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Multi-layer hierarchical cellulose nanofibers/carbon nanotubes/vinasse activated carbon composite materials for supercapacitors and electromagnetic interference shielding

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 904-912页

作者： Tianxu Wang Chuanyin Xiong Yongkang Zhang Bo Wang qing Xiong Mengjie Zhao Yonghao Ni College of Bioresources Chemical&Materials engineering Shaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710021China Department of Chemical and biomedical engineering The University of MaineOronoME 04469USA University of New Brunswick Limerick Pulp&Paper CtrFrederictonNB E3B 5A3Canada

Developing porous self-supporting electrodes with excellent conductivity,good mechanical properties,and high electrochemical activity is crucial for constructing electrode materials with lightweight,ultra-thin,flexible,and high capacitance performance.In this work,we prepared a cellulose nanofibers(CNFs)/carbon nanotubes(CNTs)/vinasse activated carbon(VAC)(CCV)composite material with a multi-layer hierarchical conductive structure through simple vacuum filtration and freeze-drying.In this composite material,the self-assembly of CNF provides the main skeleton structure of a multi-layer hierarchical structure.CNT provides a fast path for the rapid transfer of electrons and is beneficial for the loss of electromagnetic waves.VAC provides sufficient double layer performance.The synergistic effect of the above three endows CCV composite materials with excellent energy storage performance and electromagnetic interference(eMI)shielding performance.In addition,we endowed the CCV composite with a certain shape and performance by introducing a vitrimer polymer with a dynamic cross-linked network structure.In summary,thanks to the synergistic effect of various components in the multi-layer hierarchical structure,CCV composite materials exhibit excellent integration performance,especially stable energy storage performance and eMI shielding performance.These significant properties make CCV composite materials have great application prospects in the fields of energy storage and intelligent eMI shielding.

关键词： self-supporting electrodes multi-layer hierarchical structure supercapacitors electromagnetic interference shielding

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异质性研发与“生产率困境”——基于政府支持和市场化的调节效应

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软科学 2024年第3期38卷 61-69页

作者：张美莎邸勍冯涛长安大学马克思主义学院西安710054 西安交通大学经济与金融学院西安710061

基于工业2001—2020年“行业-地区-年份”三维面板数据实证检验,研究如何通过政府精准支持和市场化手段破解“生产率困境”,结果发现:(1)基础研究有助于促进TFP提升,但存在较长的时滞性;应用研究对TFP提升具有抑制作用;(2)政府支持力度... 详细信息

基于工业2001—2020年“行业-地区-年份”三维面板数据实证检验,研究如何通过政府精准支持和市场化手段破解“生产率困境”,结果发现:(1)基础研究有助于促进TFP提升,但存在较长的时滞性;应用研究对TFP提升具有抑制作用;(2)政府支持力度达到一定水平时,有助于更好地发挥基础研究对TFP的促进作用;合理范围内的政府支持有助于减弱应用研究对TFP的抑制作用,过度支持则会强化应用研究对TFP的抑制作用;(3)市场化程度的提高对基础研究与TFP的关系无显著影响,但有助于缓解应用研究对TFP的抑制效应。

关键词：基础研究应用研究政府支持市场化程度全要素生产率

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Comparison of various prediction models in the effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Chinese population 5 years after surgery

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第3期137卷 320-328页

作者： Chengyuan Yu Liang Wang Guangzhong Xu Guanyang Chen qing Sang Qiqige Wuyun Zheng Wang Chenxu Tian Nengwei Zhang Surgery Centre of Diabetes Mellitus Peking University Ninth School of Clinical MedicineBeijing 100038China Department of Surgery Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038China

