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产业帮扶机制的社会学研究--以湖南省野猪桥村扶贫产业的发展与转变为例

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中国农村观察 2022年第5期 44-60页

作者：何奇峰北京大学社会学系

脱贫攻坚以来,一些贫困村扶贫产业的发展方向是将产业“做大做强”,但是经过几年的尝试最终呈现多种小规模产业“百花齐放”的局面。本文通过对湖南省江华瑶族自治县野猪桥村扶贫产业的分析发现,其产业发展过程中实际上存在并行的显性... 详细信息

脱贫攻坚以来,一些贫困村扶贫产业的发展方向是将产业“做大做强”,但是经过几年的尝试最终呈现多种小规模产业“百花齐放”的局面。本文通过对湖南省江华瑶族自治县野猪桥村扶贫产业的分析发现,其产业发展过程中实际上存在并行的显性带贫链条与隐性脱贫链条。显性带贫链条是政府政策与资本支持下村庄产业由外力引导的发展路径,而隐性脱贫链条是在村庄内生性、自发性的产业生长过程中形成的。两条链条的交织互动使得村庄产业发展具有了内生性动力,完成了从以“做大做强”为导向到“百花齐放”的转变,最终实现了村民的脱贫致富。产业帮扶不仅要发挥显性带贫链条的作用,还要顺应村庄的社会基础,积极发挥隐性脱贫链条的作用。

关键词：脱贫攻坚产业扶贫帮扶机制社会基础

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谁在务农:特色农业发展中的农民视角

社会发展研究 2023年第1期10卷 207-224,M0007页

作者：何奇峰北京大学社会学系

中国式现代化离不开农业农村现代化。近年来,一些地方政府在寻求农业转型、探索富民增收的过程中大力发展特色农业,却始终受到政策和包括资本配置与劳动力外流在内的市场规律之间张力的限制。本文通过对一个村庄特色农业的案例研究,认... 详细信息

中国式现代化离不开农业农村现代化。近年来,一些地方政府在寻求农业转型、探索富民增收的过程中大力发展特色农业,却始终受到政策和包括资本配置与劳动力外流在内的市场规律之间张力的限制。本文通过对一个村庄特色农业的案例研究,认为纾解张力应当从农民的真实发展需求入手,探索与农民发展需求相契合的现代农业转型路径。在务农劳动力数量和劳动能力不足的现实状况下,小农户的产业规模难以扩大。把小农生产单位作为最基础的一环,通过横向联合嵌入全产业链中,构建“小农户生产、村集体统合、合作社联合、社会力量参与、政府支持”的多级主体协同发展模式,可能是一种立足农民需求的乡村产业发展路径。

关键词：农业现代化特色农业农村劳动力农业资本化

适度规模经营中的劳动力因素——基于中部地区三个水稻种植户的案例研究

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中国农业大学学报（社会科学版） 2021年第6期38卷 17-30页

作者：何奇峰北京大学社会学系

在针对适度规模经营的研究中,经济学家往往关注土地细碎化、技术效率以及机械化程度的影响。但是,随着中国城镇化的推进,农村大量劳动力转移,农业呈现兼业化的趋势,从事农业生产的劳动力结构也发生巨大变化。在此背景下,劳动力因素对适... 详细信息

在针对适度规模经营的研究中,经济学家往往关注土地细碎化、技术效率以及机械化程度的影响。但是,随着中国城镇化的推进,农村大量劳动力转移,农业呈现兼业化的趋势,从事农业生产的劳动力结构也发生巨大变化。在此背景下,劳动力因素对适度规模经营的限制性作用逐渐凸显出来。通过对中部地区三个水稻种植户的案例研究发现,在当前农村劳动力供给不足的背景下,劳动力因素已经对水稻适度规模经营产生了限制作用。其具体表现为,在不能由机械替代劳动力的环节,能够雇佣到的劳动力数量决定了生产规模,而组织管理劳动力的方式是降低生产成本的关键。

关键词：适度规模经营劳动力因素水稻种植半工半耕

TOX deficiency facilitates the differentiation of IL-17A-producingγδT cells to drive autoimmune hepatitis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第10期19卷 1102-1116页

