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Mendelian randomization analysis:the causal relationship between statins and eye diseases

Medical Data Mining 2024年第4期7卷 34-40页

作者： Lian-Tai Song Jia-Meng Wei Hao-Ting Jia Feng-Yi Zhang qing-fang deng Yi-Xiao Wang Huai-Zhi Qin Qian Xu Basic Medical College Chengde Medical UniversityChengde 067000China Department of Biochemistry Chengde Medical UniversityChengde 067000China

Background:The specific role of statins in the field of ophthalmology is not *** have the advantages of pleiotropic,relatively safety and low cost,and are a promising choice for the prevention and management of eye ***,there is a divergence of findings regarding the correlation between statin treatment and ocular ***,our intention is to investigate the impact of statins on eye conditions through the utilization of Mendelian randomization(MR).Methods:The UK Biobank provided data on five statins,while the FinnGen database provided data on six eye diseases,including age-related macular degeneration,glaucoma,diabetic retinopathy,senile cataract,drug-induced cataract,and other *** exploration involved the utilization of various methods including inverse variance weighted(IVW),weighted median,weighted multivariate(weighted mode),and MR-Egger *** assess the reliability of the findings,funnel analysis,MR-Egger regression,leave-one-out method,and Cochran’s Q test were ***,reverse MR analysis was performed to evaluate the potential for reverse causality between statin use and eye ***:Based on IVW analysis,there were three pairs of positive results with significant(P<0.05)causal relationship,including atorvastatin and drug-induced cataract(odds ratio(OR)=1.65E-05,95%confidence interval(CI):2.24E-09–0.12;P_(IVW)=0.02),rosuvastatin and drug-induced cataract(OR=2.77E-18,95%CI:7.53E-35–0.1;P_(IVW)=0.04)and fluvastatin with senile cataract(OR=0.5,95%CI:0.25–0.99;P_(IVW)=0.05).No significant causal relationship was observed between other types of statins and eye *** analysis found that the results were *** MR analysis indicated no evidence of reverse causality between statin use and the examined eye ***:Our study finally verified the strong causal relationship between three drugs and two diseases(atorvastatin and rosuvastatin and drug cataract

关键词： Mendel randomization statins eye diseases

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New Insights on Gamma-Ray Burst Radiation Mechanisms from Multiwavelength Observations

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年第2期25卷 3-12页

作者： Yu-Hua Yao fang-Sheng Min Shi Chen Yi-qing Guo College of Physics Chongqing University Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wisconsin Ice Cube Particle Astrophysics Center University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan University Tianfu Cosmic Ray Research Center

The study of high-energy gamma-ray emission from gamma-ray bursts(GRBs) involves complex synchrotron radiation and synchrotron self-Compton(SSC) scattering mechanisms with multiple parameters exhibiting a wide distribution. Recent advancements in GRB research, particularly the observation of very high energy(VHE,>100 Ge V) radiation, have ushered in a new era of multiwavelength exploration, offering fresh perspectives and limitations for understanding GRB radiation mechanisms. This study aimed to leverage VHE observations to refine constraints on synchrotron + SSC radiation from electrons accelerated by forward shocks. By analyzing two external environments—the uniform interstellar medium and stratified stellar wind medium, we conducted spectral and variability fitting for five specific bursts(GRB 180720B, GRB 190114C, GRB 190829A, GRB 201216C, and GRB 221009A) to identify the optimal parameters characterizing these events. A comparative analysis of model parameter distributions with and without VHE radiation observations reveals that the magnetic energy equipartition factor εBis more concentrated with VHE emissions. This suggests that VHE emissions may offer greater constraints on this microphysical parameter. Additionally, we found that the energy budget between VHE and ke V–Me V γ-ray emissions under the SSC radiation exhibits an almost linear relationship, which may serve as a tool to differentiate radiation mechanisms. We anticipate future statistical analyses of additional VHE bursts to validate our findings.

