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基于差分卷积的弱光照车牌图像增强

武汉大学学报（信息科学版） 2024年第5期49卷 709-714页

作者：杨云飞汪家明吴疆程起敏王宇清华大学计算机科学与技术系北京100084 武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室湖北武汉430079 中科控股集团科学技术有限公司北京100081 华中科技大学电子信息与通信学院湖北武汉430074

车牌识别作为现代化智能交通系统中重要的环节,对提升路网效率以及缓解城市交通压力等问题具有重要的社会意义,然而弱光照车牌图像识别仍然具有重大的挑战。构建了一个基于差分卷积神经网络的弱光照车牌图像增强网络,将车牌的纹理信息... 详细信息

车牌识别作为现代化智能交通系统中重要的环节,对提升路网效率以及缓解城市交通压力等问题具有重要的社会意义,然而弱光照车牌图像识别仍然具有重大的挑战。构建了一个基于差分卷积神经网络的弱光照车牌图像增强网络,将车牌的纹理信息解耦为水平垂直和对角线两个方向,对不同尺度空间的低照度图像进行纹理增强。为了避免增强结果局部过曝或低曝,该方法使用YCbCr颜色空间的损失函数来优化模型。图像增强实验结果表明,所提出的方法较传统的低照度图像增强方法相比,图像客观质量结果峰值信噪比提升了0.47 dB。同时,在仿真车牌和真实场景的车牌识别实验结果也证明了所提算法对于低照度图像感知质量提升的有效性。

关键词：低照度增强差分卷积车牌识别

Immune-tumor interaction dictates spatially directed evolution of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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National Science Review 2024年第05期 170-185页

作者： Yong zh.u Shanlan Mo Heyang Cui Ruifang Sun Weimin zhang Xiaofei zhuang Enwei Xu Hongyi Li Yikun Cheng Yongsheng Meng Meilin Liu Ting Yan Huijuan Liu Ling zhang Bin Yang Yanfeng Xi Shubin Wang Xiaolong Cheng Shuai Cheng Li zhihua Liu qimin zhan zheng Hu Yongping Cui Cancer Institute Department of Pathology Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen Peking University-the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(PKU-HKUST) Medical Center Institute of Cancer ResearchShenzhen Bay Laboratory Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology of the Ministry of Education Department of Pathology Shanxi Medical University City university of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Tumor Biobank Shanxi Province Cancer HospitalShanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesCancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education/Beijing) Laboratory of Molecular Oncology Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute Research unit of Molecular Cancer Research Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Thoracic Surgery Shanxi Province Cancer HospitalShanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesCancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University Department of Pathology Shanxi Province Cancer HospitalShanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesCancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University College of Letters & Science University of California Berkeley State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma（ESCC） is a poor-prognostic cancer type with extensive intra-and inter-patient heterogeneity in both genomic variations and tumor microenvironment（TME）. However, the patterns and drivers of spatial genomic and microenvironmental heterogeneity of ESCC remain largely unknown. Here, we generated a spatial multi-omic atlas by whole-exome, transcriptome, and methylome sequencing of 507 tumor samples from 103 patients. We identified a novel tumor suppressor PREX2,accounting for 22% of ESCCs with frequent somatic mutations or hyper-methylation, which promoted migration and invasion of ESCC cells in vitro. Analysis of the TME and quantification of subclonal expansion indicated that ESCCs undergo spatially directed evolution, where subclones mostly originated from the tumor center but had a biased clonal expansion to the upper direction of the ***, we found upper regions of ESCCs often underwent stronger immunoediting with increased selective fitness, suggesting more stringent immune selection. In addition, distinct TMEs were associated with variable genomic and clinical outcomes. Among them, hot TME was associated with high immune evasion and subclonal heterogeneity. We also found that immunoediting, instead of CD8+T cell abundance, acts as an independent prognostic factor of ESCCs. Importantly, we found significant heterogeneity in previously considered potential therapeutic targets, as well as BRCAness characteristics in a subset of patients, emphasizing the importance of focusing on heterogeneity in ESCC targeted ***, these findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of the spatial evolution of ESCC and inform precision therapeutic strategies.

