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Mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain and their delicate balance between ACE2 affinity and antibody evasion

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Protein & Cell 2024年第6期15卷 403-418页

作者： Song Xue Yuru Han fan Wu qiao Wang Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS) Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and BiosecurityShanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms and InfectionSchool of Basic Medical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Intensive selection pressure constrains the evolutionary trajectory of SARS-CoV-2 genomes and results in various novel variants with distinct mutation *** mutations,particularly those within the receptor binding domain(RBD)of SARS-CoV-2 spike(S)protein,lead to the functional alteration in both receptor engagement and monoclonal antibody(mAb)***,we review the data of the RBD point mutations possessed by major SARS-CoV-2 variants and discuss their individual effects on ACE2 affinity and immune *** single amino acid substitutions within RBD epitopes crucial for the antibody evasion capacity may conversely weaken ACE2 binding ***,this weakened effect could be largely compensated by specific epistatic mutations,such as N501Y,thus maintaining the overall ACE2 affinity for the spike protein of all major *** predominant direction of SARS-CoV-2 evolution lies neither in promoting ACE2 affinity nor evading mAb neutralization but in maintaining a delicate balance between these two ***,this review interprets how RBD mutations efficiently resist antibody neutralization and meanwhile how the affinity between ACE2 and spike protein is maintained,emphasizing the significance of comprehensive assessment of spike mutations.

关键词： ACE2 affinity maintained

Simultaneous enhancement of red luminescence and thermal stability of a novel red phosphor:A Li+-Eu3+ co-occupied site strategy in BaAl2Ge2O8 lattices

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1846-1854页

作者： Wei Zhang Changjian Wang Xusheng qiao Xianping fan State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Ocean Academy Zhejiang University

The rapid development of phosphor-converted white light emitting diodes（pc-WLEDs） requires new red phosphors with efficient and thermally stable luminescence for high-quality warm-white ***,it is still a challenge to discover red phosphors with facile synthesis,high internal quantum efficiency（IQE）,excellent thermal stability and high color ***,a novel red-emitting Eu3+activated barium dialuminum digermanate（BaAl2Ge3O8,EAGO） phosphor showing strong red emission at 610 nm was *** IQE is improved from 32.91% to 78.84% by employing a charge compensation *** lithium-ion co-dop ed BAGO:Eu3+phosphor exhibits a nearly twofold increase in integral photoluminescence（PL） intensity and the high color purity reaches 94.17%.Impressively,the PL intensity of the BAGO:Eu3+,Li+phosphor drops by only 2.6% at 150℃ of that at room ***,the pc-WLED using the red BAGO:Eu3+,Li+phosphor exhibits white light with the chromaticity coordinate of（0.3515,0.3495）,a high color-rendering index of 92 and a low correlated color temperature of 4746 *** these results manifest that BAGO:Eu3+,Li+phosphor is a suitable red phosphor for nearultraviolet（NUV） chip-based pc-WLEDs.

关键词： Red phosphor Charge compensation High quantum efficiency Excellent thermal stability Rare earths

Acyclic Edge Coloring of 1-planar Graphs without 4-cycles

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第1期40卷 35-44页

作者： Wei-fan Wang Yi-qiao Wang Wan-shun Yang Department of Mathematics Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China School of Management Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing100029China School of Mathematics and Information Science Weifang UniversityWeifang261061China

An acyclic edge coloring of a graph G is a proper edge coloring such that there are no bichromatic cycles in *** acyclic chromatic index χ'α(G) of G is the smallest k such that G has an acyclic edge coloring using k *** was conjectured that every simple graph G with maximum degree Δ has χ'_α(G) ≤Δ+2.A1-planar graph is a graph that can be drawn in the plane so that each edge is crossed by at most one other *** this paper,we show that every 1-planar graph G without 4-cycles has χ'_α(G)≤Δ+22.