关键词： (transients:) gamma-ray bursts gamma-rays: ISM radiation mechanisms: non-thermal

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Ordered Mesoporous Graphitic Carbon Nitride Materials for CO2 Capture

Ordered Mesoporous Graphitic Carbon Nitride Materials for CO...

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第十六届全国分子筛大会

作者： qing-fang deng Xiu-Zhen Lin Lei Liu Zhong-Yong Yuan Institute of New Catalytic Materials Science Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry （Ministry of Education） College of Chemistry Nankai University

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The ethics of theft:Reevaluating the impacts of floral larceny on plant reproductive success

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Plant Diversity 2025年第1期47卷 148-158页

作者： Jin-Ru Zhong Xiao-fang Jin Michael C.Orr Xiao-qing Li Yong-deng He Sheng-Wei Wang qing-Feng Wang Chun-Feng Yang Zhong-Ming Ye College of Life Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Entomologie Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde StuttgartStuttgart 70191Germany Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China

Plants and their interaction partners offer unparalleled views of evolutionary *** larceny,entailing nectar extraction without pollinating,is thought to be an example of a harmful,antagonistic behavior,but the precise consequences of floral larceny on plant reproductive success remain *** conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of 153 studies across 120 plant species,using 14 moderators to assess the effects of floral larceny on plant reproductive success and examine the key *** found that floral larceny negatively impacts flower traits,pollinator visitation,pollen deposition,and fruit set,while having a neutral effect on critical female fitness indicators,such as seed set and seed quality,as well as on male *** altering pollinator behavior,floral larceny may reduce geitonogamy,potentially enhancing genetic ***,factors such as pollinator type,plant mating system,and pollen limitation were identified as key moderators of these *** analysis reveals an ultimately neutral effect of floral larceny on plant reproductive success,with potential benefits in certain *** findings suggest that floral larceny plays a complex and multifaceted role within plant-pollinator interactions,facilitating the evolutionary stability and coexistence of floral larcenists and host plants.

关键词： Floral larceny Nectar robbing Nectar thief Plant-pollinator interactions Plant reproductive success Indirect effects

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Ballistic response mechanism and resistance-driven evaluation method of UHMWPE composite

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第2期44卷 1-16页

作者： Yemao He Johnny qing Zhou Yanan Jiao Hongshuai Lei Zeang Zhao Daining fang Beijing Key Laboratory of Lightweight Multi-functional Composite Materials and Structures Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Protech New Material Science Co. Ltd.Beijing 102200China School of Textile Science and Engineering Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composite Materials Ministry of EducationInstitute of Textile Composite MaterialsTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China

The use of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)composite in the design of lightweight protective equipment,has gained a lot of ***,there is an urgent need to understand the ballistic response mechanism and theoretical prediction model of *** paper explores the ballistic response mechanism of UHMWPE composite through experimental and simulation ***,a resistance-driven modeling method was proposed to establish a theoretical model for predicting the bulletproof *** ballistic response mechanism of UHMWPE composite encompassed three fundamental modes:local response,structural response,and coupled *** occurrence ratio of these fundamental response modes during impact was dependent on the projectile velocity and laminate *** bulletproof performance of laminate under different response modes was assessed based on the penetration depth of the projectile,the bulging height on the rear face of the laminate,the thickness of remaining sub-laminate,and residual velocity of the *** absolute deviations of bulletproof performance indicator between theoretical value and experimental value were well within 11.13%,demonstrating that the established evaluation model possessed high degree of prediction accuracy.

