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The 2022 record-breaking high temperature in China:Sub-seasonal stepwise enhanced characteristics,possible causes and its predictability

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第5期14卷 651-659页

作者： Yuan-Yuan ma Yi-Ting CHEN Xiao-Xue HU qian-rong ma Tai-Chen FENG Guo-Ling FENG Di ma Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Physical Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225127China College of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Atmospheric Sciences Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean SystemMinistry of EducationSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Southern marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhuhai 519082China

In the summer of 2022,an unprecedented and long-lasting high temperature swept central-eastern China,causing significant societal ***,the sub-seasonal characteristics,causes and predictability of this extreme high temperature event are not well *** on the locations,intensities and causes of the high temperature,we divided it into three stages:early(13 June-3 July),sustained(4-28 July),and enhancement(29 July-30 August)*** high temperature during the early stage mainly occurred in north-central China with an anomaly of 2.5℃compared with climatology(1981-2010),while the last two stages occurred in the middle and lower Yangtze River Basin with anomalies of 2.8 and 3.8℃*** high temperature during the three stages were all regulated by the strengthening and westward extension of the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH)but involved different physical *** the early stage,it was mainly caused by the anticyclones over the Mongolia and Northwest Pacific and enhanced by the minor impact of *** the sustained stage it was influenced by relatively more stronger WPSH and South Asia high(SAH)and the relatively minor impact of the anticyclone over the north-western South *** the enhancement stage,the high temperature was mainly caused by a combination of the record-breaking WPSH and SAH and the strong European blocking ***,the exceptionally powerful WPSH was well correlated with the sea surface temperature gradient induced by the developing La Niñ*** ECMWF and NCEP models reasonably predicted the location and intensity of the high temperature in the early stage,but poorly predicted that in the sustained and enhancement stages partly because of the failure prediction of the WPSH's enhancement and westward *** ECMWF model's more accurate prediction of the WPSH may contribute to its better forecasting of the heatwaves.

关键词： High temperature Sub-seasonal characteristics Western Pacific subtropical high La Niña development phase Predictability

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Small extracellular vesicles derived from human induced pluripotent stem cell-differentiated neural progenitor cells mitigate retinal ganglion cell degeneration in a mouse model of optic nerve injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 587-597页

作者： Tong Li Hui-Min Xing Hai-Dong qian Qiao Gao Sheng-Lan Xu Hua ma Zai-Long Chi State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Optometry and Visual ScienceEye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Several studies have found that transplantation of neural progenitor cells(NPCs)promotes the survival of injured ***,a poor integration rate and high risk of tumorigenicity after cell transplantation limits their clinical *** extracellular vesicles(sEVs)contain bioactive molecules for neuronal protection and *** studies have shown that stem/progenitor cell-derived sEVs can promote neuronal survival and recovery of neurological function in neurodegenerative eye diseases and other eye *** this study,we intravitreally transplanted sEVs derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs)and hiPSCs-differentiated NPCs(hiPSC-NPC)in a mouse model of optic nerve *** results show that these intravitreally injected sEVs were ingested by retinal cells,especially those localized in the ganglion cell *** with hiPSC-NPC-derived sEVs mitigated optic nerve crush-induced retinal ganglion cell degeneration,and regulated the retinal microenvironment by inhibiting excessive activation of *** analysis further revealed that hiPSC-NPC derived sEVs transported neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory miRNA cargos to target cells,which had protective effects on RGCs after optic nerve *** findings suggest that sEVs derived from hiPSC-NPC are a promising cell-free therapeutic strategy for optic neuropathy.

关键词： exosome miRNA neural progenitor cell neurodegeneration neuroinflammation neuroprotection optic nerve crush optic neuropathy retinal ganglion cell small extracellular vesicles

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Assessing the corrosion protection property of coatings loaded with corrosion inhibitors using the real-time atmospheric corrosion monitoring technique

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and materials 2025年第1期32卷 119-126页

作者： Xiaoxue Wang Lulu Jin Jinke Wang rongqiao Wang Xiuchun Liu Kai Gao Jingli Sun Yong Yuan Lingwei ma Hongchang qian Dawei Zhang School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Beijing Institute of Space Long march Vehicle Beijing 100076China National materials Corrosion and Protection Data Center University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institute of materials Intelligent Technology Liaoning Academy of MaterialsShenyang 110004China Shanghai Spaceflight Precision machinery Institute Shanghai 201600China

