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Advances in therapies using mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes for treatment of peripheral nerve injury:state of the art and future perspectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3151-3171页

作者： Fatima Aldali Chunchu deng Mingbo Nie Hong Chen Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

“Peripheral nerve injury”refers to damage or trauma affecting nerves outside the brain and spinal *** nerve injury results in movements or sensation impairments,and represents a serious public health *** severed peripheral nerves have been effectively joined and various therapies have been offered,recovery of sensory or motor functions remains limited,and efficacious therapies for complete repair of a nerve injury remain *** emerging field of mesenchymal stem cells and their exosome-based therapies hold promise for enhancing nerve regeneration and *** stem cells,as large living cells responsive to the environment,secrete various factors and *** latter are nano-sized extracellular vesicles containing bioactive molecules such as proteins,microRNA,and messenger RNA derived from parent mesenchymal stem *** have pivotal roles in cell-to-cell communication and nervous tissue function,offering solutions to changes associated with cell-based *** ongoing investigations,mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome-based therapies are in the exploratory stage.A comprehensive review of the latest preclinical experiments and clinical trials is essential for deep understanding of therapeutic strategies and for facilitating clinical *** review initially explores current investigations of mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in peripheral nerve injury,exploring the underlying ***,it provides an overview of the current status of mesenchymal stem cell and exosomebased therapies in clinical trials,followed by a comparative analysis of therapies utilizing mesenchymal stem cells and ***,the review addresses the limitations and challenges associated with use of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes,offering potential solutions and guiding future directions.

关键词： clinical trials exosome extracellular vesicles mesenchymal stem cells nerve regeneration peripheral nerve injury pre-clinical experiments

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Phase equilibria of Fe_(3)O_(4)-Cr_(2)O_(3)-CaO system:experimental measurements and thermodynamic calculations

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第1期32卷 95-104页

作者： Ao Zhu Chen-ying Shi Pei-yuan Ni Teng-fei deng State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070HubeiChina College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina Key Laboratory of Ecological Metallurgy of Multi-Metal Intergrown Ores of Education Ministry School of MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina

Understanding the phase equilibria of the Fe_(3)O_(4)-Cr_(2)O_(3)-CaO system is essential for the efficient recycling of stainless steel pickling *** isothermal section of this system at 1473 K under oxygen partial pressure of 0.15 Pa was *** experiments on the relevant binary systems were conducted using a combination of equilibrium-quenching techniques,X-ray diffraction,high-resolution transmission electron microscope,and electron probe *** systems were rigorously assessed using the CALPHAD(CALculation of Phase Diagram)method,incorporating the present experimental *** liquid phase was modeled using the ionic two-sublattice model,represented as(Ca^(2+),Cr^(3+),Fe^(2+))P(O_(2)^(-),Va,FeO_(1.5))Q,where Va represents vacancy,and P and Q denote the number of sites on the cation and anion sublattices,*** ensure electroneutrality,the values of P and Q adjust according to the composition of the *** this,the isothermal section of the Fe_(3)O_(4)-Cr_(2)O_(3)-CaO system at 1473 K under the specified oxygen partial pressure was obtained based on the thermodynamic parameters of the binary *** present experimental data and calculation results hold significant implications for the comprehensive recycling of stainless steel pickling sludge.

关键词： Fe_(3)O_(4)-Cr_(2)O_(3)-CaO system Ionic two-sublattice model Phase equilibria CALPHAD

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COMPrompter: reconceptualized segment anything model with multiprompt network for camouflaged object detection

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 189-203页

作者： Xiaoqin ZHANG Zhenni YU Li ZHAO deng-Ping FAN Guobao XIAO Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Informatics for Safety and Emergency Wenzhou University Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (SHENZHEN FUTIAN) College of Computer Science Nankai University School of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University

