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Grain Yield,Biomass Accumulation,and Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics of Rice under Combined Salinity-Drought Stress

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Rice science 2024年第1期31卷 118-128,I0023页

作者： WEI Huanhe GENG Xiaoyu ZHANG Xiang ZHU Wang ZHANG Xubin CHEN Yinglong HUO Zhongyang ZHOU Guisheng MENG Tianyao dai qigen Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Reclamation and Utilization in Coastal Areas the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Development/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety the Ministry of Education of ChinaYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Simultaneous stresses of salinity and drought often coincide during rice-growing seasons in saline lands,primarily due to insufficient water resources and inadequate irrigation ***,combined salinity-drought stress poses a major threat to rice *** this study,two salinity levels(NS,non-salinity;HS,high salinity)along with three drought treatments(CC,control condition;DJ,drought stress imposed at jointing;DH,drought stress imposed at heading)were performed to investigate their combined influences on leaf photosynthetic characteristics,biomass accumulation,and rice yield ***,drought,and their combination led to a shortened growth period from heading to maturity,resulting in a reduced overall growth *** yield was reduced under both salinity and drought stress,with a more substantial reduction under the combined salinity-drought *** combined stress imposed at heading caused greater yield losses in rice compared with the stress imposed at ***,the combined salinity-drought stress induced greater decreases in shoot biomass accumulation from heading to maturity,as well as in shoot biomass and nonstructural carbohydrate(NSC)content in the stem at heading and ***,it increased the harvest index and NSC remobilization *** and drought reduced the leaf area index and SPAD value of flag leaves and weakened the leaf photosynthetic characteristics as indicated by lower photosynthetic rates,transpiration rates,and stomatal *** reductions were more pronounced under the combined ***,drought,and especially their combination,decreased the activities of ascorbate peroxidase,catalase,and superoxide dismutase,while increasing the contents of malondialdehyde,hydrogen peroxide,and superoxide *** results indicated a more significant yield loss in rice when subjected to combined salinity-drought *** individual and combined stresses of salinity and dro

关键词： antioxidant defense system combined salinity-drought stress drought stress photosynthetic characteristics rice salinity stress

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Salt Stress Affects the Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by Altering the Antioxidant Machinery and Expression of Hormones and Stress- Specific Genes

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第3期92卷 861-881页

作者： Shahid Hussain Rui Zhang Shuli Liu Yang Wang Irshad Ahmad Yinglong Chen Hongyan Hou qigen dai Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and PhysiologyJiangsu Coinnovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsResearch Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering TechnologyKey Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization(Coastal Saline-Alkali Lands)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsYangzhou UniversityYangzhou225000China Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China Yibang Agriculture Technology Development Co. Ltd.Dongying257000China

Understanding physiological responses in saline agriculture may facilitate wheat breeding *** on a screening test,the Ningmai-14(NM-14)and Yangmai-23(YM-23)wheat cultivars were selected for further experiments to understand the underlying salinity tolerance *** study investigated the effects of five salinity levels such as Control(CK)=0(without NaCl stress),S1=0.20%,S2=0.25%,S3=0.30%and S4=0.35%of NaCl concentrations of soil on wheat *** results showed that increased salinity concentration reduced the growth and yield of wheat cultivars(NM-14 and YM-23).However,YM-23(12.7%)yielded more than NM-14 at maximum salinity *** higher salinity(S4)increased the concentration of Na^(+)(4.3 to 5.8-fold)and P contents(2.5 to 2.2-fold),while reducing the average concentrations of K^(+),Cu,and K^(+)/Na^(+)*** higher salinity(S4)reduced the spikelet length by 21.35%(followed by grain spike−1),and the starch content by 18.81%.In the YM-23 cultivar,higher salinity increased superoxide dismutase(SOD),total antioxidant capacity(TAC),and *** to NM-14,induced expression of TaYUC2,6,and TaGA13ox,20ox genes were recorded in ***,in YM-23 the stress-specific genes such as TaHSP70,90 were enhanced whereas,TaSOS1,2 were ***,our study revealed that salt tolerant cultivars modulate hormonal and antioxidant activities,thus maintaining high growth.