作者： Qifeng He Yijun Lu Wenfang Tian Runqiu Jiang Weiwei Yu Yong Liu Meiling Sun Fei Wang Haitian Zhang Ning Wu Zhongjun Dong Beicheng Sun Department of hepatobiliary Surgery Affiliated Drum Tower HospitalMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina Department of hepatobiliary Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina

The specification of theαβ/γδlineage and the maturation of medullary thymic epithelial cells(mTECs)coordinate central tolerance to self-antigens.However,the mechanisms underlying this biological process remain poorly clarified.here,we report that dual-stage loss of TOX in thymocytes hierarchically impaired mTEC maturation,promoted thymic IL-17A-producingγδT-cell(Tγδ17)lineage commitment,and led to the development of fatal autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)via different mechanisms.Transfer ofγδT cells from TOX-deficient mice reproduced AIH.TOX interacted with and stabilized the TCF1 protein to maintain the balance ofγδT-cell development in thymic progenitors,and overexpression of TCF1 normalizedαβ/γδlineage specification and activation.In addition,TOX expression was downregulated inγδT cells from AIH patients and was inversely correlated with the AIH diagnostic score.Our findings suggest multifaceted roles of TOX in autoimmune control involving mTEC and Tγδ17 development and provide a potential diagnostic marker for AIH.

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis γδT cell IL-17A Immune tolerance TOX

Mild hypothermia combined with neural stem cell transplantation for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: neuroprotective effects of combined therapy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第19期9卷 1745-1752页

作者： Lin Wang Feng Jiang qifeng Li Xiaoguang he Jie Ma Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery Xinhua Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University

Neural stem cell transplantation is a useful treatment for ischemic stroke, but apoptosis often occurs in the hypoxic-ischemic environment of the brain after cell transplantation. In this study, we determined if mild hypothermia （27-28~C） can increase the survival rate of neural stem cells （1.0 x 105/~tL） transplanted into neonatal mice with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Long-term effects on neurological functioning of the mice were also examined. After mild hy- pothermia combined with neural stem cell transplantation, we observed decreased expression levels of inflammatory factor nuclear factor-kappa B and apoptotic factor caspase-3, reduced cerebral infarct volumes, increased survival rate of transplanted cells, and marked improvements in neurological function. Thus, the neuroprotective effects of mild hypothermia combined with neural stem cell transplantation are superior to those of monotherapy. Moreover, our findings suggest that the neuroprotective effects of mild hypothermia combined with neural stem cell transplantation on hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy are achieved by anti-inflammatory and an- ti-apoptotic mechanisms.

关键词： nerve regeneration brain injury hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy neural precursorcells hypothermia neural stem cells cell transplantation hippocampus neuron cell apoptosis astrocytes oligodendrotytes neuroprotection NSFC grants neural regeneration

Downhole Microseismic Source Location Based on a Multi-Dimensional DIRECT Algorithm for Unconventional Oil and Gas Reservoir Exploration

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第3期93卷 718-730页

作者： YIN qifeng TAO Pengfei ZheNG Shuo he Qing AN Yanfei GUO Quanshi School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Sinopec Geophysical Research Institute Nanjing 211103China

Downhole microseismic data has the significant advantages of high signal-to-noise ratio and well-developed P and S waves and the core component of microseismic monitoring is microseismic event location associated with hydraulic fracturing in a relatively high confidence level and accuracy.In this study,we present a multidimensional DIRECT inversion method for microseismic locations and applicability tests over modeling data based on a downhole microseismic monitoring system.Synthetic tests inidcate that the objective function of locations can be defined as a multi-dimensional matrix space by employing the global optimization DIRECT algorithm,because it can be run without the initial value and objective function derivation,and the discretely scattered objective points lead to an expeditious contraction of objective functions in each dimension.This study shows that the DIRECT algorithm can be extensively applied in real downhole microseismic monitoring data from hydraulic fracturing completions.Therefore,the methodology,based on a multidimensional DIRECT algorithm,can provide significant high accuracy and convergent efficiency as well as robust computation for interpretable spatiotemporal microseismic evolution,which is more suitable for real-time processing of a large amount of downhole microseismic monitoring data.