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复杂型面结构超声成像检测研究进展

仪器仪表学报 2024年第6期45卷 42-53页

作者：曹欢庆朱启民赵培含何梓科郭师峰中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院深圳市智慧传感与系统检测重点实验室深圳518055 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院广东省机器人与智能系统重点实验室深圳518055 中国科学院大学北京100049 南方科技大学深圳518055 医学成像科学与技术系统中国科学院(全国)重点实验室深圳518055

工程结构普遍具有复杂型面,而且此类区域是制造和服役阶段损伤甚至失效的高发区。超声无损检测是评估结构制造质量和服役安全性的重要手段,但复杂型面给超声检测带来了声耦合困难、随形扫描控制难、超声入射/接收难、超声传播行为复杂... 详细信息

工程结构普遍具有复杂型面,而且此类区域是制造和服役阶段损伤甚至失效的高发区。超声无损检测是评估结构制造质量和服役安全性的重要手段,但复杂型面给超声检测带来了声耦合困难、随形扫描控制难、超声入射/接收难、超声传播行为复杂等挑战。本文分别从超声耦合策略、超声换能器、随形扫描控制、复杂型面轮廓重建、成像算法、复杂型面与材料复杂耦合的影响几大方面,概述了现有研究已取得的重要进展。最后探讨了复杂型面超声成像检测研究仍面临的挑战以及未来发展趋势,包括超复杂型面三维异形结构检测、高柔性二维阵列超声换能器、以及同时考虑宏/微观结构和材料自身声学特性的影响改进超声成像算法。

关键词：复杂型面超声成像柔性阵列超声换能器表面轮廓重建信号后处理

Data-driven material discovery for photocatalysis:a short review

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Journal of Semiconductors 2018年第7期39卷 1-10页

作者： Jinbo Pan qimin Yan Department of Physics Temple University

In this short review, we introduce recent progress in the research field of data-driven material discovery and design for solar fuel generation. Construction of material databases under the materials genome initiative provides a great platform for material discovery and design by creating computational screening pipelines based on the materials＇ descriptors. In the field of solar water splitting, data-driven computational discovery approach has been effective in making material predictions. When combined with synergistic and complimentary experimental efforts, high-throughput computations based on density functional theory showed great predictive power for accelerated discovery of inorganic compounds as functional materials for solar fuel generation. As an example, we introduce the theory-experiment joint discovery of a large set of metal oxide photoanode materials that have been theoretically predicted to be efficient candidates and soon verified by synergistic experimental fabrication and characterization processes. In the field of two-dimensional materials, the application of data-driven approach has realized the prediction of many promising candidates with suitable direct band gaps and optimal band edges for the generation of chemical fuels from sunlight, greatly expanding the number of theoretically predicted 2 D photoelectrocatalysts that are awaiting experimental verification. We discuss the challenges for the continued discovery and design of novel bulk and 2 D compounds for photocatalysis via a data-driven approach. At the end of this review,we provide a brief outlook for future material discoveries in the field of solar fuel generation.

关键词： photocatalysis density functional theory two-dimensional materials

Multi-Attention Fusion and Fine-Grained Alignment for Bidirectional Image-Sentence Retrieval in Remote Sensing

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第8期9卷 1532-1535页

作者： qimin Cheng Yuzhuo zh.u Haiyan Huang zhongyuan Wang School of Electronic Information and Communications Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote SensingWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China School of Computer Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China

Dear editor,Cross-modal retrieval in remote sensing(RS) data has inspired increasing enthusiasm due to its merit in flexible input and efficient query. In this letter, we address to establish semantic relationship bet... 详细信息

关键词： editor Remote Image

u-Net: A deep-learning method for improving summer precipitation forecasts in China

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2023年第4期16卷 8-14页

作者： qimin Deng Peirong Lu Shuyun zhao Naiming Yuan Department of Atmospheric Science CMA-CUG Joint Centre for Severe Weather and Climate and Hydro-geological HazardsChina University of GeosciencesWuhanChina School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhaiChina

本研究应用了名为u-Net的深度学习方法来提高中国夏季(6–8月)降水的预报技能,预报时段为1981–2020年,预报提前期为一个月.将位势高度场,土壤湿度,海平面气压,海表面温度,海洋盐度和青藏高原积雪等变量作为模型输入,本文对美国NCAR气... 详细信息

