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A review on charging behavior of electric vehicles:data,model,and control

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Control Theory and Technology 2020年第3期18卷 217-230页

作者： qing-shan jia Teng LONG Center for Intelligent and Networked Systems(CFINS) Department o f AutomationBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist)Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The adoption and usage of electric vehicles(EVs)have emerged recently due to the increasing concerns on the greenhouse gas issues and energy revolution.As a part of the smart grid,EVs can provide valuable ancillary services beyond consumers of electricity.However,EVs are gradually considered as nonnegligible loads due to their increasing penetration,which may result in negative effects such as voltage deviations,lines saturation,and power losses.Relationship and interaction among EVs,charging stations,and micro grid have to be considered in the next generation of smart grid.Therefore,the topic of smart charging has been the focus of many works where a wide range of control methods have been developed.As one of the bases of simulation,the EV charging behavior and characteristics have also become the focus of many studies.In this work,we review the charging behavior of EVs from the aspects of data,model,and control.We provide the links for most of the data sets reviewed in this work,based on which interested researchers can easily access these data for further investigation.

关键词： Electric vehicle charging behavior data and model

Event-based optimization with random packet dropping

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第11期63卷 175-194页

作者： qing-shan jia Jing-Xian TANG Zhenning LANG Center for Intelligent and Networked Systems Department of AutomationTsinghua University NetEase Inc.

Event-based optimization(EBO) provides a general framework for policy optimization in many discrete event dynamic systems where decision making is triggered by events that represent state transitions with common features. Because the number of events can be defined by the user and usually increases linearly with respect to the system scale, EBO has good potential to address large-scale problems where the state space grows exponentially. However, in many practical systems, sensors are geographically distributed and connected to a central controller through imperfect communication channels. Therefore, events observed by the sensors may not reach the controller. Optimization methods of event-based policies in these cases have not yet been identified. In this paper, we consider this important problem and make three major contributions. First, we formulate a mathematical EBO model in which the communication between sensors and controllers is subject to random packet dropping. Second, we show that this EBO model can be converted to another EBO model with perfect communication. Then, the performance difference equation and the performance derivative equation for event-based policies are straightforward to develop. One gradient-based policy iteration algorithm is developed for problems where the state transition probabilities are explicitly known, while another for problems where they are unknown. Third, the performance of the algorithms and the impact of the packet dropping probability on policy performance are numerically demonstrated on a single-zone occupant level estimation problem in buildings.

关键词： event-based optimization packet dropping discrete event dynamic systems

On distributed event-based optimization for shared economy in cyber-physical energy systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2018年第11期61卷 11-13页

作者： qing-shan jia Junjie WU Center for Intelligent and Networked Systems (CFINS) Department of AutomationBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist)Tsinghua University

Dear editor,In order to accommodate the sharp increase in energy consumption and environmental pollution, it is important to coordinate the supply and the demand. This has become a key feature in a cyberphysical energy system (CPES), where the energy consumer and supplier share information with each other to improve the overall energy efficiency and therefore to reduce the environmental pollution.Shared economy has risen sharply across the globe and becomes an effective model to improve the efficiency in an investment. Examples include but are

关键词： Figure EBO On distributed event-based optimization for shared economy in cyber-physical energy systems

Matching Uncertain Renewable Supply with Electric Vehicle Charging Demand-A Bi-Level Event-Based Optimization Method

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Complex System Modeling and Simulation 2021年第1期1卷 33-44页

作者： Teng Long qing-shan jia shan jia are with the Center For Intelligent and Networked Systems(CFINS) Department of AutomationBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist)Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China.

The matching between dynamic supply of renewable power generation and flexible charging demand ofthe Electric Vehicles (EVs) can not only increase the penetration of renewables but also reduce the load to the stateelectric power grid. The challenges herein are the curse of dimensionality, the multiple decision making stagesinvolved, and the uncertainty of both the supply and demand sides. Event-Based Optimization (EBO) provides a newway to solve large-scale Markov decision process. Considering different spatial scales, we develop a bi-level EBOmodel in this paper which can both catch the changes on the macro and micro levels. By proper definition, the sizeof event space stays fixed with the scale of the problem, which shows good scalability in online optimization. Then abi-level Q-learning method is developed to solve the problem iteratively. We demonstrate the performance of themethod by numerical examples. Our method outperforms other methods both in performance and scalability.

关键词： electric vehicle event-based optimization cyber physical energy system

Cyber-physical model for efficient and secured operation of CPES or energy Internet

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2018年第11期61卷 5-7页

作者： Xiaohong GUAN Zhanbo XU qing-shan jia Kun LIU Yadong ZHOU Ministry of Education Key Lab for Intelligent Networks and Network Security Xi'an Jiaotong University Center for Intelligent and Networked Systems Department of AutomationBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) Tsinghua University

Dear editor,Global energy and environmental crisis is one of the most serious issues on the sustainable development of human society in the 21st century. Making full use of renewable energy sources is one of the most effective ways to resolve the energy and environmental problems. However, we are facing the serious challenges due to the uncertain natures of the renewable energy sources.

