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An Adaptive Many-objective Robust Optimization Model of Dynamic Reactive Power Sources for Voltage Stability Enhancement

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第6期11卷 1756-1769页

作者： Yuan Chi Anqi Tao Xiaolong Xu qianggang wang Niancheng Zhou IEEE State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

The deployment of dynamic reactive power sourcecan effectively improve the voltage performance after a disturbance for a power system with increasing wind power penetration level and ubiquitous induction loads.To improve the voltage stability of the power system,this paper proposes an adaptive many-objective robust optimization model to deal with thedeployment issue of dynamic reactive power sources.Firstly,two metrics are adopted to assess the voltage stability of the system at two different stages,and one metric is proposed to assess the tie-line reactive power flow.Then,a robustness index isdeveloped to assess the sensitivity of a solution when subjectedto operational uncertainties,using the estimation of acceptablesensitivity region(ASR)and D-vine Copula.Five objectives areoptimized simultaneously:①total equipment investment;②adaptive short-term voltage stability evaluation;③tie-line power flow evaluation;④prioritized steady-state voltage stabilityevaluation;and⑤robustness evaluation.Finally,an anglebased adaptive many-objective evolutionary algorithm(MaOEA)is developed with two improvements designed for the application in a practical engineering problem:①adaptive mutationrate;and②elimination procedure without a requirement for athreshold value.The proposed model is verified on a modifiedNordic 74-bus system and a real-world power system.Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of theproposed model.

关键词： Voltage stability reactive power planning robust many-objective optimization tie-line correlated uncertainty

Multi-stage Coordinated Robust Optimization for Soft Open Point Allocation in Active Distribution Networks with PV

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第5期11卷 1553-1563页

作者： Anqi Tao Niancheng Zhou Yuan Chi qianggang wang Guangde Dong State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Company Limited Chongqing 401123China

To optimize the placement of soft open points(SOPs)in active distribution networks(ADNs),many aspects should be considered,including the adjustment of transmission power,integration of distributed generations(DGs),coordination with conventional control methods,and maintenance of economic costs.To address this multi-objective planning problem,this study proposes a multi-stage coordinated robust optimization model for the SOP allocation in ADNs with photovoltaic(PV).First,two robust technical indices based on a robustness index are proposed to evaluate the operation conditions and robust optimality of the solutions.Second,the proposed coordinated allocation model aims to optimize the total cost,robust voltage offset index,robust utilization index,and voltage collapse proximity index.Third,the optimization methods of the multiand single-objective models are coordinated to solve the proposed multi-stage problem.Finally,the proposed model is implemented on an IEEE 33-node distribution system to verify its effectiveness.Numerical results show that the proposed index can better reveal voltage offset conditions as well as the SOP utilization,and the proposed model outperforms conventional ones in terms of robustness of placement plans and total cost.

关键词： Multi-stage coordinated optimization allocation robustness index soft open point(SOP) active distribution network

Multi-objective Day-ahead Polarity Switching Optimization for Voltage Unbalance in Bipolar DC Distribution Networks

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第4期11卷 1212-1223页

作者： Zhongchi Huang qianggang wang Yuan Chi Jianquan Liao Yu Zhang Niancheng Zhou Chongqing University ChongqingChina Sichuan University ChengduChina State Grid Chongqing Shibei Electric Power Supply Branch ChongqingChina

Bipolar direct current(DC)distribution networks can effectively improve the connection flexibility for renewable generations and loads.In practice,concerns regarding the potential voltage unbalance issue of the distribution networks and the frequency of switching still remain.This paper proposes a day-ahead polarity switching strategy to reduce voltage unbalance by optimally switching the polarity of renewable generations and loads while minimizing the switching times simultaneously in the range of a full day.First,a multi-objective optimization model is constructed to minimize the weighted sum of voltage unbalance factors and the sum of number of switching actions in the day based on the power flow model.Second,a two-step solution strategy is proposed to solve the optimization model.Finally,the proposed strategy is validated using 11-node and 34-node distribution networks as case studies,and a switching and stabilizing device is designed to enable unified switching of renewable generations and loads.Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed strategy can effectively reduce the switching times without affecting the improvement of voltage balance.