The atmospheric corrosion monitoring(ACM)technique has been widely employed to track the real-time corrosion behavior of metal ***,limited studies have applied ACM to the corrosion protection properties of organic *** study compared a bare epoxy coating with one containing zinc phosphate corrosion inhibitors,both applied on ACM sensors,to observe their corrosion protection properties over *** with artificial damage via scratches were exposed to immersion and alternating dry and wet environments,which allowed for monitoring galvanic corrosion currents in *** the corrosion tests,the ACM currents of the zinc phosphate/epoxy coating were considerably lower than those of the blank epoxy *** trend in ACM current variations closely matched the results obtained from regular electrochemical tests and surface *** alignment highlights the potential of the ACM technique in evaluating the corrosion protection capabilities of organic *** with the blank epoxy coating,the zinc phosphate/epoxy coating showed much-decreased ACM current values that confirmed the effective inhibition of zinc phosphate against steel corrosion beneath the damaged coating.

关键词： atmospheric corrosion monitoring technology corrosion inhibitor coating carbon steel corrosion protection

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Model optimization method and connected-pipe experiment of a liquid fuel ramjet engine

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航空动力学报 2013年第6期28卷 1277-1285页

作者： ma qian-rong GUO Xin WU Hu CHOU qian School of Power and Energy Northwest Polytechnical University Aero-Engine Altitude Simulated Key Laboratory China Gas Turbine EstablishmentAviation Industry Corporation of China

The optimization method of a mathematical model and connected-pipe experimental technique for a test in altitude test facility (ATF) of a liquid fuel ramjet engine was *** optimization of the simple mathematical model was divided into two ***,using the test engine's geometry configuration size data,a preliminary adjustment was ***,using experimental test data,the components' experiential coefficients were modified *** was laid on the simulation technique of flight condition and parameters measurement *** experimental technique was applied to a ramjet ATF test *** comparison results show that the optimized-model has higher precision and the nozzle gross thrust difference drops from 12% to about 4%.

关键词： ramjet engine model optimization altitude test facility(ATF) connected-pipe experiment simulation technique

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Recent advances in exploring new blood-based biomarkers for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 35-45页

作者： Xinyu Peng qian ma Da Han School of Life Science Shanghai University Institute of Molecular Medicine Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Renji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Research and Development Intellinosis Biotechnologies Co.Ltd.

Gastric cancer(GC) is a prevalent and lethal malignancy worldwide, and the 5-year survival rate is less than 30%. The absence of distinctive symptoms often leads to late-stage diagnosis, contributing to a grim prognosis. Early detection is pivotal for improving the survival rates and outcomes of GC patients. Traditional diagnostic methods, including gastroscopy and histopathological examination, are restricted in the early diagnosis of GC. Conventional protein biomarkers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9), and carbohydrate antigen 72-4(CA72-4), exhibit insufficient sensitivity and specificity for GC screening, which diminishes their clinical value. Recently, novel circulating biomarkers, such as circulating tumor cells(CTCs), circulating tumor cell DNA(ct DNA), and circulating free RNA(cf RNA), have emerged as promising candidates in the burgeoning field of liquid biopsy due to their superior sensitivity and specificity. This review focuses on the latest research on blood-based biomarkers for GC diagnosis and examines the clinical potentials and challenges associated with these emerging biomarkers.

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Using air curtains to reduce short-range infection risk in consulting ward: A numerical investigation

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Building Simulation 2021年第2期14卷 325-335页

作者： Jin Ye Hua qian Jianchao ma rong Zhou Xiaohong Zheng School of Energy and Environment Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China Engineering Research Center of BEEE Ministry of Education of ChinaNanjing210096China First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou510000China Guangzhou Angel Biosafety Co. LtdGuangzhou510000China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Science and Technology Nanjing210096China

Air curtains is promising in reducing the short-range infection risk in *** quantitatively evaluate its performance,this paper explores air curtains equipped on normal consulting desk to avoid doctor’s direct exposure to the patient exhaled pollutants.A numerical investigation is conducted to evaluate the effects of supply air velocity and angle on cutting off *** results show that the average mass fraction of exhaled pollutants decreases significantly(70%–90%)in the consulting ward,indicating satisfying performance of air *** supply air velocity is demonstrated to be conducive in forming full air curtains,whereas an excessively high supply air velocity may be of adverse effects by entraining exhaled ***,the supply air angle is also critical due to its coupling with supply air *** is found that larger angle(0°–40°)is better where velocity is less than 3 m/s,otherwise a small angle(20°)is preferable where velocity is larger than 3 m/*** flow could be well suppressed at the supply air angle 20°but moves over air curtains at 40°.This study can provide effective and intuitive guidance in applying air curtains in consulting wards.

