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Cascading multi-segment rupture process of the 2023 Turkish earthquake doublet on a complex fault system revealed by teleseismic P wave back projection method

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Earthquake Science 2024年第2期37卷 158-173页

作者： Bonan Cao Zengxi ge Department of geophysics School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Hebei Hongshan National geophysical Observatory for Thick Sediments and Seismic Hazards Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

In this study,the vertical components of broadband teleseismic P wave data recorded by China Earthquake Network are used to image the rupture processes of the February 6th,2023 Turkish earthquake doublet via back projection analysis.Data in two frequency bands(0.5-2 Hz and 1-3 Hz)are used in the imaging processes.The results show that the rupture of the first event extends about 200 km to the northeast and about 150 km to the southwest,lasting~90 s in total.The southwestern rupture is triggered by the northeastern rupture,demonstrating a sequential bidirectional unilateral rupture pattern.The rupture of the second event extends approximately 80 km in both northeast and west directions,lasting~35 s in total and demonstrates a typical bilateral rupture feature.The cascading ruptures on both sides also reflect the occurrence of selective rupture behaviors on bifurcated faults.In addition,we observe super-shear ruptures on certain fault sections with relatively straight fault structures and sparse aftershocks.

关键词： 2023 Turkish earthquake doublet back projection method cascading segmented rupture process coseismic triggering super-shear ruptures

End-group modulation of phenazine based non-fullerene acceptors for efficient organic solar cells with high open-circuit voltage

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 461-468,I0011页

作者： Yahui Zhang Yafeng Li Ruixiang Peng Yi Qiu Jingyu Shi Zhenyu Chen Jinfeng ge Cuifen Zhang Zheng Tang Ziyi ge School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Zhejiang Business Technology Institute Ningbo 315012ZhejiangChina Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201ZhejiangChina Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China

Phenazine-based non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)have demonstrated great potential in improving the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of organic solar cells(OSCs).Halogenation is known to be an effective strategy for increasing optical absorption,refining energy levels,and improving molecular packing in organic semiconductors.Herein,a series of NFAs(Pz IC-4H,Pz IC-4F,Pz IC-4Cl,Pz IC-2Br)with phenazine as the central core and with/without halogen-substituted(dicyanomethylidene)-indan-1-one(IC)as the electron-accepting end group were synthesized,and the effect of end group matched phenazine central unit on the photovoltaic performance was systematically studied.Synergetic photophysical and morphological analyses revealed that the PM6:Pz IC-4F blend involves efficient exciton dissociation,higher charge collection and transfer rates,better crystallinity,and optimal phase separation.Therefore,OSCs based on PM6:Pz IC-4F as the active layer exhibited a PCE of 16.48%with an open circuit voltage(Voc)and energy loss of 0.880 V and 0.53 e V,respectively.Accordingly,this work demonstrated a promising approach by designing phenazine-based NFAs for achieving high-performance OSCs.

关键词： Organic solar cells Non-fullerene acceptor Phenazine Central core End group

Glaucoma drainage device implantation and cyclophotocoagulation in the management of refractory glaucoma after Descemet-stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第2期17卷 257-264页

作者： Min-Shu Wang Xue-Chuan Dong Mi-Yun Zheng Xiang Fan ge-ge Xiao Jing Hong Ling-Ling Wu Department of Ophthalmology Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Restoration of Damaged Ocular Nerve Beijing 100191China NIMO Ophthalmology Research Institute Beijing 100176China Department of Ophthalmology the First Hospital of PutianTeaching HospitalFujian Medical UniversityPutian 351100Fujian ProvinceChina

AIM:To compare the surgical outcomes of glaucoma drainage device implantation(GDI)and trans-scleral neodymium:YAG cyclophotocoagulation(CPC)in the management of refractory glaucoma after Descemetstripping automated endothelial keratoplasty(DSAEK).METHODS:This retrospective study on observational case series enrolled 29 patients who underwent DSAEK and posterior anti-glaucoma surgery(15 with GDI and 14 with CPC).The main outcome measures were intraocular pressure(IOP),glaucoma surgery success rate(defined as IOP of 6–21 mm Hg without additional anti-glaucoma operation),number of glaucoma medications,endothelial graft status,and best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA).RESULTS:The mean follow-up time was 34.1 and 21.0mo for DSAEK or glaucoma surgeries,both for the GDI and CPC groups.Both groups showed significant IOP reduction after glaucoma surgery.The GDI group presented a significantly higher success rate in IOP control than the CPC group(60%vs 21.4%,P=0.03).Both procedures significantly decreased the number of glaucoma medications(P=0.03).Forty percent and 57%of cases in the GDI and the CPC group,respectively,experienced endothelial graft failure during follow-up(P=0.36).Significantly worse BCVA after surgery was observed in the CPC group but not in the GDI group.CONCLUSION:Both GDI and CPC significantly decrease IOP in eyes with glaucoma after DSAEK.GDI is preferable to CPC in refractory glaucoma cases after DSAEK,as it manifests a significantly higher success rate for IOP control,similar endothelial graft failure rate,and relatively preserves BCVA than CPC.