关键词： Salinity wheat hormones K^(+)/Na^(+)ratio growth and yield gene expression

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Reduced nitrogen application rate with dense planting improves rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency: A case study in east China

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The Crop Journal 2021年第4期9卷 954-961页

作者： Huanhe Wei Tianyao Meng Jialin Ge Xubin Zhang Tianyi Shi Enhao Ding Yu Lu Xinyue Li Yuan Tao Yinglong Chen Min Li qigen dai Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety The Ministry of Education of ChinaYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina Rice Research Institute of Guizhou Guiyang 550006GuizhouChina

Dense planting could be a feasible method for reducing nitrogen(N) application rates without compromising rice grain yield in northeast and central China. It is still unclear whether reduced N application with dense planting(RNDP) can achieve higher rice yield and N use efficiency(NUE) in Jiangsu, east China. Three japonica inbred rice(JI) and three indica hybrid rice(IH) cultivars were grown in a field experiment. Their grain yield, NUE, and related traits were compared under two cultivation treatments:conventional high-yielding practice(CHYP) and RNDP. JI showed similar yields under the two treatments,while IH showed lower yield under RNDP than under CHYP, and the partial factor productivity of N and N use efficiency for grain yield increased(P < 0.05) in both JI and IH under RNDP. Compared with CHYP,RNDP reduced spikelets per panicle but increased panicles per m2 and filled-kernel percentage of JI and IH, and JI's kernel weight was increased(P < 0.05) under RNDP. Shoot biomass weight and nonstructural carbohydrate(NSC) content in the stem at heading and maturity of JI and IH were reduced under RNDP, while harvest index and NSC remobilization reserve were increased(P < 0.05) under RNDP, especially for JI. Our results suggest that RNDP could achieve a higher rice grain yield and NUE, particularly for JI, a dominant rice cultivar type in Jiangsu. For JI, the increased panicles per m2, sink-filling efficiency, harvest index, and NSC remobilization after heading under RNDP contributed to a grain yield similar to that under CHYP.

关键词： Japonica inbred rice Grain yield Nitrogen use efficiency Reduced nitrogen rate Dense planting

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Salinity Stress Deteriorates Grain Yield and Increases 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Content in Rice

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Rice science 2024年第4期31卷 371-374,I0015-I0021页

作者： WEI Huanhe MA Weiyi ZHANG Xiang ZUO Boyuan GENG Xiaoyu WANG Lulu ZHU Wang CHEN Yinglong HUO Zhongyang XU Ke MENG Tianyao dai qigen Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Reclamation and Utilization in Coastal Areas the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China/East China Branch of National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety the Ministry of Education of ChinaYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Salinity stress greatly impacts rice grain yield and quality, as well as the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP) content in grains. The present study was conducted with Nanjing 9108(NJ9108, conventional japonica rice) and Wenliangyou 669(WLY669, indica hybrid rice) in the fields with non-salinity(NS), low salinity(LS), and high salinity(HS) stresses in 2021 and 2022.

关键词： salinity Yield erior

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Biochar-mediated Cd accumulation in rice grains through altering chemical forms,subcellular distribution,and physiological characteristics

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 830-843页

作者： Le Chen Lin Guo Qiangqiang Xiong Ping Liao Xueyun Deng Xiaohua Pan Xueming Tan Xiaobing Xie qigen dai Hui Gao Haiyan Wei Yongjun Zeng Hongcheng Zhang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology and Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops and Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Crop PhysiologyEcology and Genetic BreedingJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China

Biochar can change the availability and morphology of soil ***,the influence of biochar on Cd chemical form and subcellular fraction in rice is poorly understood,particularly under different irrigation methods.A pot experiment of biochar application combined with two irrigation methods(continuous flooding and intermittent irrigation,CF and Ⅱ)was *** Cd accumulation,chemical form and subcellular fraction in rice organs and the associated physiological responses were *** significantly reduced soil available Cd(30.85-47.26%and 32.35-52.35%)under CF and Ⅱ but increased the Cd content(30.4-63.88%and 13.03-18.59%)in brown ***,the Cd content in shoots/grains under Ⅱ was higher than that under *** elevated the Cd soluble fraction in roots while lowered the cell wall fraction under both irrigation methods,whereas the opposite result was observed in *** increased water-,ethanol-,and NaCl-extractable Cd in roots meanwhile increased ethanol-extractable Cd in leaves under both irrigation ***,the total amount of water-,ethanol-,and NaCl-extractable Cd in rice roots was higher under Ⅱ than under *** hormones and antioxidant enzymes may also be involved in biochar-mediated Cd accumulation in rice ***,changes in Cd chemical form and subcellular fraction in the root and leaf are the main mechanisms of biochar-induced rice grains Cd accumulation.