Background:The effect of bariatric surgery on type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)control can be assessed based on predictive models of T2DM remission.Various models have been externally verified internationally.However,long-term validated results after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG)surgery are lacking.The best model for the Chinese population is also unknown.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed Chinese population data 5 years after LSG at Beijing Shijitan Hospital in China between March 2009 and December 2016.The independent t-test,Mann–Whitney U test,and chi-squared test were used to compare characteristics between T2DM remission and non-remission groups.We evaluated the predictive efficacy of each model for longterm T2DM remission after LSG by calculating the area under the curve(AUC),sensitivity,specificity,Youden index,positive predictive value(PPV),negative predictive value(NPV),and predicted-to-observed ratio,and performed calibration using Hosmer–Lemeshow test for 11 prediction models.Results:We enrolled 108 patients,including 44(40.7%)men,with a mean age of 35.5 years.The mean body mass index was 40.3±9.1 kg/m^(2),the percentage of excess weight loss(%eWL)was(75.9±30.4)%,and the percentage of total weight loss(%TWL)was(29.1±10.6)%.The mean glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)level was(7.3±1.8)%preoperatively and decreased to(5.9±1.0)%5 years after LSG.The 5-year postoperative complete and partial remission rates of T2DM were 50.9%[55/108]and 27.8%[30/108],respectively.Six models,i.e.,"ABCD",individualized metabolic surgery(IMS),advanced-DiaRem,DiaBetter,Dixon et al’s regression model,and Panunzi et al’s regression model,showed a good discrimination ability(all AUC>0.8).The"ABCD"(sensitivity,74%;specificity,80%;AUC,0.82[95%confidence interval[CI]:0.74–0.89]),IMS(sensitivity,78%;specificity,84%;AUC,0.82[95%CI:0.73–0.89]),and Panunzi et al’s regression models(sensitivity,78%;specificity,91%;AUC,0.86[95%CI:0.78–0.92])showed good discernibility.In the Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test,except for DiaRem(P<0.01),Di

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Risk prediction models external validation Sleeve gastrectomy Bariatric surgery

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Phase transfer-based high-efficiency recycling of precious metal electrocatalysts

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Green Chemical engineering 2024年第1期5卷 68-74页

作者： qing Zeng shaonan Tian Yu Zhang Hui Liu Dong Chen Xinlong Tian Chaoquan Hu Jun Yang State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine ChemistrySchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyHainan UniversityHaikou570228China Nanjing IPe Institute of Green Manufacturing Industry Nanjing211100China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

Recycling precious metals with high-efficiency is undoubtedly beneficial to optimize resource utilization for environmental remediation and sustainable development.Herein,we report an efficient route to recycle the palladium(Pd)and platinum(Pt)electrocatalysts using a phase transfer method.This strategy involves acidic dissolution of deactivated precious metal(Pd/Pt)electrocatalysts from their loading substrates,mixing with an ethanolic solution of dodecylamine(DDA),subsequent extraction of metal ions into a non-polar organic phase,and final reduction by sodium borohydride to reproduce high-performance electrocatalysts towards typical electrochemical reactions,e.g.,oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and ethanol oxidation reaction(eOR).In specific,the transfer efficiencies are up to 98%and the final recovery rate is over 85%for Pd and Pt electrocatalysts in each cycle.This approach symbolizes a facile and efficient way to recover precious metals,which might be applied to recycling a wide range of metals in various realms after appropriate modifications.

关键词： Precious metal Phase transfer extraction Recovery electrocatalyst

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合成MRI定量参数区分三阴性与非三阴性乳腺癌的价值

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中国临床医学影像杂志 2024年第2期35卷 90-95页

作者：李芹李方正于海童吴莎莎牛庆亮潍坊市中医院影像中心山东潍坊261041 潍坊医学院影像学院山东潍坊262100

目的:探讨合成MRI定量参数区分三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)与非TNBC的价值。方法:回顾性收集经病理证实的186例乳腺病变患者,术前均完成乳腺常规与合成MRI检查。采用ICC和Bland-Altman图分析不同观察者获得合成MRI定量参数的一致性。单、多因素l... 详细信息