关键词： glaucoma drainage device implantation cyclophotocoagulation refractory glaucoma Descemetstripping automated endothelial keratoplasty

Secure control and filtering for industrial metaverse

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第2期25卷 179-181页

作者： Qing-Long HAN Derui DING Xiaohua ge School of Science Computing and Engineering TechnologiesSwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourneVIC 3122Australia Department of Control Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

Metaverse can be regarded as a socialized and virtualized cyberspace parallel yet interactive to the real world.Benefiting from the rapid development of cloud computing and digital twins,metaverse is transforming traditional control and filtering para‐digms of industrial automation systems into cyberphysical social systems.Under this scenario,future industrial automation systems could be an integration of real-world ones and virtual twins combined with great computational power within a certain temporal and spatial range.

关键词： interactive filtering Secure

MOF-derived porous graphitic carbon with optimized plateau capacity and rate capability for high performance lithium-ion capacitors

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第2期31卷 395-404页

作者： ge Chu Chaohui Wang Zhewei Yang Lin Qin Xin Fan College of Materials Science&Engineering Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004China Institute of Energy Innovation College of Materials Science and EngineeringTaiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

The development of anode materials with high rate capability and long charge-discharge plateau is the key to improve per-formance of lithium-ion capacitors(LICs).Herein,the porous graphitic carbon(PGC-1300)derived from a new triply interpenetrated co-balt metal-organic framework(Co-MOF)was prepared through the facile and robust carbonization at 1300°C and washing by HCl solu-tion.The as-prepared PGC-1300 featured an optimized graphitization degree and porous framework,which not only contributes to high plateau capacity(105.0 mAh·g^(−1)below 0.2 V at 0.05 A·g^(−1)),but also supplies more convenient pathways for ions and increases the rate capability(128.5 mAh·g^(−1)at 3.2 A·g^(−1)).According to the kinetics analyses,it can be found that diffusion regulated surface induced capa-citive process and Li-ions intercalation process are coexisted for lithium-ion storage.Additionally,LIC PGC-1300//AC constructed with pre-lithiated PGC-1300 anode and activated carbon(AC)cathode exhibited an increased energy density of 102.8 Wh·kg^(−1),a power dens-ity of 6017.1 W·kg^(−1),together with the excellent cyclic stability(91.6%retention after 10000 cycles at 1.0 A·g^(−1)).

关键词： metal-organic framework porous graphitic carbon optimized plateau capacity kinetic analysis lithium-ion capacitor

Energy budget of cold and hot gas-solid fluidized beds through CFD-DEM simulations

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 153-171页

作者： Lei Bi Yunpeng Jiao Chunjiang Liu Jianhua Chen Wei ge School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Direct energy budget is carried out for both cold and hot flow in gas–solid fluidization systems.First,the energy paths are proposed from thermodynamic viewpoints.Energy consumption means total power input to the specific system,and it can be decomposed into energy retention and energy dissipation.Energy retention is the variation of accumulated mechanical energy in the system,and energy dissipation is the energy converted to heat by irreversible processes.Then based on the Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method(CFD-DEM)framework,different energy terms are quantified from the specific flow elements of fluid cells and particles as well as their interactions with the wall.In order to clarify the energy budget,it is important to identify which system is studied:the particle-fluid system or the particle sub-system.For the cold flow,the total energy consumption of the particle sub-system can well indicate the onset of bubbling and turbulent,while the variation of local energy consumption terms can reflect the evolution of heterogeneous structures.For the hot flow,different heat transfer mechanisms are analyzed and the solver is modified to reproduce the experimental results.The impact of the heat transfer mechanisms and heat production on energy consumption is also investigated.The proposed budget method has proven to be energy-conservative and easy to conduct,and it is hopeful to be applied to other multiphase flow systems.

