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Considerations for Optimal Blood Pressure Target of Hypertension

Cardiology Discovery 2023年第3期3卷 183-190页

作者： qianhui ling Jun Cai Hypertension Center Fuwai HospitalState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of ChinaNational Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of ChinaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037China

Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality that has led to a huge public health burden.The optimal target of blood pressure(BP)to prevent cardiovascular complications remains unclear.Based on the results of the Systolic BP Intervention Trial(SPRINT)in 2015,the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines for diagnosis and management of high BP in adults has changed the diagnostic threshold from 140/90 to 130/80 mmHg,and the target BP to 130/80 mmHg for nearly all hypertensive patients diagnosed using the new criteria.However,the findings from the SPRINT trial were to an extent contrasting with the results of previous large randomized controlled trials,namely Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes(ACCORD)and Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes(SPS3).Besides,the 2018 European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension guidelines and the 2018 Chinese guidelines have maintained the conventional threshold and recommended target of 140/90 mmHg for most hypertensive patients.Given the special measurement of BP in the SPRINT trial and using an automated measurement system,the intensive systolic BP target of 120 mmHg provided by the SPRINT trial was not widely adopted.Most recently,the Strategy of BP Intervention in the Elderly Hypertensive Patients(STEP)trial,with a higher systolic BP target of 110 to 130 mmHg in the intensive group,confirmed the benefit and safety of intensive BP control in patients with hypertension,in accordance with the SPRINT trial.Here,the results from randomized controlled trials,meta-analyses,and other observational research studies,have been reviewed to evaluate the optimal target of BP treatment and the threshold of diagnostic criteria for hypertension.

关键词： Hypertension Optimal target Blood pressure Diagnostic criteria

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Association of baseline serum cholesterol with benefits of intensive blood pressure control

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Chinese Medical Journal 2023年第17期136卷 2058-2065页

作者： Xiaoqi Wang Yingqing Feng Li Yang Guohui Zhang Xiaoyuan Tian qianhui ling Jiangshan Tan Jun Cai Department of Cardiology Fuwai HospitalState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100037China Department of Cardiology Guangdong Cardiovascular InstituteGuangdong Provincial People’s HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong 510010China Department of Cardiology Yan’an Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingYunnan 650051China Department of Cardiology Zhenjiang First People’s HospitalZhenjiangJiangsu 212021China

Background:Intensive systolic blood pressure(SBP)control improved outcomes in the Strategy of Blood Pressure Intervention in the Elderly Hypertensive Patients(STEP)trial.Whether baseline serum lipid parameters influence the benefits of intensive SBP control is unclear.Methods:The STEP trial was a randomized controlled trial that compared the effects of intensive(SBP target of 110 to<130 mmHg)and standard(SBP target of 130 to<150 mmHg)SBP control in Chinese patients aged 60 to 80 years with hypertension.The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular disease events.A total of 8283 participants from the STEP study were included in this post hoc analysis to examine whether the effects of the SBP intervention differed by baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(non-HDL-C)concentrations.Results:Regardless of the randomized SBP intervention,baseline LDL-C and non-HDL-C concentrations had a J-shaped association with the hazard of the primary outcome.However,the effects of the intensive SBP intervention on the primary outcome were not influenced by baseline LDL-C level(P for interaction=0.80)and non-HDL-C level(P for interaction=0.95).Adjusted subgroup analysis using tertiles in LDL-C1(hazard ratio[HR],0.77;95%confidence interval[CI],0.52-1.13;P=0.18),LDL-C2(HR,0.81;95%CI,0.55-1.20;P=0.29),and LDL-C3(HR,0.68;95%CI,0.47-0.98;P=0.04)was provided,with an interaction P value of 0.49.Similar results were showed in non-HDL-C1(HR,0.87;95%CI,0.59-1.29;P=0.49),non-HDL-C2(HR,0.70;95%CI,0.48-1.04;P=0.08),and non-HDL-C3(HR,0.67;95%CI,0.47-0.95;P=0.03),with an interaction P-value of 0.47.Conclusion:High baseline serum LDL-C and non-HDL-C concentrations were associated with increased risk of primary cardiovascular disease outcome,but there was no evidence that the benefit of the intensive SBP control differed by baseline LDL-C and non-HDL-C concentrations.Clinical trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov,NCT03015311.

