significant QoE *** by the above observations,we investigate the multipath packet scheduling problem in live streaming and design 4D-MAP,a multipath adaptive packet scheduling scheme over ***,a linear upper confidence bound(LinUCB)-based online learning algorithm,along with four novel scheduling mechanisms,i.e.,Dispatch,Duplicate,Discard,and Decompensate,is proposed to conquer the above problems.4D-MAP has been evaluated in both controlled emulation and real-world networks to make comparison with the state-of-the-art multipath transmission *** results reveal that 4D-MAP outperforms others in terms of improving the QoE of live streaming.

关键词： multipath transmission live streaming Quick UDP Internet Connections(QUIC) quality of experience(QoE) packet scheduling

A new method to solve the Reynolds equation including mass-conserving cavitation by physics informed neural networks(PINNs)with both soft and hard constraints

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Friction 2024年第6期12卷 1165-1175页

作者： Yinhu xi Jinhui DENG Yiling LI School of Mechanical Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China Ericsson AB Datalinjen 3Linköping 58330Sweden

In this work,a new method to solve the Reynolds equation including mass-conserving cavitation by using the physics informed neural networks(PINNs)is *** complementarity relationship between the pressure and the void fraction is *** are several difficulties in problem solving,and the solutions are ***,the difficulty for considering the pressure inequality constraint by PINNs is solved by transferring it into one equality constraint without introducing *** the void fraction inequality constraint is considered by using the hard constraint with the max-min ***,to avoid the fluctuation of the boundary value problems,the hard constraint method is also utilized to apply the boundary pressure values and the corresponding functions are ***,for avoiding the trivial solution the limitation for the mean value of the void fraction is *** results are validated against existing data,and both the incompressible and compressible lubricant are *** agreement can be found for both the domain and domain boundaries.

关键词： Reynolds equation mass-conserving cavitation physics informed neural networks hard constraints trivial solution

Drosophila adhesion GPCR Remoulade regulates axon growth, branching, and guidance by modulating Rac1 GTPase

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第4期51卷 458-461页

作者： xi Yang Changkun Pan Meitong Ye Jinshuo Liang Haoyang Cheng qing Liang Shu Huang Jianshu Wang Hoi Yee Chow Haihuai He Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Neurosurgery Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China

The assembly of neurons into complex circuits relies upon appropriate axonal navigation to distant *** considerable progress has been made toward understanding the regulation of the guidance and branching of axon extension,the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the coordination of the motility of the axon tip,axon growth,and branching remain largely unknown(Sudhof,2017).The Drosophila mushroom body(MB),the major site for associative learning and memory,is a powerful model system to investigate complex axon *** MB is a bilaterally symmetric central brain structure,mainly composed of Kenyon cells,MB output neurons,and dopaminergic neurons(Li et al.,2020).Among the seven neuronal subtypes of~2000 Kenyon cells,Y,a/β,and a/β'subtypes extend axons in a fascicle and bifurcate to produce two sister branches,one projecting into the dorsal lobe and the other into the medial lobe.

关键词： branching medial axon