We rethink the segment anything model(SAM) and propose a novel multiprompt network called COMPrompter for camouflaged object detection(COD). SAM has zero-shot generalization ability beyond other models and can provide an ideal framework for COD. Our network aims to enhance the single prompt strategy in SAM to a multiprompt strategy. To achieve this, we propose an edge gradient extraction module, which generates a mask containing gradient information regarding the boundaries of camouflaged objects. This gradient mask is then used as a novel boundary prompt, enhancing the segmentation process. Thereafter, we design a box-boundary mutual guidance module, which fosters more precise and comprehensive feature extraction via mutual guidance between a boundary prompt and a box prompt. This collaboration enhances the model's ability to accurately detect camouflaged objects. Moreover, we employ the discrete wavelet transform to extract high-frequency features from image embeddings. The high-frequency features serve as a supplementary component to the multiprompt ***, our COMPrompter guides the network to achieve enhanced segmentation results, thereby advancing the development of SAM in terms of COD. Experimental results across COD benchmarks demonstrate that COMPrompter achieves a cutting-edge performance, surpassing the current leading model by an average positive metric of 2.2% in COD10K. In the specific application of COD, the experimental results in polyp segmentation show that our model is superior to top-tier methods as well. The code will be made available at https://***/guobaoxiao/COMPrompter.

关键词： segment anything model camouflaged object detection boundary prompt

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Molecular characteristics of dissolved organic phosphorus in watershed runoff:Coupled influences of land use and precipitation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 387-398页

作者： Zhanyao Shi Yao Du Hongni Liu Yamin deng Yiqun Gan Xianjun Xie State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Source Apportionment and Control of Aquatic Pollution China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China School of Environmental Studies&State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China

Land use and precipitation are two major factors affecting phosphorus(P)pollution of watershed ***,molecular characterization of dissolved organic phosphorus(DOP)in runoff under the joint influences of land use and precipitation remains *** study used Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR-MS)to study the molecular characteristics of DOP in a typical P-polluted watershed with spatially variable land use and *** results showed that low precipitation and intense human activity,including phosphate mining and associated industries,resulted in the accumulation of aliphatic DOP compounds in the upper reaches,characterized by low aromaticity and low biological *** precipitation and widespread agriculture in the middle and lower reaches resulted in highly unsaturated DOP compounds with high biological stability constituting a higher proportion,compared to in the upper ***,under similar precipitation,more aliphatic DOP compounds characterized by lower aromaticity and higher saturation were enriched in the lower reaches due to more influence from urban runoff relative to the middle *** and/or microbial processes did result in changes in the characteristics of DOP compounds during runoff processes due to the prevalence of low molecular weight and low O/C bioavailable aliphatic DOP molecules in the upper reaches,which were increasingly transformed into refractory compounds from the upper tomiddle *** results of this study can increase the understanding of the joint impacts of land use and precipitation on DOP compounds in watershed runoff.

关键词： Watershed runoff DOP FT-ICR MS Land use Precipitation

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Systematic experimental investigation on pressure build-up characteristics of water-jet injection into a molten LBE pool

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2025年第1期36卷 161-174页

作者： Hao-Ran Huang Zi-Jian deng Song-Bai Cheng Jia-Yue Chen Sino‑French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China College of Nuclear Science and Technology Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China

In the scenario of a steam generator tube rupture accident in a lead-cooled fast reactor,secondary circuit subcooled water under high pressure is injected into an ordinary-pressure primary vessel,where a molten lead-based alloy(typically pure lead or lead-bismuth eutectic(LBE))is used as the *** clarify the pressure build-up characteristics under water-jet injection,this study conducted several experiments by injecting pressurized water into a molten LBE pool at Sun Yat-sen *** obtain a further understanding,several new experimental parameters were adopted,including the melt temperature,water subcooling,injection pressure,injection duration,and nozzle *** detailed analyses,it was found that the pressure and temperature during the water-melt interaction exhibited a consistent variation trend with our previous water-droplet injection mode LBE ***,the existence of a steam explosion was confirmed,which typically results in a much stronger pressure *** the non-explosion cases,increasing the injection pressure,melt-pool temperature,nozzle diameter,and water subcooling promoted pressure build-up in the melt ***,a limited enhancement effect was observed when increasing the injection duration,which may be owing to the continually rising pressure in the interaction vessel or the isolation effect of the generated steam *** of whether a steam explosion occurred,the calculated mechanical and kinetic energy conversion efficiencies of the melt were relatively small(not exceeding 4.1%and 0.7%,respectively).Moreover,the range of the conversion efficiency was similar to that of previous water-droplet experiments,although the upper limit of the jet mode was slightly lower.