关键词： Energy budget Gas-solid fluidization CFD-DEM Regime transition Heat transfer mechanism

Communication Resource-Efficient Vehicle Platooning Control With Various Spacing Policies

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第2期11卷 362-376页

作者： Xiaohua ge Qing-Long Han Xian-Ming Zhang Derui Ding IEEE School of Science Computing and Engineering TechnologiesSwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourne VIC 3122Australia

Platooning represents one of the key features that connected automated vehicles may possess as it allows multiple automated vehicles to be maneuvered cooperatively with small headways on roads. However, a critical challenge in accomplishing automated vehicle platoons is to deal with the effects of intermittent and sporadic vehicle-to-vehicle data transmissions caused by limited wireless communication resources. This paper addresses the co-design problem of dynamic event-triggered communication scheduling and cooperative adaptive cruise control for a convoy of automated vehicles with diverse spacing policies. The central aim is to achieve automated vehicle platooning under various gap references with desired platoon stability and spacing performance requirements, while simultaneously improving communication efficiency. Toward this aim, a dynamic event-triggered scheduling mechanism is developed such that the intervehicle data transmissions are scheduled dynamically and efficiently over time. Then, a tractable co-design criterion on the existence of both the admissible event-driven cooperative adaptive cruise control law and the desired scheduling mechanism is derived. Finally, comparative simulation results are presented to substantiate the effectiveness and merits of the obtained results.

关键词： Automated vehicles constant time headway spacing constant spacing cooperative adaptive cruise control event-triggered communication vehicle platooning

Single‑cell sequencing reveals the reproductive variations between primiparous and multiparous Hu ewes

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 614-631页

作者： Ting ge Yifan Wen Bo Li Xiaoyu Huang Shaohua Jiang Enping Zhang Key Laboratory of Animal genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Background In the modern sheep production systems,the reproductive performance of ewes determines the economic profitability of farming.Revealing the genetic mechanisms underlying differences in the litter size is important for the selection and breeding of highly prolific ewes.Hu sheep,a high-quality Chinese sheep breed,is known for its high fecundity and is often used as a model to study prolificacy traits.In the current study,animals were divided into two groups according to their delivery rates in three consecutive lambing seasons(namely,the high and low reproductive groups with≥3 lambs and one lamb per season,n=3,respectively).The ewes were slaughtered within 12 h of estrus,and unilateral ovarian tissues were collected and analyzed by 10×genomics single-cell RNA sequencing.Results A total of 5 types of somatic cells were identified and corresponding expression profiles were mapped in the ovaries of each group.Noticeably,the differences in the ovary somatic cell expression profiles between the high and low reproductive groups were mainly clustered in the granulosa cells.Furthermore,four granulosa cell subtypes were identified.geneSwitches analysis revealed that the abundance of JPH1 expression and the reduction of LOC101112291 expression could lead to different evolutionary directions of the granulosa cells.Additionally,the expression levels of FTH1 and FTL in mural granulosa cells of the highly reproductive group were significantly higher.These genes inhibit necroptosis and ferroptosis of mural granulosa cells,which helps prevent follicular atresia.Conclusions This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the high fecundity of Hu sheep.The differences in gene expression profiles,particularly in the granulosa cells,suggest that these cells play a critical role in female prolificacy.The findings also highlight the importance of genes such as JPH1,LOC101112291,FTH1,and FTL in regulating granulosa cell function and follicular development.

关键词： Granulosa cells Hu sheep Lambing number Ovarian somatic cells Single-cell RNA sequencing

Knockout of a rice K5.2 gene increases Ca accumulation in the grain

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第2期66卷 252-264页

作者： Peitong Wang Naoki Yamaji Namiki Mitani-Ueno Jun ge Jian Feng Ma National Key Laboratory of Crop genetics&germplasm Enhancement and Utilization College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Institute of Plant Science and Resources Okayama UniversityKurashiki 710-0046Japan

Rice is a staple food for half of the world’s population,but it is a poor dietary source of calcium(Ca)due to the low concentration.It is an important issue to boost Ca concentration in this grain to improve Ca deficiency risk,but the mechanisms underlying Ca accumulation are poorly understood.Here,we obtained a rice(Oryza sativa)mutant with high shoot Ca accumulation.The mutant exhibited 26%-53% higher Ca in shoots than did wild-type rice(WT)at different Ca supplies.Ca concentration in the xylem sap was 36% higher in the mutant than in the WT.There was no difference in agronomic traits between the WT and mutant,but the mutant showed 25% higher Ca in the polished grain compared with the WT.Map-based cloning combined with a complementation test revealed that the mutant phenotype was caused by an 18-bp deletion of a gene,OsK5.2,belonging to the Shaker-like K+channel family.OsK5.2 was highly expressed in the mature region of the roots and its expression in the roots was not affected by Ca levels,but upregulated by low K.Immunostaining showed that OsK5.2 was mainly expressed in the pericycle of the roots.Taken together,our results revealed a novel role for OsK5.2 in Ca translocation in rice,and will be a good target for Ca biofortification in rice.

关键词： accumulation biofortification calcium OsK5.2 pericycle rice translocation