关键词： unconventional oil and gas reservoir downhole microseismic monitoring source location DIRECT algorithm

Tensor Train Random Projection

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第2期134卷 1195-1218页

作者： Yani Feng Kejun Tang Lianxing he Pingqiang Zhou qifeng Liao School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai201210China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518055China Innovation Academy for Microsatellites of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai201210China

This work proposes a Tensor Train Random Projection(TTRP)method for dimension reduction,where pairwise distances can be approximately preserved.Our TTRP is systematically constructed through a Tensor Train(TT)representation with TT-ranks equal to one.Based on the tensor train format,this random projection method can speed up the dimension reduction procedure for high-dimensional datasets and requires fewer storage costs with little loss in accuracy,comparedwith existingmethods.We provide a theoretical analysis of the bias and the variance of TTRP,which shows that this approach is an expected isometric projectionwith bounded variance,and we show that the scaling Rademacher variable is an optimal choice for generating the corresponding TT-cores.Detailed numerical experiments with synthetic datasets and theMNIST dataset are conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of TTRP.

关键词： Tensor Train random projection dimension reduction

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何以为家:分而不散的农民家庭

社会 2024年第1期44卷 149-177页

作者：何奇峰周芯宇中国政法大学社会学院北京大学社会学系

本文以云南省弥村四个农民家庭为例,分析了农民家庭“分而不散”的现象,进而回应“何以为家”的问题,在经验层面对家庭结构固定化的划分和家庭边界进行反思和拓展。研究发现,变化万千的家庭形态只是顺应社会变迁的方式,即当下的家庭形... 详细信息

本文以云南省弥村四个农民家庭为例,分析了农民家庭“分而不散”的现象,进而回应“何以为家”的问题,在经验层面对家庭结构固定化的划分和家庭边界进行反思和拓展。研究发现,变化万千的家庭形态只是顺应社会变迁的方式,即当下的家庭形态是“权宜之计”。一旦农民家庭遭遇重大变故,家庭内部情境或外部条件的突变迫使具有责任的家庭成员在个人生活与经济功能的维度上妥协与改变,矛盾解决的过程表现为个人与家庭关系重新调试以达至新的平衡的过程。本文认为,家庭纵向主轴结构的存续和兴旺始终是目的,构成每个家庭成员最为根本的行动逻辑,这是将农民家庭凝聚在一起而“不散”的力量;而在当前城乡关系下,分散的家庭形态是农民迫于生计不得已而为之。家庭的核心意涵驱动了家庭形态上的分散,而家庭责任伦理跨越空间对分散在各地的家庭成员产生约束性力量。

关键词：城乡关系家庭结构责任伦理家庭形态纵向主轴结构

Hybrid Hierarchical Particle Swarm Optimization with Evolutionary Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1135-1156页

作者： Shasha Zhao Huanwen Yan qifeng Lin Xiangnan Feng he Chen Dengyin Zhang College of Internet of Things Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210003China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Internet of Things Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210003China Tongding Interconnection Information Co. Ltd.Suzhou215000China

Task scheduling plays a key role in effectively managing and allocating computing resources to meet various computing tasks in a cloud computing environment.Short execution time and low load imbalance may be the challenges for some algorithms in resource scheduling scenarios.In this work,the Hierarchical Particle Swarm Optimization-Evolutionary Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm(HPSO-EABC)has been proposed,which hybrids our presented Evolutionary Artificial Bee Colony(EABC),and Hierarchical Particle Swarm Optimization(HPSO)algorithm.The HPSO-EABC algorithm incorporates both the advantages of the HPSO and the EABC algorithm.Comprehensive testing including evaluations of algorithm convergence speed,resource execution time,load balancing,and operational costs has been done.The results indicate that the EABC algorithm exhibits greater parallelism compared to the Artificial Bee Colony algorithm.Compared with the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm,the HPSO algorithmnot only improves the global search capability but also effectively mitigates getting stuck in local optima.As a result,the hybrid HPSO-EABC algorithm demonstrates significant improvements in terms of stability and convergence speed.Moreover,it exhibits enhanced resource scheduling performance in both homogeneous and heterogeneous environments,effectively reducing execution time and cost,which also is verified by the ablation experimental.

关键词： Cloud computing distributed processing evolutionary artificial bee colony algorithm hierarchical particle swarm optimization load balancing