关键词： Biochar Rice Cd accumulation Chemical forms Subcellular distribution Endogenous hormone Antioxidant enzyme

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Effect of side deep placement of nitrogen on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of single season late japonica rice

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第6期20卷 1487-1502页

作者： ZHAO Can HUANG Heng QIAN Zi-hui JIANG Heng-xin LIU Guang-ming XU Ke HU Ya-jie dai qigen HUO Zhong-yang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Agricultural College Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China

Side deep placement of nitrogen plays an important role in improving rice yield and nitrogen use *** studies have examined the effects of reducing the times of nitrogen(RTN)application and reducing the nitrogen rate(RNR)of application on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency under side deep placement of nitrogen in paddy ***,a field experiment of RNT and RNR treatments was conducted with nine fertilization modes during the 2018–2019 rice growing seasons in a rice–wheat cropping system of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,*** yield and nitrogen use efficiency were investigated under side deep placement of *** found that under the same nitrogen application rate,the yield of RTN3 increased by 9.64 and 10.18%in rice varieties NJ9108 and NJ5718,respectively,compared with the farmers’fertilizer practices(FFP).The nitrogen accumulation of RTN3 was the highest at heading stage,at 11.30 t ha^(–1)across 2018 and *** the same nitrogen application rate,the N agronomic use efficiency(NAE),N physiological efficiency(NPE)and N recovery efficiency(NRE)of RTN3 were 8.1–21.28%,8.51–41.76%and 0.28–14.52%higher than those of the other fertilization modes,*** led to decreases in SPAD value,leaf area index(LAI),dry matter accumulation,nitrogen accumulation,and nitrogen use *** results suggest that RTN3 increased rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency under the side deep placement of nitrogen,and RNR1 could achieve the goals of saving cost and increasing resource use *** fertilization modes RTN3 and RNR1 both could achieve the dual goals of increasing grain yield and resource use efficiency and thus are worth further application and investigation.

关键词： japonica rice(Oryza sativa L.) fertilization mode side deep placement of nitrogen grain yield nitrogen use efficiency

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Accumulation and utilization of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of irrigated rice cultivars with high productivities and high N use efficiencies

Accumulation and utilization of nitrogen,phosphorus and pota...

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中国作物学会2013年学术年会

作者：李敏 Hongcheng Zhang Xiong Yang Mengjie Ge Qun Ma Haiyan Wei qigen dai Zhongyang Huo Ke Xu Innovation Center of Rice Technology in Yangtze Rice Valley Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou University Rice Research Institute of Guizhou Province

In Jiangsu province,Southeast China,high irrigated rice yields are supported by high nitrogen (N) fertilizer inputs and low fertilizer N use ***,little attention was paid to the cooperative promotion of rice yield and N use efficiency,and accumulation and utilization of N,phosphorus(P) and potassium(K) of the irrigated rice genotype with high yield and high N use efficiency is still *** experiments were conducted in 2010 and *** cultivars with low productivity and low N use efficiency (LPLNE),two cultivars with high productivity and medium N use efficiency(HPMNE) and two cultivars with high productivity and high N use efficiency(HPHNE) separately were grown under their respective optimum N application to achieve maximum attainable *** and utilization of N,P and K as well as their interacting relationships were *** results showed that:(i) Compared with LPLNE,HPMNE and HPHME showed significantly higher N,P,K accumulations in both years.N grain production efficiency(NGPE) and K grain production efficiency(KGPE) were both higher,though P grain production efficiency(PGPE) showed no consistent tendency.(ii)When values were averaged across cultivars and years,in comparison with HPMNE,HPHNE achieved lower total N accumulation by 1.71%,while their N accumulation during the period from heading to maturity was higher by 6.45%.Total P accumulation and total K accumulation increased by 2.46%and 2.82%,respectively,this was mainly attributed to greater accumulation after panicle initiation, especially in the period from heading to *** between N accumulation and P,K accumulation were constantly positive at different growth stages and in different *** results above indicate that decrease of N accumulation before panicle initiation and increase of N,P,K accumulation during the period from heading to maturity may be helpful to combine the high yield and high N use efficiency in rice.

关键词： Rice Yield N use efficiency N,P and K Accumulation

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米饭黏性的自动测量与量化表征

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农业工程学报 2010年第12期26卷 358-362页

作者：高远周骥平魏孝斌姜楠戴其根扬州大学农学院扬州225009 扬州大学机械工程学院扬州225127

对现有米饭黏性测量技术和方法进行了分析,探讨了基于材料特性的米饭黏性测量机理,在此基础上建立了米饭粒黏性自动测量系统,并对黏性的大小采用力变形卸载曲线的平均斜率值来进行量化表征。试验结果表明,该自动测量系统能够分辨出不同... 详细信息

