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The effects of different sea surface temperature distributions over the western Pacific on the summer monsoon properties

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1993年第4期12卷 535-547页

作者： qian yongfu department of atmospheric sciences, nanjing university, nanjing 210008, china Dept. of atmospheric sciences Nanjing Univ. Nanjing 21008 China. China

A modified and improved primitive equation numerical model with p-sigma incorporated vertical coordinates is used to simulate the effects of different sea surface temperature distributions over the western Pacific on the summer monsoon properties. The different sea surface temperature (SST) distributions are automatically generated in the time integrations by using two different SST models, one of which is called the deep ocean model (DOM) and the other the shallow ocean model (SOM). The SST generated by the DOM has the distribution pattern of the initial SST which is similar to the pattern in the cold water years over the western Pacific, while the SST generated by the SOM has the pattern similar to that in the warm water years. The differences between the experimental results by using DOM and SOM are analyzed in detail. The analyses indicate that the most basic and important characteristics of the summer monsoon climate can be simulated successfully in both experiments, that means the climatic properties in the monsoonal climate regions are mainly determined by the seasonal heating, the contrast between the land and the sea, the topography, and the physical properties of the underlying surfaces. However, the differences between the two experiments tell us that the climatic properties in the summer monsoon regions in the cold water year and the warm water year do differ from each other in details. In the warm water year, the thermal contrast between the land and the sea becomes weaker. Over the warm water area, the upward motions are induced and the dynamical conditions favorable for the convective activities are formed, the Somali low-level cross equatorial current is somewhat weakened, while the cross equatorial currents, east of 90°E, are strongly strengthened, the precipitation amount in the tropical regions largely increases, and the precipitation over the coastal regions increases, too. However the precipitation over the southeast china and its coastal area d

关键词： Sea surface temperature anomaly monsoon climate modelling computational models of SST

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Covarying modes of the Pacific SST and northern hemispheric midlatitude atmospheric circulation anomalies during winter

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第10期18卷 1261-1270页

作者： Yimin Zhu~(a,b,*) Xiuqun Yang~a qian Xie~b Yongqiang Yu~c ~a department of A tmospheric Science,nanjing university,nanjing 210093,china ~b Institute of Meteorology,PLA university of Science and Technology,nanjing 211101,china ~c LASG,Institute of atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of sciences,Beijing 100029,china department of atmospheric Science Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Institute of Meteorology PLA University of Science and Technology Nanjing 211101 China LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The interannual-to-interdecadal relationship between the Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) and the northern hemispheric midlati- tude’s atmosphere represented by the circumpolar vortex was documented with the global oceanic and atmospheric reanalysis data of recent 50 *** covarying modes of the Pacific SST and northern circumpolar vortex anomalies during winter were examined using the sin- gular value decomposition and wavelet analysis *** is the interannual,ENSO-related mode and the other is the interdecadal, North Pacific SST-related mode with a period of around 20 *** two modes exhibit distinct spatial *** the interannual mode,the SST anomaly is characterized by a typical ENSO pattern with the principal signature in the tropical eastern Pacific and secondary one in the central North Pacific,while the atmospheric anomaly is regional,characterized by a Pacific-North American *** the inter- decadal mode,large SST anomaly is located in the central North Pacific,while the atmospheric anomaly is zonally global,associated with the midlatitute’s standing long-wave *** the central North Pacific is colder,the long-wave is stronger,and vice *** investigations suggest that the interdecadal mode could involve an interaction between "two oceans and an atmosphere".