关键词： Blood pressure Cholesterol Hypertension Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol Risk

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Severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a risk factor for developing hypertension from prehypertension

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Chinese Medical Journal 2023年第13期136卷 1591-1597页

作者： Qirui Song qianhui ling Luyun Fan Yue Deng Qiannan Gao Ruixue Yang Shuohua Chen Shouling Wu Jun Cai Hypertension Center Fuwai HospitalState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of ChinaNational Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of ChinaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037China State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of China Fuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of ChinaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100037China Department of Cardiology Kailuan General HospitalTangshanHebei 063000China

Background:There is little published evidence about the role of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in the progression from prehypertension to hypertension.This study was conducted to investigate the association of NAFLD and its severity with the risk of hypertension developing from prehypertension.Methods:The study cohort comprised 25,433 participants from the Kailuan study with prehypertension at baseline;those with excessive alcohol consumption and other liver diseases were excluded.NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography and stratified as mild,moderate,or severe.Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression was used to calculate the hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)of incident hypertension according to the presence and 3 categories of severity of NAFLD.Results:During a median of 12.6 years of follow-up,10,638 participants progressed to hypertension from prehypertension.After adjusting for multiple risk factors,patients with prehypertension and NAFLD had a 15%higher risk of incident hypertension than those without NAFLD(HR=1.15,95%CI 1.10-1.21).Moreover,the severity of NAFLD was associated with the incidence of hypertension,which was higher in patients with more severe NAFLD(HR=1.15[95%CI 1.10-1.21]in the mild NAFLD group;HR=1.15[95%CI 1.07-1.24]in the moderate NAFLD group;and HR=1.20[95%CI 1.03-1.41]in the severe NAFLD group).Subgroup analysis indicated that age and baseline systolic blood pressure may modify this association.Conclusions:NAFLD is an independent risk factor for hypertension in patients with prehypertension.The risk of incident hypertension increases with the severity of NAFLD.

关键词： Hypertension Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Prehypertension

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Elucidating the role of SlXTH5 in tomato fruit softening

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2023年第4期9卷 777-788页

作者： Duoduo Wang qianhui Lu Xiaomin Wang Hui ling Ning Huang College of Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiang 321004China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Specialty Economic Plants Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiang 321004China Department of Plant Science School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamLoughboroughLE125RDUK Research Centre for Germplasm Innovation and Application of Guangxi Agricultural and Forestry Plant Resourse College of AgricultureYulin Normal UniversityYulinGuangxi 537000China

Fruit softening in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)is closely associated with cell wall disassembly,which is brought about through the action of a range of cell wall structure-related enzymes and other proteins such as expansins.Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase(XTH)(EC 2.***.1.207 and/or EC 3.***.1.151)has been proposed to be key player involved in xyloglucan metabolism.SlXTH5 showed the highest expression level among all SlXTHs during tomato ripening.In this study,the role of SlXTH5 involved in tomato softening was investigated in CRISPR-based knockout mutants of SlXTH5.Loss-of-function of SlXTH5 in transgenic tomato lines resulted in slightly firmer fruit pericarp,but significantly decreased their color index compared with azygous wild type(WT)control fruits.Increased paste viscosity was detected in CRISPR mutants,indicating that the activity of SlXTH5 is responsible for maintaining cell wall structural integrity.Immunocytochemistry studies were performed using the monoclonal antibody probe LM25 to examine the localization and distribution of xyloglucan in the pericarp cells of the CRISPR mutant fruits.The data indicated more xyloglucan was retained in the pericarp of CRISPR mutant fruit than in WT control fruit.This study revealed the link between SlXTH5 and xyloglucan metabolism and indicated the potential of manipulating SlXTH5 to regulate fruit softening.