对现有米饭黏性测量技术和方法进行了分析,探讨了基于材料特性的米饭黏性测量机理,在此基础上建立了米饭粒黏性自动测量系统,并对黏性的大小采用力变形卸载曲线的平均斜率值来进行量化表征。试验结果表明,该自动测量系统能够分辨出不同品种米饭粒的黏性差异、同品种米饭粒黏性随时间的变化,测试过程只需3～5s。能够满足对稻米食味品质之一的黏性测量与评价要求,为稻米品质的检测提供了一种便捷、准确的手段与方法。

关键词：黏性自动测量食味控制量化表征

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淮北地区水稻高产机械栽植方式对比

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农业机械学报 2014年第12期45卷 117-125页

作者：许轲常勇张强霍中洋张洪程戴其根扬州大学农业部长江流域稻作技术创新中心扬州225009 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室扬州225009

以杂交粳稻＂甬优2640＂、＂甬优1640＂和常规粳稻＂连粳7号＂、＂徐稻3号＂为试验材料,于2011年和2012年研究了钵苗机插、毯苗机插和直播3种机械栽植方式的秧苗素质、生育进程、光合物质生产、温光利用、产量组成及品质。结果表明,移... 详细信息

以杂交粳稻＂甬优2640＂、＂甬优1640＂和常规粳稻＂连粳7号＂、＂徐稻3号＂为试验材料,于2011年和2012年研究了钵苗机插、毯苗机插和直播3种机械栽植方式的秧苗素质、生育进程、光合物质生产、温光利用、产量组成及品质。结果表明,移栽时钵苗机插方式秧苗素质各项指标显著高于毯苗机插方式。与钵苗机插稻相比,毯苗机插稻、直播稻各生育时期均推迟,全生育期分别缩短8-10 d和20-22 d,全生育期和不同生育阶段的积温、光照时数以及生育中后期群体生长率和净同化率显著降低。钵苗机插方式水稻产量最高,毯苗机插方式次之,直播方式最低,各栽植方式间差异显著;相同栽植方式下杂交粳稻产量显著高于常规粳稻。钵苗机插稻单位面积穗数较少,但每穗粒数和千粒质量显著提高,最终籽粒产量显著增加;杂交粳稻钵苗机插方式产量分别比毯苗机插、直播方式显著提高10.2%和23.4%,常规粳稻分别显著提高5.6%和19.3%;直播水稻的每穗粒数和千粒质量均处于较低水平。钵苗机插方式水稻籽粒品质较好。在淮北地区钵苗机插稻生育期提前,成熟早,提高了温光资源利用率,比毯苗机插和直播方式具有显著的增产优势,可作为优先选择的水稻机械化栽插方式。

关键词：麦茬水稻机械栽植产量形成温光利用

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长期不同施肥方式对麦田杂草群落的影响

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生态学报 2014年第7期34卷 1746-1756页

作者：蒋敏沈明星沈新平戴其根扬州大学农学院/农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室扬州225009 江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所/农业部苏州水稻土生态环境重点野外科学观测试验站苏州215155

以太湖地区农业科学研究所31a的长期肥料定位试验田为材料,分别于2011—2012年小麦苗期、拔节期和收获期进行了杂草群落调查,研究杂草类型与密度的分布、杂草多样性指数的变化,并对杂草种群分布与土壤养分因子进行冗余分析。结果表明:... 详细信息

以太湖地区农业科学研究所31a的长期肥料定位试验田为材料,分别于2011—2012年小麦苗期、拔节期和收获期进行了杂草群落调查,研究杂草类型与密度的分布、杂草多样性指数的变化,并对杂草种群分布与土壤养分因子进行冗余分析。结果表明:小飞蓬、看麦娘、大巢菜、稻槎菜、通泉草是本地区小麦生长期的主要杂草类型;随着小麦的生长以及氮肥、有机肥的施入,杂草密度呈下降趋势;施入有机肥降低了麦季杂草的群落多样性指数,在小麦生长的不同时期均衡施肥的CNPK处理以及不施肥的C0处理的群落各项多样性指数能维持在一个较高的水平。RDA分析显示土壤氮含量以及有机质含量与第一排序轴相关性大,是对杂草分布影响最大的两个土壤养分因子。太湖地区稻麦两熟制条件下,长期有机无机肥料单一或配合投入可显著影响麦田杂草的群落组成,其中氮肥和有机肥的施入能显著降低杂草密度;土壤养分的差异影响田面杂草密度和优势种群,均衡施肥能降低优势杂草种群的优势地位,抑制其发生危害程度,提高农田生态系统的生产力及稳定性。

关键词：长期定位施肥稻麦两熟制麦田杂草群落多样性

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