关键词： Sea surface temperature atmospheric circulation ENSO Decadal variability

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Frontal genesis of moisture atmosphere during the early 2008 persistent freezing-rain event in southern china

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第3期53卷 454-464页

作者： qian WeiHong1 & FU JiaoLan1,2 1 department of atmospheric sciences, School of Physics, Peking university, Beijing 100871, china 2 National Meteorological Center of CMA, Beijing, 100081, china 1. department of atmospheric sciences School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China2. National Meteorological Center of CMA Beijing 100081 China

From January 10 to February 2, 2008, a severe and persistent freezing-rain event occurred in southern and southwestern china. Here we use an observational analysis to compare the persistent freezing-rain event in the early 2008 with the winter precipita- tion in the late 2007 over south of the Yangtze River (Jiangnan). The persistent freezing-rain event was directly linked to the activity of quasi-stationary front. The gradient of equivalent temperature (ET) can well indicate the frontal genesis of moist atmosphere (moisture front) and its activity as well as its relationship with precipitation belt. The precipitation types (snow and freezing rains) are related to the vertical structure of moisture front. The inversion profile of ET vertical distribution is a typical synoptic condition that caused the freezing-rain event. The horizontal gradient of ET with a criterion of 10℃ / 100 km, which reflects the accumulation and release of atmospheric energy, can be applied to predict the precipitation 5-10 days in advance.

关键词： freezing-rain event frontal genesis extended-range weather forecast winter Jiangnan

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THE EFFECTS OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE OVER THE EQUATORIAL WESTERN PACIFIC AND THE INDIAN OCEAN ON THE ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 1989年第3期3卷 375-394页

作者：倪允琪钱永甫林元弼 department of atmospheric sciences Nanjing University Nanjing

In this paper, the p-σ five layer primitive equation model segmented by mountains and physical parameterizations including short wave radiation; long wave radiation; large-scale and convective condensation; heat and moisture transport from surface to the first model level is used. The horizonial resolution is 5° lat. ×5° long. with the integration region from 25°S to 55°N and from 5°W eastward to 175°W. The model was spun up with perpetual June boundary conditions and forcing starting with June zonal mean heights and geostrophic wind field. In order to investigate the effects of SST (sea surface tempefuture) over the equatorial Western Pacific and the Indian Ocean on the Asian summer monsoon, four sets of numerical experments with positive anomalies over the equatorial Western Pacific, and positive and negative anomalies over the Western Indian Ocean, and zonal mean SST (the control case) are performed. The experimental results show that the South Asian low in the lower troposphere and the anticyclone over the South Asia in the uppet troposphere intensified when positive SST anomalies over the equatorial Western Pacific is included. A statistical test method for simulations is proposed. Finally, the influence mechanism of the SST anomalies over the equatorial oceans is discussed. It is worth stressing that the effects of the SST over the equatorial oceans on the Asian summer monsoon can arise as a result of interaction of SST anomalies, atmospheric flow field and heat sources and sinks in the atmosphere.

关键词： over SSTA THE EFFECTS OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE OVER THE EQUATORIAL WESTERN PACIFIC AND THE INDIAN OCEAN ON THE ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON Nino NEI MSI

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两层简单斜压海洋模式及冬、夏季平均海流模拟

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海洋学报 1999年第3期21卷 30-39页

作者：杨波钱永甫南京大学大气科学系南京210093

设计了一个两层简单斜压海洋模式（H1=501，H1＋H2=250m），利用1月和7月多年平均的海平面气温场、海平面气压场和由该气压场诊断出的海面风场，对此模式的性能进行了检验．结果表明，模拟得出的冬、夏季海洋表层及次表层流与实况较为... 详细信息

设计了一个两层简单斜压海洋模式（H1=501，H1＋H2=250m），利用1月和7月多年平均的海平面气温场、海平面气压场和由该气压场诊断出的海面风场，对此模式的性能进行了检验．结果表明，模拟得出的冬、夏季海洋表层及次表层流与实况较为一致．

关键词：海洋环流模式数值模拟短期气候模拟平均海流

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A dipole mode at thermocline layer in the tropical Indian Ocean