目的:探讨合成MRI定量参数区分三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)与非TNBC的价值。方法:回顾性收集经病理证实的186例乳腺病变患者,术前均完成乳腺常规与合成MRI检查。采用ICC和Bland-Altman图分析不同观察者获得合成MRI定量参数的一致性。单、多因素logistic回归分析合成MRI定量参数区分TNBC与非TNBC的价值,并绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),计算曲线下面积(AUC)及敏感度、特异度。结果:基于3D-ROI获得的T_(1)、T_(2)和PD值的一致性ICC_(3D)(0.994、0.996和0.989)优于2D-ROI (0.848、0.850、0.898)。T_(1)-均值、T_(2)-均值联合模型区分TNBC与Luminal A型乳腺癌ROC曲线的AUC值为0.79(95%CI:0.65~0.88),敏感度为56.67%,特异度为88.00%。T_(2)-均值区分TNBC与Luminal B型乳腺癌ROC曲线的AUC值为0.74(95%CI:0.64~0.82),敏感度为63.66%,特异度为80.88%。PD-均值区分TNBC与HeR2过表达型乳腺癌ROC曲线的AUC值为0.70(95%CI:0.55~0.82),敏感度为80.00%,特异度为55.00%。结论:不同观察者基于3D-ROI获得的合成MRI定量参数的可重复性高于2D-ROI;合成MRI定量参数可以为区分TNBC与非TNBC提供帮助。

关键词：乳腺肿瘤磁共振成像

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斜发沸石对干湿交替条件下水稻产量和氮素累积的影响

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植物营养与肥料学报 2024年第5期30卷 922-933页

作者：赵清沙炎王术陈涛涛迟道才沈阳农业大学水利学院辽宁沈阳110866 东北农业大学水利与土木工程学院黑龙江哈尔滨150030 沈阳农业大学农学院辽宁沈阳110866 沈阳农业大学国家生物炭研究院辽宁沈阳110866 农业农村部生物炭与土壤改良重点实验室辽宁沈阳110866

【目的】斜发沸石作为一种优良的土壤改良剂,因其具有改善土壤养分、提高水稻产量、减少氮素流失等积极作用而广泛用于水稻生产中。通过田间定位试验,探究干湿交替灌溉条件下斜发沸石对水稻氮素吸收利用和产量的长期影响。【方法】在201... 详细信息

【目的】斜发沸石作为一种优良的土壤改良剂,因其具有改善土壤养分、提高水稻产量、减少氮素流失等积极作用而广泛用于水稻生产中。通过田间定位试验,探究干湿交替灌溉条件下斜发沸石对水稻氮素吸收利用和产量的长期影响。【方法】在2017—2021年连续5年进行原位大田试验。试验设计为随机区组试验,设置常规淹灌条件下不施斜发沸石(I_(CF)Z_(0)),干湿交替灌溉下不施斜发沸石(I_(AWD)Z_(0))和干湿交替灌溉下施加10 t/hm^(2)斜发沸石(I_(AWD)Z_(10))3个处理,斜发沸石于2017年施入土壤,之后4年(2018—2021)不再施用。水稻生育期内定期取0—30 cm土壤样品用于测定无机氮含量,每年水稻成熟期,调查籽粒产量量及主要产量构成因子,计算地上部氮累积量、氮肥偏生产力。【结果】I_(CF)Z_(0)和I_(AWD)Z_(0)处理的水稻产量、地上部氮累积量和氮肥偏生产力差异均不显著。与I_(CF)Z_(0)和I_(AWD)Z_(0)处理相比,I_(AWD)Z_(10)处理连续5年均显著提高了地上部氮累积量和产量,但增长率随定位试验的延长有所下降。I_(AWD)Z_(10)处理氮肥偏生产力较I_(CF)Z_(0)和I_(AWD)Z_(0)处理分别增加了9.67~13.44和5.53~9.55 kg/kg,产量分别增加了1.26~2.42和1.00~1.72 t/hm^(2)。与I_(AWD)Z_(0)相比,I_(AWD)Z_(10)处理地上部干物质累积量在拔节孕穗期、抽穗开花期、乳熟期和成熟期分别增加了20.96%~31.24%、16.89%~30.44%、17.87%~25.45%和13.43%~21.12%,地上部氮累积量分别增加了19.92%~47.14%、14.90%~43.88%、21.68%~31.37%和7.18%~30.27%。I_(AWD)Z_(0)与I_(CF)Z_(0)处理土壤无机氮含量差异不显著,I_(AWD)Z_(10)处理土壤无机氮含量最高,较I_(AWD)Z_(0)处理增加了19.88%~40.96%。在分蘖—穗肥阶段,5年间I_(AWD)Z_(10)处理的土壤NH_(4)^(+)-N含量较I_(CF)Z_(0)和I_(AWD)Z_(0)处理分别增加了31.83%~48.84%和28.35%~52.80%。I_(AWD)Z_(0)和I_(CF)Z_(0)处理收获后土壤全氮含量差异不显著,I_(AWD)Z_(10)较I_(CF)Z_(0)处理显著提高了收获期土壤全氮含量,提升幅度为9.27%~11.41%,这表明随着时间的延长,斜发沸石并不会对土壤养分产生负面影响,反而对土壤养分具有长期改善的作用。【结论】在干湿交替灌溉条件下,一次性施用斜发沸石可连续多年提高水稻生育期土壤铵态氮含量、增加土壤全氮,进而促进水稻氮吸收,提高氮肥偏生产力和产量。因此,斜发沸石可用于新型灌溉技术下提高水稻产量,实现稻田可持续利用。