关键词： air curtains consulting ward cutting off performance numerical investigation

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Dissolved and emitted methane in the Poyang Lake

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2021年第1期64卷 203-212页

作者： WANG HaiZhen HUANG rong LI JiaRui CHEN qian ma Tao Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences Ministry of EducationCollege of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Water Resources and Environment MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental EvolutionChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture Qinghai UniversityXining 810016China College of Architecture and Environment Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Lake waters often act as important methane sources for global greenhouse gas emission, but it would be more complex as lakes are regulated by rivers. In this study, seasonal variations of dissolved and emitted methane in the Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China, are investigated based on a specially designed monitoring. As a typical subtropical linking-to-river lake, the Poyang shows characteristics of the "lake" in wet season and the "river" in dry season alternatively over a ***, CH_(4) flux from the Poyang Lake to the Yangtze River closes to the highest in January due to concentrated dissolved CH_(4) and "river" effects in dry season, while CH_(4) flux to the atmosphere falls to the lowest in July because of intensified CH_(4) oxidization and diluted dissolved CH_(4) as well as "lake" effects in wet season. Overall, CH_(4) fluxes from Poyang Lake to the atmosphere and to the Yangtze River were 19 and 0.35 Gg CH_(4) yr^(-1), respectively. The Three Gorges Dam, the world’s largest dam in the Yangtze River, would further intensify this pattern, enhancing the transformation between "lake phase" and"river phase". This study also provides the paradigm for CH_(4) budget from other large lakes in similar situations around the world.

关键词： CH_(4) spatiotemporal variation linking-to-river lake Poyang Lake

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Molecule‑Level Multiscale Design of Nonflammable Gel Polymer Electrolyte to Build Stable SEI/CEI for Lithium Metal Battery

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 404-423页

作者： Qiqi Sun Zelong Gong Tao Zhang Jiafeng Li Xianli Zhu Ruixiao Zhu Lingxu Wang Leyuan ma Xuehui Li Miaofa Yuan Zhiwei Zhang Luyuan Zhang Zhao qian Longwei Yin Rajeev Ahuja Chengxiang Wang Key Laboratory for Liquid‑Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan 250061People’s Republic of China Condensed matter Theory Department of Physics and AstronomyUppsala UniversityUppsala 75120Sweden

The risk of flammability is an unavoidable issue for gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs).Usually,flameretardant solvents are necessary to be used,but most of them would react with anode/cathode easily and cause serious interfacial instability,which is a big challenge for design and application of nonflammable ***,a nonflammable GPE(SGPE)is developed by in situ polymerizing trifluoroethyl methacrylate(TFma)monomers with flame-retardant triethyl phosphate(TEP)solvents and LiTFSI–LiDFOB dual lithium *** is strongly anchored to PTFma matrix via polarity interaction between-P=O and-CH_(2)CF_(3).It reduces free TEP molecules,which obviously mitigates interfacial reactions,and enhances flame-retardant performance of TEP *** TEP molecules are also inhibited in solvation of Li^(+),leading to anion-dominated solvation sheath,which creates inorganic-rich solid electrolyte interface/cathode electrolyte interface *** coordination structure changes Li^(+)transport from sluggish vehicular to fast structural transport,raising ionic conductivity to 1.03 mS cm^(-1) and transfer number to 0.41 at 30℃.The Li|SGPE|Li cell presents highly reversible Li stripping/plating performance for over 1000 h at 0.1 ma cm^(−2),and 4.2 V LiCoO_(2)|SGPE|Li battery delivers high average specific capacity>120 mah g^(−1) over 200 *** study paves a new way to make nonflammable GPE that is compatible with Li metal anode.