关键词： In

Remanufacturing planning based on constrained ordinal optimization

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Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China 2011年第3期6卷 443-452页

作者： Chen SONG Xiaohong GUAN Qianchuan ZHAO qing-shan jia Ubiquitous Energy Research Center ENN Research and Development CorporationLangfang 065001China Center for Intelligent and Networked Systems Department of AutomationTNLISTTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering(SKLMS Lab)and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Intelligent Network and Network Security(MOE KLINNS Lab) Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Resource planning for a remanufacturing system is in general extremely difficult in terms of problem size,uncertainties,complicated constraints,etc.In this paper,we present a new method based on constrained ordinal optimization(COO)for remanufacturing planning.The key idea of our method is to estimate the feasibility of plans by machine learning and to select a subset with the estimated feasibility based on the procedure of horse racing with feasibility model(HRFM).Numerical testing shows that our method is efficient and effective for selecting good plans with high probability.It is thus a scalable optimization method for large scale remanufacturing planning problems with complicated stochastic constraints.

关键词： remanufacturing systems constrained ordinal optimization(COO) simulation-based optimization machine learning

Significantly Enhanced Melt Memory Effect of Metallocene-made Isotactic Polypropylene Containing Talc

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第2期42卷 213-222,I0008页

作者： Hong-Wen Sun Fu-shan Wang Yan Gao Fu-qing Wei jia-Chun Feng State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China Lanzhou Petrochemical Corporation of PetroChina Lanzhou730060China Lanzhou Petrochemical Research Center Petrochemical Research Institute of PetroChinaLanzhou730060China

The melt memory effect is a widely observed phenomenon in semi-crystalline polymers. In practical applications, various additives are usually introduced into polymers, which may affect their melt memory behavior. In this work, the effect of talc on the melt memory effect of metallocene-made isotactic polypropylene(M-PP) was investigated in detail by using the differential scanning calorimetry. The results indicated that the introduction of talc significantly strengthened the melt memory effect of M-PP. Specifically, the upper limit temperature of Domain II increased from 161 ℃ to 174 ℃, resulting in a substantial widening of the temperature range of Domain IIa from 1 ℃ to 14 ℃. Analysis of the crystal orientation of the M-PP containing talc cooled from various Ts suggested that the remarkably enhanced melt memory effect could be ascribed to the stabilization of oriented nuclei facilitated by talc. This stabilizing effect was likely attributable to the prefreezing effect or the sorption interaction between talc and the M-PP chains.

关键词： Metallocene-made isotactic polypropylene Talc Melt memory effect Crystal orientation

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Interfacial reaction between AZ91D magnesium alloy melt and mild steel under high temperature

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China Foundry 2024年第2期21卷 159-167页

作者： jia-hong Dai jian-yue Zhang Bin jiang Xiang-jun Xu Zhong-tao jiang Hong-mei Xie qing-shan Yang Guo-qing Zhang College of Materials Science and Engineering Yangtze Normal UniversityChongqing 408100China National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Jiulongyuan High-tech Industry Group Co. Ltd.Chongqing 400080China Loncin Industry Co. Ltd.Chongqing 400080China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Chongqing Key Laboratory of Materials Surface&Interface Science Chongqing University of Arts and SciencesChongqing 402160China School of Metallurgy and Material Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China

The metallurgical quality control of magnesium(Mg)and Mg alloys in melting process is required to ensure a satisfied mechanical and corrosion performance,while the typical used steel crucible introduces impurities and interfacial interaction during melting process.Therefore,a systematic study about impurities diffusion and interfacial interaction between molten Mg and steel is necessary.In the present study,the interfacial reaction between molten AZ91D Mg alloy and mild steel during melting process was investigated with the melting temperatures of 700℃,750℃ and 800℃.The results show that Al(Fe,Mn)intermetallic layer is the intermetallic primarily formed at the interfaces of AZ91D melt and mild steel.Meanwhile,Al_(8)(Mn,Fe)5is indexed between Al(Fe,Mn)and AZ91D.AlFe_(3)C appears between the mild steel and Al(Fe,Mn)at 700℃ and 750℃,but absent at 800℃ due to the increased solubility of carbon in Mg matrix.It is found that the growth of the intermetallic layer is controlled by diffusion mechanism,and Al and Mn are the dominant diffusing species in the whole interfacial reaction process.By measuring the thickness of different layers,the growth constant was calculated.It increases from 1.89(±0.03)×10^(-12)m^(2)·s^(-1)at 700℃ to 3.05(±0.05)×10^(-12)m^(2)·s^(-1)at 750℃,and 5.18(±0.05)×10^(-12)m^(2)·s^(-1)at 800℃.Meanwhile,the content of Fe is linearly increased in AZ91D with the increase of holding time at 700℃ and 750℃,while it shows a significantly increment after holding for 8 h at 800℃,indicating holding temperature is more crucial to determine the Fe content of AZ91D than holding time.

关键词： AZ91D mild steel interface reaction intermetallic growth kinetics

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Game Theoretical Control of Service Rates in Closed Jackson Networks

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Game Theoretical Control of Service Rates in Closed Jackson ...