关键词： Tomato Fruit ripening SlXTH5 Immunocytochemistry Xyloglucan Plant cell wall

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针灸治疗抑郁症相关机制及临床研究

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中医药临床杂志 2024年第5期36卷 833-838页

作者：李前辉李燎原刘磊吴子建胡玲河南省驻马店市中心医院河南驻马店463000 安徽省中医药科学院针灸经络研究所安徽合肥230000

近年来,随着社会经济高速发展所导致生活压力逐渐加大,抑郁症患者数量逐年攀升。针灸作为中医特色疗法,对于防治抑郁症起到重要作用。因此开展了大量关于针灸防治抑郁症的相关研究。作者通过对近年针刺治疗抑郁症相关文献进行检索整理,... 详细信息

近年来,随着社会经济高速发展所导致生活压力逐渐加大,抑郁症患者数量逐年攀升。针灸作为中医特色疗法,对于防治抑郁症起到重要作用。因此开展了大量关于针灸防治抑郁症的相关研究。作者通过对近年针刺治疗抑郁症相关文献进行检索整理,从中医对于抑郁症自古以来的重要认识、针灸改善抑郁样行为的临床研究及针灸治疗抑郁症的机制等方面进行评述,并总结当前针对针灸治疗抑郁症开展的一系列研究不足之处,便于之后完善改进,更加科学严谨深入研究针灸对其治疗作用,有助于针灸疗法发挥独特优势。

关键词：针灸抑郁症作用机制临床疗效文献综述

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COATS:Comprehensive observation on the atmospheric boundary layer three-dimensional structure during haze pollution in the North China Plain

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第5期66卷 939-958页

作者： qianhui LI Hongsheng ZHANG Xiaoye ZHANG Xuhui CAI Xipeng JIN Lu ZHANG Yu SONG ling KANG Fei HU Tong ZHU Tianjin Key Laboratory for Oceanic Meteorology Tianjin Meteorological Service CenterTianjin Meteorological BureauTianjin 300074China Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological Administration(CMA)Beijing 100081China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The North China Plain(NCP)is troubled by severe haze pollution and the evolution of haze pollution is closely related to the atmospheric boundary layer(ABL).However,experimental and theoretical studies on the physical-chemical processes of the ABL in the NCP are lacking,with many scientific problems to be addressed.To solve these problems,the Comprehensive Observation on the Atmospheric boundary layer Three-dimensional Structure(COATS)during haze pollution was carried out in the NCP from 2016 to 2020.The COATS experiment adopted a"point-line-surface"spatial layout,obtaining both spatial-temporal profiles of the meteorological and environmental elements in the ABL and the turbulent transport data of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))in winter and summer.The research achievements are as follows.The spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of the ABL structure and PM_(2.5)concentrations in NCP were determined.The typical thermal structure of persistent heavy haze events and the pollutant removal mechanism by low-level jets were revealed.It was determined that the spatial structure of the ABL adjusted by the Taihang Mountains is responsible for the heterogeneous distribution of haze pollution in the NCP,and that mountain-induced vertical circulations can promote the formation of elevated pollution layers.The restraints of the atmospheric internal boundaries on horizontal diffusion of pollutants were emphasized.The contribution of the ABL to haze pollution in winter and summer was qualitatively compared and quantitatively estimated.The turbulent transport nature behind the relationship between the atmospheric boundary layer height(ABLH)and surface PM_(2.5)concentrations was analyzed.The concept of"aerosol accumulation layer"was defined,and the applicability of the material method in determining ABLH was clarified.A measurement system for obtaining the turbulent flux of PM_(2.5)concentrations was developed,and the turbulence characteristics of PM_(2.5)concentrations were demonstrated.The COATS experiment is of grea

关键词： COATS experiment Haze pollution ABL three-dimensional structure Aerosol accumulation layer Turbulent flux of PM_(2.5)concentrations North China Plain

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Research Progress on Estimation of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2020年第3期34卷 482-498页