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2003年第1期22卷 15-24页

作者：田纪伟刘慧卿钱维宏 Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of China (Ocean University of Qingdao)Qingdao 266003China department of atmospheric sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Temperature data at different layers of the past 45 years were studied and we found adiploe mode in the thermocline layer (DMT): anomalously cold sea temperature off the coast of Sumatra and warm sea temperature in the western Indian Ocean. First, we analyzed the temperature and the temperature anomaly (TA) along the equatorial Indian Ocean in different layers. This shows that stronger cold and warm TA signals appeared at subsurface than at the surface in the tropical Indian O-cean. This result shows that there may be a strong dipole mode pattern in the subsurface tropical Indian Ocean. Secondly we used Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) to analyze the TA at thermocline layer. The first EOF pattern was a dipole mode pattern. Finally we analyzed the correlations between DMT and surface tropical dipole mode (SDM), DMT and Nino 3 SSTA, etc. and these correlations are strong.

关键词： Temperature anomaly dipole mode in thermocline layer tropical Indian Ocean empirical orthogonal function

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Propagation of planetary-scale zonal mean wind anomalies and polar oscillations

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Science Bulletin 2012年第20期 2619-2627页

作者： qian WeiHong & LIANG HaoYuan department of atmospheric and Oceanic sciences,School of Physics,Peking university,Beijing 100871,china

Global atmospheric variables can be physically decomposed into four components:(1) the zonal time averaged climate symmetric component,(2) the time averaged climate asymmetric,(3) the zonal-mean transient symmetric anomaly,and (4) the transient asymmetric *** study analyzes the relationships between the intra-seasonal and inter-annual variability of planetary scale decomposed zonal and meridional winds in the tropopause,and oscillations such as those from the El Ni o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO),the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO).The tropical inter-annual zonal mean wind anomalies in the tropopause are linked with the ENSO cycle and can propagate into the subtropics,mid-latitudes,and polar front regions via abnormal meridional vertical ***,tropical intra-seasonal (40-60-d) zonal wind anomalies can reach the subtropics and *** polar intra-seasonal zonal wind anomalies in the tropopause can propagate toward high-latitude ***,the AO and the AAO are the result of the interaction and propagation of these planetary scale zonal wind anomalies.

关键词： physical decomposition El Ni o-Southern Oscillation Arctic Oscillation Antarctic Oscillation planetary scale intraseasonal oscillations

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上海城郊夏季VOCs变化特征及其对O_(3)污染的贡献分析

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环境科学 2024年第8期45卷 4440-4447页

作者：王茜上海市环境监测中心上海200235 复旦大学环境科学与工程系上海200438

为深入了解夏季大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)对O_(3)污染的影响,基于上海城郊点位VOCs、O_(3)以及气象要素的在线监测数据,开展O_(3)污染时段VOCs的变化特征和活性贡献分析,研究关键气象要素和气团传输对O_(3)和VOCs的影响.结果表明,上海城... 详细信息

为深入了解夏季大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)对O_(3)污染的影响,基于上海城郊点位VOCs、O_(3)以及气象要素的在线监测数据,开展O_(3)污染时段VOCs的变化特征和活性贡献分析,研究关键气象要素和气团传输对O_(3)和VOCs的影响.结果表明,上海城郊夏季大气φ(VOCs)小时平均值为(20.91±9.82)×10^(-9),各组分构成最大的是烷烃和OVOCs,占比均为30.2%.O_(3)污染日φ(VOCs)平均值为(23.84±9.69)×10^(-9),较清洁日上升28.1%.污染日VOCs的OFP为126.9μg·m^(-3),较清洁日上升31.9%,其中烯烃OFP贡献率明显上升,丙烯和丙酮等物种较清洁日偏高最多,说明以上组分和物种需要重点加强管控.乙烷和乙炔的比值(E/E)和间/对-二甲苯与乙苯比值(X/E)的变化特征表明:上海城郊地区夏季气团存在明显的区域传输影响,且主要出现在下午和夜间.污染玫瑰图和气团后向轨迹研究结果表明,来自偏南和西南方向的气团对上海城郊VOCs体积分数的传输影响最大,尤其是来自偏南气团的烯烃和OVOCs,以及来自西南方向的芳香烃.