关键词： Bipolar direct current(DC)distribution network multi-objective optimization renewable generation voltage unbalance

Day-ahead Optimal Dispatch Model for Coupled System Considering Ladder-type Ramping Rate and Flexible Spinning Reserve of Thermal Power Units

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第6期10卷 1482-1493页

作者： Longjie Yang Niancheng Zhou Guiping Zhou Yuan Chi Ning Chen Lei wang qianggang wang Dongfeng Chang State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Company Limited Shenyang 110006China State Key Laboratory of Operation and Control of Renewable Energy&Storage Systems(China Electric Power Research Institute) Nanjing 210003China Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Company Limited Xi’an 710054China IEEE

In northern China,thermal power units(TPUs)are important in improving the penetration level of renewable energy.In such areas,the potentials of coordinated dispatch of renewable energy sources(RESs)and TPUs can be better realized,if RESs and TPUs connected to the power grid at the same point of common coupling(PCC)are dispatched as a coupled system.Firstly,the definition of the coupled system is introduced,followed by an analysis on its characteristics.Secondly,based on the operation characteristics of deep peak regulation(DPR)of TPUs in the coupled system,the constraint of the ladder-type ramping rate applicable for day-ahead dispatch is proposed,and the corresponding flexible spinning reserve constraint is further established.Then,considering these constraints and peak regulation ancillary services,a day-ahead optimal dispatch model of the coupled system is established.Finally,the operational characteristics and advantages of the coupled system are analyzed in several case studies based on a real-world power grid in Liaoning province,China.The numerical results show that the coupled system can further improve the economic benefits of RESs and TPUs under the existing policies.

关键词： Coupled system ladder-type ramping rate flexible spinning reserve day-ahead optimal dispatch deep peak regulation peak regulation ancillary services

Voltage Profile Optimization of Active Distribution Networks Considering Dispatchable Capacity of 5G Base Station Backup Batteries

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第6期11卷 1842-1856页

作者： Yiyao Zhou qianggang wang Yao Zou Yuan Chi Niancheng Zhou Xuefei Zhang Chen Li Qinqin Xia School of Electrical Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina

The penetration of distributed energy resources(DERs) and energy-intensive resources is gradually increasing in active distribution networks(ADNs), which leads to frequent and severe voltage violation problems. As a densely distributed flexible resource in the future distribution network, 5G base station(BS) backup battery is used to regulate the voltage profile of ADN in this paper. First, the dispatchable potential of 5G BS backup batteries is analyzed. Considering the spatial-temporal characteristics of electric load for 5G BS, the dispatchable capacity of backup batteries at different time intervals is evaluated based on historical heat map data. Then, a voltage profile optimization model for ADN is established, consisting of 5G BS backup batteries and other voltage regulation resources. In this model, the charging/discharging behavior of backup batteries is based on its evaluation result of dispatchable capacity. Finally, the range of charging/discharging cost coefficients of 5G BS that benefits ADN and 5G operators are analyzed respectively. Further, an incentive policy for 5G operators is proposed. Under this policy, the charging/discharging cost coefficients of 5G BS can achieve a win-win situation for ADN and 5G operators. As an emerging flexible resource in ADN, the effectiveness and economy of 5G BS backup batteries participating in voltage profile optimization are verified in a test distribution network.

关键词： Voltage profile optimization 5G base station(BS)backup battery active distribution network(ADN) flexible resource voltage violation

Coordination Control of Power Flow Controller and Hybrid DC Circuit Breaker in MVDC Distribution Networks

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2021年第6期9卷 1257-1268页

作者： Jianquan Liao Niancheng Zhou Zian Qin Pavel Purgat qianggang wang Pavol Bauer IEEE School of Electrical Engineering Sichuan University State Key Laboratory of Power Transmis-sion Equipment and System Security and New Technology Chongqing University Department of Electrical Sustainable Energy DC SystemsEnergy Conversion andStorage Group

The two main challenges of medium voltage direct current(MVDC)distribution network are the flexible control of power flow(PF)and fault protection.In this paper,the power flow controller(PFC)is introduced to regulate the PF and inhibit the fault current during the DC fault.The coordination strategy of series-parallel PFC(SP-PFC)and hybrid DC circuit breaker(DCCB)is proposed.By regulating the polarity and magnitude of SP-PFC output voltage during the fault,the rising speed of fault current can be suppressed so as to reduce the breaking current of hybrid DCCB.The access mode of SP-PFC to the MVDC distribution network and its topology are analyzed,and the coordination strategy between SP-PFC and hybrid DCCB is investigated.Moreover,the emergency control and bypass control strategies of SP-PFC are developed.On this basis,the mathematical model of SP-PFC in different fault stages is derived.With the equivalent model of SP-PFC,the fault current of the MVDC distribution network can be calculated accurately.A simulation model of the MVDC distribution network containing SP-PFC is established in MATLAB/Simulink.The fault current calculation result is compared with the simulation result,and the effectiveness of the proposed coordination strategy is verified.