关键词： UHMWPE composite Ballistic response mechanism Theoretical model Performance evaluation

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Isobaric enzymatic assays reveal depth-dependent variation in microbial ectoenzyme activities in the deepest ocean on Earth

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 185-194页

作者： Junwei CAO Jiahua WANG Hongge ZHANG Junhao deng Binbin PAN Jiawang CHEN Li ZHANG Jiasong fang College of Oceanography and Ecological Science Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China Ocean College Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan316000China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao266237China

Microbial ectoenzymes play essential roles in the transformation and mineralization of organic matter in the ***,conventional methods for measuring microbial ectoenzyme activities(MEAs)in the deep ocean under atmospheric conditions can misrepresent the metabolic activities of indigenous microbial *** overcome this limitation,we measured the activities of three microbial ectoenzymes(aminopeptidase,α-glucosidase,andβ-glucosidase)under both atmospheric and in situ pressure conditions in seawater collected using pressure-retaining and non-pressure-retaining samplers in the Challenger Deep,Mariana *** the case of aminopeptidase andα-glucosidase,the highest isobaric MEAs were observed in the surface layer(50 m),followed by those at abyssopelagic depths(4,000–6,000 m)for aminopeptidase,hadal realm(10,903 m)forα-glucosidase,whileβ-glucosidase activity exhibited the highest value at 10,903 ***,the isobaric MEAs in hadal waters were commonly found to be higher than the decompressed counterparts,highlighting the importance of pressure-retaining sampling and isobaric enzymatic *** half-saturation constant(K_(m))showed a general decreasing trend with depth,suggesting that the deep ocean microbes might have adapted to the high-pressure and oligotrophic environment by increasing their ectoenzyme's affinity to ***,particle-free MEAs contribute more to the total MEAs in the deep ocean than particle-associated MEAs,suggesting the significance of cell-associated and dissolved ectoenzymes in ocean *** study provides a foundation for future investigations of MEAs in the ocean and has important implications for understanding the dynamics of microbially mediated biogeochemical cycling in marine ecosystems.

关键词： Pressure-retaining sampling Microbial ectoenzyme activity Deep-sea microbes High pressure Mariana Trench

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Hyperbranched Poly(α-aminonitrile)s Constructed via Catalyst-Free Multicomponent Polymerization of Trialdehydes,Diamines and Trimethylsilyl Cyanide

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2025年第2期43卷 341-349页

作者： Tian-Yu Cheng Jian-qing Ding Yu-Xin Tong Jun-Guo fang Jia Wang School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Anhui Polytechnic UniversityWuhu241000China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan523808China

Functional hyperbranched polymers,as an important class of materials,are widely applied in diverse ***,the development of simple and efficient reactions to prepare hyperbranched polymers is of great *** this work,trialdehydes,diamines,and trimethylsilyl cyanide could easily undergo multicomponent polymerization under mild conditions,producing hyperbranched poly(α-aminonitrile)s with high molecular weights(M_(w) up to 4.87×10^(4))in good yields(up to 85%).The hyperbranched poly(α-aminonitrile)s have good solubility in commonly used organic solvents,high thermal stability as well as morphological ***,due to the numerous aldehyde groups in their branched chains,these hb-poly(α-aminonitrile)s can undergo one-pot,two-step,four-component post-polymerization with high *** work not only confirms the efficiency of our established catalyst-free multicomponent polymerization of aldehydes,amines and trimethylsilyl cyanide,but also provides a versatile and powerful platform for the preparation of functional hyperbranched polymeric materials.

关键词： Catalyst-free Multicomponent polymerization Hyperbranched polymer Post-polymerization

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Energy Efficient Dual User Association for Large Scale IRS-Aided mmWave Communication Networks

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China Communications 2025年第1期22卷 182-195页

作者： Chen Guolin deng Yiqin Huang Xiaoxia fang Yuguang School of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China Department of Computer Science City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

The deployment of multiple intelligent reflecting surfaces(IRSs)in blockage-prone millimeter wave(mmWave)communication networks have garnered considerable attention *** the remarkably low circuit power consumption per IRS element,the aggregate energy consumption becomes substantial if all elements of an IRS are turned on given a considerable number of IRSs,resulting in lower overall energy efficiency(EE).To tackle this challenge,we propose a flexible and efficient approach that individually controls the status of each IRS ***,the network EE is maximized by jointly optimizing the associations of base stations(BSs)and user equipments(UEs),transmit beamforming,phase shifts of IRS elements,and the associations of individual IRS elements and *** problem is efficiently addressed in two ***,the Gale-Shapley algorithm is applied for BS-UE association,followed by a block coordinate descent-based algorithm that iteratively solves the subproblems related to active beamforming,phase shifts,and element-UE *** reduce the tremendous dimensionality of optimization variables introduced by element-UE associations in large-scale IRS networks,we introduce an efficient algorithm to solve the associations between IRS elements and *** results show that the proposed elementwise control scheme improves EE by 34.24% compared to the network with IRS-all-on scheme.