关键词： 1-planar graph acyclic edge coloring acyclic chromatic index

Epileptic brain network mechanisms and neuroimaging techniques for the brain network

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2637-2648页

作者： Yi Guo Zhonghua Lin zhen fan Xin Tian Department of Neurology Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Geriatrics Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Chongqing Key Laboratory of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Epilepsy can be defined as a dysfunction of the brain network,and each type of epilepsy involves different brain-network changes that are implicated diffe rently in the control and propagation of interictal or ictal *** more detailed information on brain network alterations can help us to further understand the mechanisms of epilepsy and pave the way for brain network-based precise therapeutic approaches in clinical *** increasing number of advanced neuroimaging techniques and electrophysiological techniques such as diffusion tensor imaging-based fiber tra ctography,diffusion kurtosis imaging-based fiber tractography,fiber ball imagingbased tra ctography,electroencephalography,functional magnetic resonance imaging,magnetoencephalography,positron emission tomography,molecular imaging,and functional ultrasound imaging have been extensively used to delineate epileptic *** this review,we summarize the relevant neuroimaging and neuroelectrophysiological techniques for assessing structural and functional brain networks in patients with epilepsy,and extensively analyze the imaging mechanisms,advantages,limitations,and clinical application ranges of each technique.A greater focus on emerging advanced technologies,new data analysis software,a combination of multiple techniques,and the construction of personalized virtual epilepsy models can provide a theoretical basis to better understand the brain network mechanisms of epilepsy and make surgical decisions.

关键词： electrophysiological techniques epilepsy functional brain network functional magnetic resonance imaging functional near-infrared spectroscopy machine leaning molecular imaging neuroimaging techniques structural brain network virtual epileptic models

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Inspection Routing and Scheduling for Engineering Management

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Engineering 2024年第5期36卷 223-239页

作者： Lu zhen Zhiyuan Yang Gilbert Laporte Wen Yi Tianyi fan School of Management Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Department of Decision Sciences HEC MontréalMontréalQC H3T 2A7Canada School of Management University of BathBath BA27AYUK Department of Building and Real Estate The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Technological advancements in unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have revolutionized various industries,enabling the widespread adoption of UAV-based *** engineering management,UAV-based inspection has emerged as a highly efficient method for identifying hidden risks in high-risk construction environments,surpassing traditional inspection *** on this foundation,this paper delves into the optimization of UAV inspection routing and scheduling,addressing the complexity introduced by factors such as no-fly zones,monitoring-interval time windows,and multiple monitoring *** tackle this challenging problem,we propose a mixed-integer linear programming(MILP)model that optimizes inspection task assignments,monitoring sequence schedules,and charging *** comprehensive consideration of these factors differentiates our problem from conventional vehicle routing problem(VRP),leading to a mathematically intractable model for commercial solvers in the case of large-scale *** overcome this limitation,we design a tailored variable neighborhood search(VNS)metaheuristic,customizing the algorithm to efficiently solve our *** numerical experiments are conducted to validate the efficacy of our proposed algorithm,demonstrating its scalability for both large-scale and real-scale *** experiments and a case study based on an actual engineering project are also conducted,providing valuable insights for engineering managers to enhance inspection work efficiency.

关键词： Engineering management Unmanned aerial vehicle Inspection routing and scheduling optimization Mixed-integer linear programming model Variable neighborhood search metaheuristic

Hydrometallurgical recovery of lithium carbonate and iron phosphate from blended cathode materials of spent lithium-ion battery

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1275-1287页

作者： Shao-Le Song Run-Qing Liu Miao-Miao Sun Ai-Gang zhen fan-zhen Kong Yue Yang School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China Zhejiang Tianneng New Materials Co. Ltd.Huzhou313103China

The recycling of cathode materials from spent lithium-ion battery has attracted extensive attention,but few research have focused on spent blended cathode *** reality,the blended materials of lithium iron phosphate and ternary are widely used in electric vehicles,so it is critical to design an effective recycling *** this study,an efficient method for recovering Li and Fe from the blended cathode materials of spent LiFePO_(4)and LiNi_(x)Co_(y)Mn_(1-x-y)O_(2)batteries is ***,87%A1 was removed by alkali ***,91.65%Li,72.08%Ni,64.6%Co and 71.66%Mn were further separated by selective leaching with H_(2)SO_(4)and H_(2)O_(2).Li,Ni,Co and Mn in solution were recovered in the form of Li_(2)CO_(3)and hydroxide ***,98.38%Fe was leached from the residue by two stage process,and it is recovered as FePO_(4)·2H_(2)O with a purity of 99.5%by *** and P were present in FePO_(4)·2H_(2)O in amounts of 28.34%and 15.98%,***,the drift and control of various components were discussed,and cost-benefit analysis was used to assess the feasibility of potential application.