关键词： Medium voltage direct current(MVDC)distribution network fault current power flow controller(PFC) DC circuit breaker(DCCB)

基于行波模态分解的特高压直流输电线路双端行波测距方法

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电力系统保护与控制 2024年第1期52卷 109-120页

作者：王洪彬周念成王伟王强钢于大川周丹莹吕元正输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室(重庆大学) 重庆400044 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院重庆401123

基于晶闸管换流器的特高压直流输电系统(ultra-high voltage direct current based on line commutated converter,LCC-UHVDC)的故障定位算法对智能电网的安全稳定运行起着重要作用。针对长距离特高压直流输电系统故障测距方法精准度低... 详细信息

基于晶闸管换流器的特高压直流输电系统(ultra-high voltage direct current based on line commutated converter,LCC-UHVDC)的故障定位算法对智能电网的安全稳定运行起着重要作用。针对长距离特高压直流输电系统故障测距方法精准度低、快速性差的问题,提出了一种基于变分模态分解法(variational mode decomposition,VMD)和Teager能量算子(Teager energy operator,TEO)的双端行波故障测距方法。首先,研究了LCC-UHVDC线路故障电压行波的传播特性。利用零模电压随线路传播衰减明显的特征,通过VMD算法提取采样点处零模电压行波的时频特性。针对VMD参数选择不当导致的模态混叠问题,利用K-L散度(Kullback-Leibler divergence)对提取的模态指标进行优化。然后采用TEO对分解后信号进行瞬时能量谱提取,精确标定波头到达时间,最后采用双端迭代测距法迭代求解故障距离。在PSCAD/EMTDC搭建±800 kV LCC-UHVDC仿真模型进行验证。结果表明,所提方法在不同故障位置、过渡电阻和故障类型下具有较强的鲁棒性。

关键词：特高压直流输电变分模态分解 Teager能量算子故障测距电压行波

基于改进极模变换的柔性直流输电系统断线故障分析与辨识

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电力系统自动化 2024年第5期48卷 137-145页

作者：郑宗生张巍廖建权周念成王渝红王强钢四川大学电气工程学院四川省成都市610000 输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室(重庆大学) 重庆市400044

断线故障的故障特性分析是制定断线保护方案的基础。首先,文中以金属回线双极直流系统为对象,根据直流系统中模块化多电平换流器(MMC)在故障前后的状态变化,基于叠加定理得出MMC在直流系统发生故障时的等效电路模型,构建直流系统断线故... 详细信息

断线故障的故障特性分析是制定断线保护方案的基础。首先,文中以金属回线双极直流系统为对象,根据直流系统中模块化多电平换流器(MMC)在故障前后的状态变化,基于叠加定理得出MMC在直流系统发生故障时的等效电路模型,构建直流系统断线故障下的等效电路。然后,通过改进极模变换矩阵推导其在不同故障类型下的复合模量等值网络,分析不同断线故障的模量特征;在此基础上,利用2模和0模电流的变化量构建断线故障类型识别的相平面,实现断线故障的分类;同时,提出基于1模电流变化量的区内外断线故障辨识流程。最后,在PSCAD/EMTDC中建立了仿真模型,验证了所提保护方法的快速性和可靠性。

关键词：柔性直流断线故障极模变换模块化多电平换流器

基于电压补偿的双端直流配电网电压就地协调控制

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电力系统自动化 2024年第7期48卷 277-287页

作者：王强钢宋佳航廖建权周念成许晓龙输变电装备技术全国重点实验室(重庆大学) 重庆市400044 四川大学电气工程学院四川省成都市610065

双端直流配电网是一种双端电源供电的网络结构,可为直流负荷提供更加稳定和可靠的电源电压。然而,负荷的功率波动和不平衡使线路电压跌落增大,可能导致直流负荷的电压不平衡度和电压偏差指标越限,影响直流负荷的正常运行。文中基于电压... 详细信息

双端直流配电网是一种双端电源供电的网络结构,可为直流负荷提供更加稳定和可靠的电源电压。然而,负荷的功率波动和不平衡使线路电压跌落增大,可能导致直流负荷的电压不平衡度和电压偏差指标越限,影响直流负荷的正常运行。文中基于电压源型换流器(VSC)外环电压控制,考虑中线电压补偿,提出基于电压补偿等效模型的直流配电网电压偏差及不平衡度联合抑制策略,实现直流配电网电压就地协调控制。首先,建立双端直流配电网潮流模型,将VSC电压下垂控制引入潮流模型,分析不同控制策略下的电压偏差和不平衡度的特性。其次,在此基础上,以电压最低点为分点获得双端电源供电回路压降的简化等效模型,并利用最小二乘法实现等效阻抗参数辨识,构建双端直流配电网的电压补偿等效模型。以参数辨识结果作为电压外环控制输入,提出考虑中线电压补偿的双端直流配电网电压就地协调控制策略。最后,在MATLAB/Simulink中搭建仿真模型,验证了双端直流配电网潮流模型的正确性和控制策略的有效性。

关键词：直流配电网中线电压补偿下垂控制最小二乘法潮流模型