关键词： energy efficiency intelligent reflecting surface,millimeter-wave communication

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Trinuclear gold-catalyzed site-selective alkylation of peptides

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 249-256页

作者： qing-Yun fang Chengyihan Gu Yinghan Chen Wencheng Yan Yong Liang Weipeng Li Chengjian Zhu Jie Han Jin Xie State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic MaterialsChemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center(ChemBIC)School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Green Catalysis Center College of ChemistryZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 211198China

Selective modification of peptides has always been a challenging *** selective alkylation of peptides can alter the biological activity and physical properties of molecules,and it has gained significant research *** herein disclose an intriguing gold-catalyzed alkylation of peptides using bench-stable unactivated alkyl bromides under photoredox catalysis.A wide range of structurally diverse primary,secondary and tertiary alkyl bromides serve as effective coupling partners to precisely connect with theα-C(sp^(3))–H in glycine residue of *** protocol demonstrates an exceptionally broad scope for alkyl halides and excellent tolerance for a wide range of useful functional groups.A series of relay transformations to construct cyclic peptides,to proceed click reaction and to realize peptide fluorescence labeling further enhance its synthetic *** addition,mechanistic studies and density functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal an inner-sphere and subsequent outersphere single electron transfer(SET)mechanism.

关键词： gold catalysis peptide alkylation C-C coupling radical

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In situ seed layer bandgap engineering leading to the conduction band offset reversion and efficient Sb2Se3 solar cells with high open-circuit voltage

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 201-212页

作者： Yanting Jiang Weiyu Wang Zhirong Chen Zhenyu fang Qiqiang Zhu Qiao Zheng Jionghua Wu Hui deng Weihuang Wang Shuying Cheng Fuzhou University Institute of Micronano Devices & Solar Cells College of Physics & Information Engineering Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Photovoltaic Science and Engineering

Sb2Se3solar cells have achieved a power conversion efficiency（PCE） of over 10%.However,the serious open-circuit voltage deficit(VOC-deificit),induced by the hard-to-control crystal orientation and heterojunction interface reaction,limits the PCE of vapor transport deposition（VTD） processed Sb2Se3solar *** overcome the VOC-deficit problem of VTD processed Sb2Se3solar cells,herein,an in-situ bandgap regulation strategy is innovatively proposed to prepare a wide band gap Sb2（S,Se）3seed layer（WBSL） at CdS/Sb2Se3heterojunction interface to improve the PCE of Sb2Se3solar *** analysis results show that the introduced Sb2（S,Se）3seed layer can enhance the [001] orientation of Sb2Se3thin films,broaden the band gap of heterojunction interface,and realize a "Spike-like" conduction band alignment withΔEc=0.11 *** addition,thanks to the suppressed CdS/Sb2Se3interface reaction after WBSL application,the depletion region width of Sb2Se3solar cells is widened,and the quality of CdS/Sb2Se3interface and the carrier transporting performance of Sb2Se3solar cells are significantly improved as ***,the harmful Se vacancy defects near the front interface of Sb2Se3solar cells can be greatly diminished by ***,the PCE of Sb2Se3solar cells is improved from 7.0% to 7.6%;meanwhile the VOCis increased to 466 mV which is the highest value for the VTD derived Sb2Se3solar *** work will provide a valuable reference for the interface and orientation regulation of antimony-based chalcogenide solar cells.

关键词： Band gap alignment Carrier transport Crystal orientation Open circuit voltage deficit Seed-layer

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