关键词：斜发沸石氮干湿交替灌溉水稻产量

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Gamma/Hadron Separation Method for the HADAR experiment

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 70-74页

作者： Yang-Zhao Ren Tian-Lu Chen You-Liang Feng Dan-Zeng Luo-Bu Yi-qing Guo Cheng Liu Qi Gao Mao-Yuan Liu Xiang-Li Qian Ya-Ping Wang Zi-Hao Zhang Xin-Long Li qing-Yuan Hou Heng-Jiao Liu qing-Qian Zhou shan-Jie Shu The Key Laboratory of Cosmic Rays(Tibet University) Ministry of EducationLhasa 850000China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Intelligent engineering Shandong Management University

Ground-based arrays of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes(IACTs)are the most sensitiveγ-ray detectors for energies of approximately 100 Ge V and above.One such IACT is the High Altitude Detection of Astronomical Radiation(HADAR)experiment,which uses a large aperture refractive water lens system to capture atmospheric Cherenkov photons(i.e.,the imaging atmospheric Cherenkov technique).The telescope array has a low threshold energy and large field of view,and can continuously scan the area of the sky being observed,which is conducive to monitoring and promptly responding to transient phenomena.The process ofγ-hadron separation is essential in very-high-energy(>30 Ge V)γ-ray astronomy and is a key factor for the successful utilization of IACTs.In this study,Monte Carlo simulations were carried out to model the response of cosmic rays within the HADAR detectors.By analyzing the Hillas parameters and the distance between the event core and the telescope,the distinction between air showers initiated byγ-rays and those initiated by cosmic rays was determined.Additionally,a Quality Factor was introduced to assess the telescope’s ability to suppress the background and to provide a more effective characterization of its performance.

关键词： astroparticle physics-telescopes-methods data analysis

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基于扎根理论的老年人健康养老需求调查研究

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中国健康教育 2024年第4期40卷 326-329页

作者：龙鑫沙莎郭清陈子姚杨鑫鑫杭州师范大学公共卫生学院浙江杭州311121 成都中医药大学养生康复学院四川成都611130 浙江中医药大学健康管理研究所浙江杭州310000

目的调查中国四川省老年人健康养老需求,为养老政策制定提供参考依据。方法于2022年7-8月在四川省选取42名老年人进行半结构化访谈,基于质性研究中的扎根理论,运用NVivo 12软件对访谈材料进行编码分析。结果参与调查老年人共42名,对访... 详细信息

目的调查中国四川省老年人健康养老需求,为养老政策制定提供参考依据。方法于2022年7-8月在四川省选取42名老年人进行半结构化访谈,基于质性研究中的扎根理论,运用NVivo 12软件对访谈材料进行编码分析。结果参与调查老年人共42名,对访谈资料进行分析和编码,最终得出68个初始概念、26个范畴,10个主范畴和4个核心范畴,据此建立了老年人健康养老需求模型。老年人健康养老需求模型包括生存型需求、享乐型需求、发展型需求和经济支持4个维度。结论四川省老年人健康养老需求更加多样,主要包括生存型需求、享乐型需求、发展型需求和经济支持。在需求变化的过程中,社会的应对策略也应做出及时的调整和布局,充分保障此类需求的有效供给,最大限度满足老年人的实际需求。