关键词： Lead-cooled fast reactor Steam generator tube rupture accident Pressure build-up characteristics Experimental study Pressure water-jet injection

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Intra-tumoral bacteria in head and neck cancer: holistic integrative insight

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2025年第02期 113-136页

作者： Yucheng Meng Jiaru deng Weiwei deng Zhijun Sun State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology School & Hospital of Stomatology Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences Wuhan University Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Head Neck Oncology School & Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University

Intra-tumoral bacteria are pivotal in the initiation and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC), exerting a significant influence on tumor cell biology, immune responses, and the tumor microenvironment(TME). Different types and distribution of bacteria threaten the balance of metabolism and the immune environment of tumor cells. Taking advantage of this disrupted homeostasis, intra-tumoral bacteria stimulate the secretion of metabolites or influence specific immune cell types to produce inflammatory or chemokines, thereby influencing the anti-tumor immune response while regulating the level of inflammation and immunosuppression within the TME. Some intra-tumoral bacteria are used as diagnostic and prognostic markers in clinical practice. Based on the unique characteristics of bacteria, the use of engineered bacteria and outer membrane vesicles for drug delivery and biological intervention is a promising new therapeutic strategy. The presence of intra-tumoral bacteria also makes chemoradiotherapy tolerable, resulting in a poor treatment effect. However, due to the immune-related complexity of intra-tumoral bacteria, there may be unexpected effects in immunotherapy. In this review the patterns of intra-tumoral bacteria involvement in HNSCC are discussed, elucidating the dual roles, while exploring the relevance to anti-tumor immune responses in the clinical context and the prospects and limitations of the use of bacteria in targeted therapy.

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Software-defined process-near-memory architecture using 3D hybrid bonding integration

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 366-378页

作者： Anlin XU Chenchen deng Jianfeng ZHU Yao WANG Shaojun WEI Leibo LIU School of Integrated Circuits Tsinghua University Beijing Institution of Tracking and Communication Technology Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University

With the unprecedented explosive growing amount of global data, the development of computing chips, which encounter bottlenecks such as power wall and memory wall, cannot satisfy the demanding requirement. This work proposes a software-defined process-near-memory(SDPNM) computing architecture implemented using 3D hybrid bonding *** software-defined chip architecture, featuring spatial computations and dynamic reconfiguration, innovates in a top-down manner to achieve high energy efficiency while maintaining flexibility after fabrication. The process-near-memory integration further advances the SDNPM chip in a bottom-up way to reduce the energy consumption of data movement while improving the bandwidth. Utilizing a relatively mature fabrication and bonding process can result in feasible solutions for both data-intensive and compute-intensive applications including digital signal processing and artificial intelligence. The logic die is fabricated in the SMIC 40 nm process and the DRAM die is fabricated in the PSMC 25 nm process. The hybrid bonding is implemented by XMC. The experimental results show that the energy efficiency of the proposed SDPNM chip is 33.1× better than the state-of-the-art FPGA ranging from 8.2× to 104.1×.

关键词： software-defined chips process near memory energy efficiency dynamic reconfiguration domain specific

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Experimental Study on Diesel Spray and Flame Asymmetry Characteristics of Dual-Orifice Nozzles for a Medium-Speed Engine