作者： Hongsheng ZHANG Xiaoye ZHANG qianhui LI Xuhui CAI Shaojia FAN Yu SONG Fei HU Huizheng CHE Jiannong QUAN ling KANG Tong ZHU Laboratory for Climate and Ocean–Atmosphere Studies Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological Administration(CMA)Beijing 100081 State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Department of Environmental SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871 School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275 State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 Institute of Urban Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081

Atmospheric boundary layer height(ABLH)is an important parameter used to depict characteristics of the planetary boundary layer(PBL)in the lower troposphere.The ABLH is strongly associated with the vertical distributions of heat,mass,and energy in the PBL,and it is a key quantity in numerical simulation of the PBL and plays an essential role in atmospheric environmental assessment.In this paper,various definitions and methods for deriving and estimating the ABLH are summarized,from the perspectives of turbulent motion,PBL dynamics and thermodynamics,and distributions of various substances in the PBL.Different methods for determining the ABLH by means of direct observation and remote sensing retrieval are reviewed,and comparisons of the advantages and disadvantages of these methods are presented.The paper also summarizes the ABLH parameterization schemes,discusses current problems in the estimation of ABLH,and finally points out the directions for possible future breakthroughs in the ABLHrelated research and application.

关键词： atmospheric boundary layer height(ABLH) turbulent boundary layer aerosol accumulation layer remote sensing retrieval parameterization

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气压脉动仪及湍流大气中的气压脉动频谱特征研究

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北京大学学报（自然科学版） 2022年第1期58卷 186-194页

作者：卫茁睿张宏升李倩惠任燕康凌王鹏飞刘海波北京大学物理学院大气与海洋科学系气候与海‒气实验室北京100871 北京大学环境科学与工程学院环境科学系环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室北京100871 北京智阳科技有限公司北京100107

基于自制气压脉动仪在内蒙古科尔沁地区大气边界层与大气环境综合实验站2019年夏季的观测资料,计算气压脉动特征参数,分析气压频谱及气压标准差特征。结果表明,自制气压脉动仪能够反映气压的快速变化,频率响应接近1 Hz;气压脉动方差谱... 详细信息

基于自制气压脉动仪在内蒙古科尔沁地区大气边界层与大气环境综合实验站2019年夏季的观测资料,计算气压脉动特征参数,分析气压频谱及气压标准差特征。结果表明,自制气压脉动仪能够反映气压的快速变化,频率响应接近1 Hz;气压脉动方差谱曲线在0.0006~0.5 Hz的频率范围内满足n-2标度率,峰值频率低于风速和温度;不同稳定层结条件下的气压脉动归一化方差谱在高频区合并为一条曲线,在低频区根据大气稳定度排列;气压涨落对湍流能量的贡献主要体现在较大尺度上,风速和温度主要体现在较小尺度上;气压标准差和气压脉动强度存在明显的白天强、夜晚弱的日变化特征。

关键词：自制气压脉动仪气压快速涨落大气湍流动能气压方差谱分布

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PM_(2.5)浓度湍流特征和通量获取的实验研究

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北京大学学报（自然科学版） 2021年第6期57卷 1019-1026页

作者：任燕李倩惠张宏升康凌北京大学物理学院大气与海洋科学系气候与海‒气实验室北京100871 兰州大学西部生态安全省部共建协同创新中心兰州730000 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室北京大学环境科学与工程学院北京100871

利用PM_(2.5)质量浓度测量仪E-Sampler的1 Hz高频采样功能,采用涡动相关法,计算山东省德州大气环境实验站2018年12月27日至2019年1月7日多次污染事件的PM_(2.5)浓度脉动和湍流通量,探讨PM_(2.5)浓度湍流特征。结果表明,实验观测期间PM_(... 详细信息