本研究应用了名为u-Net的深度学习方法来提高中国夏季(6–8月)降水的预报技能,预报时段为1981–2020年,预报提前期为一个月.将位势高度场,土壤湿度,海平面气压,海表面温度,海洋盐度和青藏高原积雪等变量作为模型输入,本文对美国NCAR气候预报系统第2版(CFSv2)的季节性预报结果进行了修正.结果显示,在验证集和测试集上,u-Net平均将原CFSv2预测的均方根误差分别减少了49.7%和42.7%.预报结果改善最大的地区是中国的西北,西南和东南地区.然而,同号率和时空相关系数没有得到明显改善,但仍与CFSv2的预测技巧持平.敏感性实验表明,土壤湿度是预测中国夏季降雨的最关键因素,其次是位势高度场.本研究显示了u-Net模型在训练小样本数据集方面的优势,为我国汛期季节性降雨预测提供了一种有效的深度学习方法.

关键词：汛期降水 u-Net 次季节预报深度学习

Borf-1 protein identified as a transcriptional trans-activator of bovine foamy virus

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第11期44卷 1017-1021页

作者： Jiajian Liu Shuhong Liu qimin Chen Yunqi Geng Nankai univ Coll Life Sci Tianjin 300071 Peoples R China

Bovine foamy virus (BFV), a member of the spumavirus subfamily of retroviruses,contains two open reading frames (ORF-1 and ORF-2) in addition to the genes coding for gag,po/and env. Borf-1 protein, encoded by BFV ORF-1, is identified as a transcriptional transactivator, which augments gene expression directed by the viral long terminal repeat (LTR).Further investigations in transient expression assays reveal that the Borf-1 responsive elements are located in the u3 domain of the LTR, upstream from position -140 ( + 1 represents the transcription initiation site), and the BFV Ru5 region has an inhibitory effect in LTR-directed gene expression.

关键词： bovine foamy virus (BFV )3026 China Strain transcriptional trans-activator transient expression assay.

Two-dimensional MX Dirac materials and quantum spin Hall insulators with tunable electronic and topological properties

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Nano Research 2021年第3期14卷 584-589页

作者： Yan-Fang zhang Jinbo Pan Huta Banjade Jie Yu Hsin Lin Arun Bansil Shixuan Du qimin Yan Institute of Physics&university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Department of Physics Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA19122USA Institute of Physics “Academia Sinica”Taipei11529Taiwan Physics Department Northeastern UniversityBostonMA02115USA

We propose a novel class of two-dimensional(2D)Dirac materials in the MX family(M=Be,Mg,Zn and Cd,X=Cl,Br and I),which exhibit graphene-like band structures with linearly-dispersing Dirac-cone states over large energy scales(0.8–1.8 eV)and ultra-high Fermi velocities comparable to ***-orbit coupling opens sizable topological band gaps so that these compounds can be effectively classified as quantum spin Hall *** electronic and topological properties are found to be highly tunable and amenable to modulation via anion-layer substitution and vertical electric *** structures of several members of the family are shown to host a Van-Hove singularity(VHS)close to the energy of the Dirac *** enhanced density-of-states associated with these VHSs could provide a mechanism for inducing topological *** presence of sizable band gaps,ultra-high carrier mobilities,and small effective masses makes the MX family promising for electronics and spintronics applications.

关键词： two-dimensional Dirac materials density functional theory topological properties

Quantum anomalous Hall effect in two-dimensional magnetic insulator heterojunctions

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 405-412页

作者： Jinbo Pan Jiabin Yu Yan-Fang zhang Shixuan Du Anderson Janotti Chao-Xing Liu qimin Yan Department of Physics Temple UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19122USA Department of Physics The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Condensed Matter Theory Center Department of PhysicsUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100190China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of DelawareDE 19716 WilmingtonUSA

Recent years have witnessed tremendous success in the discovery of topological states of ***,sophisticated theoretical methods in time-reversal-invariant topological phases have been developed,leading to the comprehensive search of crystal database and the prediction of thousands of topological *** contrast,the discovery of magnetic topological phases that break time reversal is still limited to several exemplary materials because the coexistence of magnetism and topological electronic band structure is rare in a single *** overcome this challenge,we propose an alternative approach to realize the quantum anomalous Hall(QAH)effect,a typical example of magnetic topological phase,via engineering two-dimensional(2D)magnetic van der Waals heterojunctions.

关键词： magnetic anomalous effect