关键词： Spent lithium-ion battery Blended cathode materials Recovery Lithium carbonate Iron phosphate

Recent advances in promising drugs for primary prevention of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding with cirrhotic portal hypertension

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第1期23卷 4-13页

作者： Ji-Yao Sheng Zi-fan Meng qiao Li Yong-Sheng Yang Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery the Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130041China Jilin Engineering Laboratory for Translational Medicine of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases the Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130041China

Background:Gastroesophageal variceal bleeding is one of the most severe complications of patients with *** primary prevention drugs,including non-selectiveβ-blockers,have effectively reduced the incidence of bleeding,their efficacy is limited due to side effects and related *** recent advances in precision medicine,precise drug treatment provides better treatment *** sources:Literature search was conducted in PubMed,MEDLINE and Web of Science for relevant articles published up to May *** on clinical trials was obtained from https://***/and http://***/.Results:The in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis and advances of portal hypertension has enabled the discovery of multiple molecular targets for promising *** to the site of action,these drugs could be classified into four classes:intrahepatic,extrahepatic,both intrahepatic and extrahepatic targets and *** these classes of drugs offer advantages over traditional treatments in prevention of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhotic portal ***:This review classified and summarized the promising drugs,which prevent gastroesophageal variceal bleeding by targeting specific markers of pathogenesis of portal hypertension,demonstrating the significance of using the precision medicine strategy to discover and develop promising drugs for the primary prevention of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension.

关键词： Cirrhotic portal hypertension Target drug Primary prevention Bleeding

S-scheme regulated Ni_(2)P-NiS/twinned Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S hetero-homojunctions for efficient photocatalytic H_(2)evolution

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 148-157页

作者： Qiqi Zhang zhen Wang Yuhang Song Jun fan Tao Sun Enzhou Liu School of Chemical Engineering/Xi’an Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China

Effective bulk phase and surface charge separation is critical for charge utilization during the photo-catalytic energy conversion *** this work,the ternary Ni_(2)P-NiS/twinned Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S(T-MCS)nanohybrids were successfully constructed via combining Ni_(2)P-NiS with T-MCS solid solution for visible light photocatalytic H_(2)evolution.T-MCS is composed of zinc blende Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S(ZB-MCS)and wurtzite Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S(WZ-MCS)and those two alternatively arranged crystal phases endow T-MCS with excellent bulk phase charge separation performance for the slight energy level difference between ZB-MCS and WZ-MCS.S-scheme carriers transfer route between NiS and T-MCS can accelerate the interfacial charge separation and retain the active electrons and holes,meanwhile,co-catalyst Ni_(2)P as electron receiver and proton reduction center can further optimize the H_(2)evolution reaction kinetics based on the surface Schottky barrier *** above-formed homo-heterojunctions can establish multiple charge transfer channels in the bulk phase of T-MCS and interface of T-MCS and Ni_(2)*** the synergistic effect of twinned homojunction,S-scheme heterojunction,and Schottky barrier,the ternary Ni_(2)P-NiS/T-MCS com-posite manifested an H_(2)production rate of 122.5 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1),which was 1.33,1.24,and 2.58 times higher than those of the NiS/T-MCS(92.4 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1)),Ni_(2)P/T-MCS(98.4 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1)),and T-MCS(47.5 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1)),*** work demonstrates a promising strategy to develop efficient sul-fides photocatalyst toward targeted solar-driven H_(2)evolution through homo-heterojunction engineering.

关键词： Photocatalytic H_(2)evolution Twinned Mn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S Homojunction S-scheme heterojunction Schottky barrier

Using ChatGPT to promote college students’participation in physical activities and its effect on mental health

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 330-333页

作者： Yi-fan Zhang Xin-qiao Liu School of Education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

As one of the most famous large language models,ChatGPT has great potential for application in physical *** can provide personalized exercise plans,a variety of exercise options,and interactive *** integration of ChatGPT into the teaching process can promote college students’participation in physical activities and improve their mental health while expanding the traditional teaching environment and promoting the reform of traditional teaching ***,the application of ChatGPT faces challenges and obstacles in physical *** make full use of ChatGPT in physical education,it can be combined with wearable devices and sports equipment to enhance the efficiency of interactions with *** policies are urgently needed to avoid the improper use of users’data.

关键词： ChatGPT College students Physical education Mental health