利用PM_(2.5)质量浓度测量仪E-Sampler的1 Hz高频采样功能,采用涡动相关法,计算山东省德州大气环境实验站2018年12月27日至2019年1月7日多次污染事件的PM_(2.5)浓度脉动和湍流通量,探讨PM_(2.5)浓度湍流特征。结果表明,实验观测期间PM_(2.5)浓度湍流通量均值为0.026μg/(m^(2)·s);不同污染过程中PM_(2.5)浓度湍流通量传输方向不同,表明不同污染过程的污染源汇属性不同。随着湍流统计特征量(如湍流动能、水平风速标准差、垂直风速标准差、水平风速、动量通量和感热通量)增大,PM_(2.5)湍流垂直通量呈现指数型减小的趋势,即先急剧减小,然后随各变量的增长变化不大。随着PM_(2.5)浓度增大,其湍流通量绝对值呈现增加趋势,因此PM_(2.5)浓度湍流通量的大小与PM_(2.5)浓度和湍流强弱有关。不稳定条件下,PM_(2.5)浓度归一化标准差与稳定度参数ζ=z/L遵循−1/3幂次关系,即σ_(c)/C*=6.7(‒ζ)^(‒1/3);稳定条件下,实验结果相对离散。另外,PM_(2.5)浓度脉动方差谱曲线在高频段满足−2/3幂指数率,PM_(2.5)浓度脉动与垂直速度脉动的协方差谱曲线在高频段满足−4/3幂指数率。研究结果表明,利用E-Sampler的PM_(2.5)浓度1 Hz高频采样功能可以得到连续且有效的PM_(2.5)浓度湍流通量。

关键词： PM_(2.5)浓度湍流通量湍流统计特征湍流能谱污染过程

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漆黄素对高糖诱导视网膜Müller细胞氧化应激炎症反应的作用

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锦州医科大学学报 2022年第6期43卷 13-20页

作者：胡千慧曹睿凌云郁盛雪锦州医科大学口腔医学院锦州医科大学辽宁省糖尿病感知功能障碍重点实验室辽宁锦州121000

目的探讨漆黄素(fisetin,FIS)对高糖诱导的视网膜Müller细胞的作用及其机制。方法采用100 mmol/L葡萄糖模拟体外高糖环境,实验分为4组:对照组、高糖组、漆黄素+高糖组、漆黄素+高糖+TCBN(Akt/Gsk3β信号通路抑制剂)组。通过CCK8法检测M... 详细信息

目的探讨漆黄素(fisetin,FIS)对高糖诱导的视网膜Müller细胞的作用及其机制。方法采用100 mmol/L葡萄糖模拟体外高糖环境,实验分为4组:对照组、高糖组、漆黄素+高糖组、漆黄素+高糖+TCBN(Akt/Gsk3β信号通路抑制剂)组。通过CCK8法检测Müller细胞增殖活力;硫代巴比妥酸比色法测定丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量,黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性;DCFH-DA荧光探针检测细胞内活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)水平;JC-1法检测线粒体膜电位(mitochondrial membrane potential,MMP);免疫荧光检测线粒体膜通透性转换孔(membrane permeability transition pore,mPTP)及IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α表达;实时荧光定量PCR检测IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-αmRNA表达;Western Blot检测炎症因子及信号通路蛋白表达。结果与高糖组相比,漆黄素组降低MDA含量,提高SOD活力,明显抑制ROS产生,抑制mPTP开放,稳定MMP(P<0.05);与漆黄素组相比,TCBN组明显阻断了漆黄素的这种作用。免疫荧光和qPCR结果发现,与高糖组相比,漆黄素组能明显降低IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α炎症因子表达水平(P<0.05);与漆黄素组相比,TCBN组各炎症因子表达增加(P<0.05)。同时Western Blot结果发现,与高糖组相比,漆黄素组能明显增加p-Akt、p-Gsk3β蛋白表达(P<0.05);而TCBN组p-Akt、p-Gsk3β蛋白表达减少(P<0.05)。结论漆黄素通过降低细胞内MDA含量、增加SOD活性、抑制ROS产生、mTPT开放来维持MMP稳定,减少炎症因子表达从而减轻氧化应激损伤,这种作用与激活Akt/Gsk3β信号通路有关。

关键词：糖尿病视网膜病变 Müller细胞氧化应激炎症 Akt/Gsk3β信号通路

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