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 303-322页

作者： JU Dehao LIURui ZHENG Liang deng Jiahui ZHANG Wenzheng HUO Jinlu HUANG Li Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute Shanghai 201108China National Key Laboratory of Marine Engine Science and Technology Shanghai 201108China Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering Ministry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The asymmetry of the multi-orifice spray will cause uneven heat load of the marine diesel engine,thereby affecting its working performance and service ***,an in-depth understanding of the spray and flame characteristics of multi-orifice nozzles will guide the optimization of the nozzle structure,needle design and diesel atomization and combustion *** this reason,four groups of dual-orifice nozzles with different hole diameters(0.1-0.55 mm)and mass flow rates covering the typical marine medium-speed diesel injections are designed and customized,and the constant volume chamber(CVC)with high temperature and pressure is used to simulate the actual in-cylinder working conditions of the diesel engine for the spray visualization *** study the asymmetry of the fuel sprays discharged from a diesel injector,the multi-orifice nozzle is simplified as a dual-orifice nozzle in this *** with X-ray Computed Tomography(CT)imaging technology,the influences of the nozzle internal structure on the spray and flame asymmetry are studied in the constructed supercritical *** is found that the asymmetry of the inlet angle and the equivalent length-diameter ratio is positively correlated with the inconsistency of the dual *** an increase in the injection pressure and nozzle diameter,the asymmetry of the dual spray becomes more pronounced,resulting in greater disparities in the ignition delay times and ignition positions of the two ***,the increase in nozzle diameter also leads to combustion instability,resulting in a flame with a serrated *** the increase of ambient temperature,the proportion of liquid phase in the jet decreases and the relative density of spray front decreases.

关键词： dual-orifice nozzle nozzle structure atomization spray flame asymmetry

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Quantum walks advantage on the dihedral group for uniform sampling problem

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2025年第2期77卷 89-100页

作者： Shyam Dhamapurkar Yuhang Dang Saniya Wagh Xiu-Hao deng Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering (SIQSE) Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Mathematics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research International Quantum Academy (SIQA) Futian District

Random walk algorithms are crucial for sampling and approximation problems in statistical physics and theoretical computer *** mixing property is necessary for Markov chains to approach stationary distributions and is facilitated by *** walks show promise for faster mixing times than classical methods but lack universal proof,especially in finite group ***,we investigate the continuous-time quantum walks on Cayley graphs of the dihedral group D2nfor odd n,generated by the smallest inverse closed symmetric *** present a significant finding that,in contrast to the classical mixing time on these Cayley graphs,which typically takes at least order Ω(n2log（1/2■）),the continuous-time quantum walk mixing time on D2nis of order O(n（log n）5log（1/■）),achieving a quadratic improvement over the classical *** paper advances the general understanding of quantum walk mixing on Cayley graphs,highlighting the improved mixing time achieved by continuous-time quantum walks on *** work has potential applications in algorithms for a class of sampling problems based on non-abelian groups.

关键词： continuous time quantum walks Cayley graphs non-abelian groups mixing time

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Disentangling microbial coupled fillers mechanisms for the permeable layer optimization process in multi-soil-layering systems

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 538-549页

作者： Daxin Sun Chuanping Feng Yongheng Zhan Bingbing deng Duoduo Mei Nan Chen Weiwu Hu School of Water Resources and Environment MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental EvolutionChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Journal Center China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

Themulti-soil-layering(MSL)systems is an emerging solution for environmentally-friendly and cost-effective treatment of decentralized rural domestic ***,the role of the seemingly simple permeable layer has been overlooked,potentially holding the breakthroughs or directions to addressing suboptimal nitrogen removal performance in MSL *** this paper,the mechanism among diverse substrates(zeolite,green zeolite and biological ceramsite)coupled microorganisms in different systems(activated bacterial powder and activated sludge)for rural domestic wastewater purification was *** removal efficiencies performed by zeolite coupled with microorganisms within 3 days were 93.8%for COD,97.1%for TP,and 98.8%for NH_(4)^(+)-***,activated sludge showed better nitrification and comprehensive performance than specialized nitrifying bacteria *** attained an impressive 89.4%NH4+-N desorption efficiency,with a substantive fraction of NH_(4)^(+)-N manifesting as exchanged ***-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that aerobic and parthenogenetic anaerobic bacteria dominated the reactor,with anaerobic bacteria conspicuously *** the heterotrophic nitrificationaerobic denitrification(HN-AD)process was significant,with the presence of denitrifying phosphorus-accumulating organisms(DPAOs)for simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus *** study not only raises awareness about the importance of the permeable layer and enhances comprehension of the HN-AD mechanism in MSL systems,but also provides valuable insights for optimizing MSL system construction,operation,and rural domestic wastewater treatment.

关键词： Rural domestic wastewater Multi-soil-layering(MSL)system Heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification(HN-AD) Nitrogen and phosphorus removal Microbial evolution

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