关键词：老年人健康养老需求扎根理论

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One-step conversion of methane and formaldehyde to ethanol over SA-FLP dual-active-site catalysts: A DFT study

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 544-548页

作者： Tao Ban Xi-Yang Yu Hai-Kuo Tian Zheng-qing Huang Chun-Ran Chang shaanxi Key Laboratory of energy Chemical Process Intensification School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China shaanxi Key Laboratory of Low Metamorphic Coal Clean Utilization School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringYulin UniversityYulin 719000China

One-step conversion of methane and formaldehyde into ethanol is a 100% atom-efficient process for carbon resources utilization and environment protection but still faces eminent challenges due to the lacking of efficient catalysts. Therefore, developing active and stable catalysts is crucial for the co-conversion of methane and formaldehyde. Herein, twelve kinds of “Single-Atom”-“Frustrated Lewis Pair”(SA-FLP)dual-active-site catalysts are designed for the direct conversion of methane and formaldehyde to ethanol based on density functional theory(DFT) calculations and microkinetic simulations. The results show that the SA-FLP dual active sites can simultaneously activate methane at the SA site and activate formaldehyde at the FLP site. Among the twelve designed SA-FLP catalysts, Fe1-FLP shows the best performance in the co-conversion of methane and formaldehyde to ethanol with the rate-determining barrier of 1.15 e V.ethanol is proved as the main product with the turnover frequency of 1.32 × 10^(-4)s^(-1)at 573 K and 3 bar.This work provides a universal strategy to design dual active sites on metal oxide materials and offers new insights into the effective conversion of methane and formaldehyde to desired C_(2) chemicals.

关键词： Single-atom Frustrated Lewis pairs Methane conversion Dual active sites ethanol synthesis

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Molecular surface functionalization of In_(2)O_(3) to tune interfacial microenvironment for enhanced catalytic performance of CO_(2) electroreduction

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1242-1250页

作者： Suwen WangQiang GaoCui Xu Shuai Jiang Mengyang Zhang Xianjun Yin Hui-qing Peng Bin Liu Yu-Fei Song State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource engineering Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringCollege of ChemistryBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

Indium-based materials(e.g.,In_(2)O_(3))are a class of promising non-noble metal-based catalysts for electroreduction of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)).However,competitive hydrogen reduction reaction(HeR)on indium-based catalysts hampers CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)process.We herein tune the interfacial microenvironment of In_(2)O_(3) through chemical graft of alkyl phosphoric acid molecules using a facile solution-processed strategy for the first time,which is distinguished from other researches that tailor intrinsic activity of In_(2)O_(3) themselves.The surface functionalization of alkyl phosphoric acids over In_(2)O_(3) is demonstrated to remarkably boost CO_(2) conversion.For example,octadecylphosphonic acid modified In_(2)O_(3) exhibits Faraday efficiency for H_(2) H_(2) H_(2)(Fe)of as low as 6.6%and FeHCOOH of 86.5%at-0.67 V vs.RHe,which are far superior to parent In_(2)O_(3) counterparts(Fe of 24.0%and FeHCOOH of 63.1%).Moreover,the enhancing effect of alkyl phosphoric acid functionalization is found to be closely related to the length of alkyl chains.By virtue of comprehensive experimental characterizations and molecular dynamics simulations,it is revealed that the modification of alkyl phosphoric acids significantly alters the interface microenvironment of the electrocatalyst,which changes the electrocatalyst surface from hydrophilic and aerophobic to hydrophobic and aerophilic.In this case,the water molecules are pushed away and more CO_(2) molecules are trapped,increasing local CO_(2) concentration at In_(2)O_(3) active sites,thus leading to the significantly enhanced CO_(2)RR and suppressed HeR.This work highlights the importance of regulating the interfacial microenvironment of inorganic catalysts by molecular surface functionalization as a means for promoting the electrochemical performance in electrosynthesis and beyond.

关键词： carbon dioxide(CO_(2))electroreduction interfacial microenvironment molecular surface functionalization In_(2)O_(3)catalyst water and CO_(2)diffusion

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