关键词：挥发性有机物(VOCs) 臭氧生成潜势(OFP) 后向轨迹聚类分析上海

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Paleoenvironmental records from the northern South china Sea since the Last Glacial Maximum

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第3期29卷 46-62页

作者： GE qian CHU Fengyou XUE Zuo LIU J Paul DU Yuansheng FANG Yinxia Faculty of Earth sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences State Ocean Administration Hangzhou 310012 China department of Marine Earth and Atmospheric Sciences North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA

Core ZHS-176 contains the paleoenvironmental records from the northern South china Sea （NSCS） since the Last Glacial Maximum （LGM）. A coupled approach based on clay mineral assemblages, planktonic foraminiferal oxygen and carbon isotopes, and calcium carbonate content is used to trace the sources of the fine-grained sediment and to investigate the paleoenviornmental evolution in this area. Clay mineral assemblages are dominated by illite （average about 39%） and chlorite （about 27%）, which comes mainly from Taiwan and the East china Sea. Kaolinite, which accounts for about 13%, comes mainly from the Zhujiang （Pearl） River, and Luzon Island is the main source for smectite （about 21%）. The planktonic foraminiferal oxygen isotopic oscillations during the last glacial period are coeval with climate variations recorded in the Greenland ice core and Western Pacific sediment. These variations include the LGM, Heinrich event 1, Bφlling-Allerφd （B/A）, and Younger Dryas. For the Holocene, three periods of strong precipitation （S1-S3） and three periods of weak precipitation （W1-W3） are identified. The oxygen isotopic record exhibits corre-lation with climate records from distant regions, including the high-latitude Northern Hemisphere, providing evidence for global tele-connection among regional climate. A brief, negative planktonic foraminiferal carbon isotopic excursion during B/A reflects increased methane released from marine gas hydrate due to the rapid warming of the water. By comparing calcium carbonate content curves of the core ZHS-176 with these of other five boreholes lying above the lysocline, a remarkable low calcium carbonate event is found during the early Holocene in NSCS.

关键词： clay mineral oxygen and carbon isotopes calcium carbonate content South china Sea paleoenvironmental evolution

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Energy and Water Balance at Soil-Air Interface in a Sahelian Region

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Advances in atmospheric sciences 2001年第5期18卷 897-909页

作者： Minwei qian, N. Loglisci, C. Cassardo, A. Longhetto, C. Giraud department of General Physics, university of Turin, Italy Institute of atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100029, Institute of Cosmo-Geophysics, National Research Counci department of General Physics university of Turin Turin Italy Institute of atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing china Institute of Cosmo-Geophysics National Research Council (CNR) Turin Italy ICSC-World Laboratory Lausanne Switzerland

The aim of this work is an improvement of the parameterization of the soil moisture in the scheme of the Land Surface Process Model (LSPM) for applications over desert areas. In fact, in very dry conditions, the water vapour flux plays an important role in the evaporation processes and influences the underground profiles of humidity and temperature. The improved version of soil moisture parameterization in the LSPM scheme has been checked by using the data taken from the database of the field experiment HAPEX-Sahel (Hydrology-Atmosphere Pilot Experiment in the Sahel, 1990-1992). Model simulations refer to three dif- ferent stations located in Niger (Fallow, Millet and Tiger sites) where input data for LSPM and observations were simultaneously available. The results of simulations, taking into account the water vapour flux in the soil model LSPM, seem to compare better with the observed behaviour of soil moisture and turbulent heat fluxes than those overlooking the water vapour flux, confirming the great importance of the water vapour in such dry conditions.

关键词： Drought Heavy rain Water vapour Soil moisture Evaporation LSPM SVAT HAPEX Sahel Niger

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