关键词： Anchoring effect Nonflammable gel electrolyte In situ cross-linked Electrode-electrolyte interface Li metal battery

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market-based solution in China to finance the clean from the dirty

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Fundamental Research 2024年第2期4卷 324-333页

作者： Haoqi qian rong ma Libo Wu Institute for Global Public Policy Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China LSE-Fudan Research Centre for Global Public Policy Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China School of Economics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Institute for Energy and Carbon Neutrality Strategy Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Financial incentives play a key role in promoting renewable energy investments that can help China achieve the‘dual carbon’*** national emissions trading scheme(ETS)and the renewable energy portfolio standard(RPS)are two existing market-based policy instruments that can generate stable expected returns for low-carbon *** paper studies the interactive distribution effects of these two market-based *** use the micro-level thermal power plant data to investigate the abatement effects of the national ETS,in which the details show that the existing rate-based ETS will result in higher negative impacts on power units,whose installed capacities are smaller than 400 *** interactive distribution effects between the two markets will occur when the permit allocation standards of the national ETS become stricter than the existing *** in Eastern China and Northern China will face high pressure on costs in both ETS and RPS *** the levels of the permit allocation standards are set as 70%of the existing ones and the carbon price is assumed to be 200 yuan/ton in 2030,the annual market size of the national ETS will be nearly 100 billion yuan,and the annual market size is predicted to be 250 billion *** the existing rate-based national ETS,the China Certified Emission Reduction(CCER)mechanism will have an offsetting effect,which should be taken into serious consideration during the policy-making processes in the future.

关键词： Emission trading scheme Renewable energy portfolio standard Green finance Policy interactions China certified emission reduction Distribution effect

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新型抗癫痫发作药物吡仑帕奈添加治疗0~18岁儿童难治性癫痫的临床观察研究

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中国全科医学 2025年第2期28卷 250-256页

作者：马湖萍任蓉侯梅苑爱云青岛大学附属妇女儿童医院神经康复科山东省青岛市266034 山东省潍坊市寿光市人民医院新生儿科 262700

背景目前儿童难治性癫痫(RE)仍是癫痫的治疗难点,国内吡仑帕奈(PER)治疗儿童RE尚属新药,缺少PER对儿童RE添加治疗的建议,且国内报道中使用PER治疗的RE患儿样本量较少。因此PER对于儿童RE,尤其低年龄RE患儿的疗效仍需大样本、进一步研究... 详细信息

背景目前儿童难治性癫痫(RE)仍是癫痫的治疗难点,国内吡仑帕奈(PER)治疗儿童RE尚属新药,缺少PER对儿童RE添加治疗的建议,且国内报道中使用PER治疗的RE患儿样本量较少。因此PER对于儿童RE,尤其低年龄RE患儿的疗效仍需大样本、进一步研究。目的探究PER添加治疗儿童RE的疗效、可能的适应证、不良反应及耐受性。方法对2022年1月—2023年1月在青岛大学附属妇女儿童医院诊治的0~18岁RE患儿进行自身对照、回顾性分析,对比PER添加治疗前后不同观察时点的癫痫发作频率的变化,评估PER的治疗效果,记录药物不良反应及药物保留率,并分析PER有效组与无效组的临床特征。结果共纳入192例研究对象,PER添加治疗后,第12、24、36周的有效率分别为56.3%(108/192)、62.1%(113/182)、69.7%(122/175),无发作率分别为19.3%(37/192)、21.4%(39/182)、24.6%(43/175)。不良反应发生率为16.1%(31/192),主要为头晕、暴躁易怒、无力嗜睡等,末次随访药物保留率为91.1%(175/192)。PER添加治疗的RE患儿连续用药12周时,治疗总有效与无效/恶化患儿起病年龄、抗癫痫治疗病程、起源类型、发作形式、添加PER前发作频率、联合其他抗癫痫发作药物(ASMs)数量、生酮饮食/外科治疗情况,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。此外,178例患儿进行了脑电图检查,167例患儿进行了头颅磁共振检查;治疗总有效与无效/恶化患儿脑电图检查结果、头颅磁共振检查结果比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。脑电图检查结果中以脑前部(前、中、颞前、中部)放电总有效占比较高;头颅影像学检查结果中以正常者总有效占比较高,其次为以脑白质损伤为主的患儿。结论PER添加治疗儿童RE整体有效率及保留率较高,不良反应轻微,药物耐受情况好。对于起病年龄晚、发作形式为运动性发作、局灶性起源、抗癫痫治疗病程短、联合用药数量及发作频率少的RE患儿更为有效。脑电图中以脑前部(前、中、颞前、颞中部)放电、头颅磁共振结果正常者总有效占比较高。

关键词：难治性癫痫儿童吡仑帕奈治疗结果药物不良反应

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