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Zn-air batteries for electric vehicles

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Tungsten 2024年第1期6卷 164-173页

作者： Nai-qi Meng yu-Xin Fan jing-Sheng Cai State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS(SIEMIS)Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Institute of New Energy for Vehicles School of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

The increasingly serious environmental challenges have gradually aroused people's interest in electric *** the last decade,governments and automakers have collaborated on the manufacturing of electric vehicles with high ***-edge battery technologies are pivotal for the performance of electric ***-air batteries are considered as potential power batteries for electric vehicles due to their high ***-air battery researches can be classified into three categories:primary batteries,mechanically rechargeable batteries,and chemically rechargeable *** majority of current studies aim at developing and improving chemically rechargeable and mechanically rechargeable Zn-air *** have tried to use catalytic materials design and device design for Zn-air batteries to make it possible for their applications in electric *** review will highlight the state-of-the-art in primary batteries,mechanically rechargeable batteries,and chemically rechargeable batteries,revealing the prospects of Zn-air batteries for electric vehicles.

关键词： Energy storage Electric vehicles Bifunctional oxygen catalysts Mechanically rechargeable Zn-air batteries Chemically rechargeable Zn-air batteries

Propofol protects against blood-spinal cord barrier disruption induced by ischemia/reperfusion injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第1期12卷 125-132页

作者： Li-jie Xie Jin-xiu Huang Jian Yang Fen yuan Shuang-shuang Zhang qi-jing yu Ji Hu Department of Anesthesiology Liyuan Hospital of Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science & Technology Department of Anesthesiology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University

Propofol has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects on the injured spinal ***,the effect of propofol on the blood-spinal cord barrier（BSCB） after ischemia/reperfusion injury（IRI） is poorly ***,we investigated whether propofol could maintain the integrity of the *** cord IRI（SCIRI） was induced in rabbits by infrarenal aortic occlusion for 30 ***,30 mg/kg,was intravenously infused 10 minutes before aortic clamping as well as at the onset of ***,48 hours later,we performed histological and m RNA/protein analyses of the spinal *** decreased histological damage to the spinal cord,attenuated the reduction in BSCB permeability,downregulated the m RNA and protein expression levels of matrix metalloprotease-9（MMP-9） and nuclear factor-κB（NF-κB）,and upregulated the protein expression levels of occludin and *** findings suggest that propofol helps maintain BSCB integrity after SCIRI by reducing MMP-9 expression,by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway,and by maintaining expression of tight junction proteins.

关键词： nerve regeneration spinal cord ischemia reperfusion injury blood–spinal cord barrier propofol matrix metalloprotease-9 nuclear factor-κB tight junction proteins neural regeneration

Engineered interface of three-dimensional coralliform NiS/FeS_(2)heterostructures for robust electrocatalytic water cleavage

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 4693-4701页

作者： Xin yu jing Mei Yeshuang Du Xiaohong Cheng Xing Wang qi Wu State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430073China Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis&Reuse Technology College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHubei Normal UniversityHuangshi 435002China Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyang 441053China

Heterojunction structures improve the intrinsic activity of electrocatalysts by enhancing the charge transfer between the catalyst and the *** this paper,the NiS/FeS_(2)heterostructured electrocatalyst is fabricated by a simple sulfidation method using an interface engineering strategy to adjust the surface electron density of the *** expected,NiS/FeS_(2)electrocatalyst exhibits superior activity and durable oxygen evolution reaction(OER)stability,requiring only a low overpotential of 183 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA·cm^(−2)and can be stable for more than 80 h,superior to NiS,FeS_(2)electrocatalyst individually,and precious RuO_(2).Notably,NiS/FeS_(2)is also a good bifunctional electrocatalyst with good overall water splitting performance,and it only requires a voltage 1.56 V to obtain a current density of 10 mA·cm^(−2)for more than 12 ***,the NiS/FeS_(2)hybridization facilitates the formation of coral-like structures,increasing the electrochemical surface area(ECSA)and enhancing the charge transfer efficiency,thus leading to excellent electrocatalytic *** work proposes a constructive strategy for designing efficient electrocatalysts based on interface engineering,and lays a foundation for designing a new class of electrocatalysts.

关键词： NiS/FeS_(2) interface engineering nanorods bifunctional water splitting

Effect of temperature and reaction path interaction on fluidization reduction kinetics of iron ore powder

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第8期31卷 1840-1849页

作者： Guo-min Zhu Ming-wei Hu An-nan Dou Jin-yu Huang jing Ding qi-yan Xu School of Metallurgical Engineering Anhui University of TechnologyMa'anshan 243002AnhuiChina

Due to the instability of FeO at temperatures below 843 K,the fuidization reduction pathway of iron ore powder changes with the reduction ***,the effect of temperature and reaction pathway interaction on the kinetics of fuidization reduction of iron ore powder under low-temperature conditions ranging from 783 to 903 K was investigated to describe the fluidization reduction rate of iron ore powder from three aspects:microstructure change,reaction limiting link,and apparent activation energy of the reaction,exploring their internal *** experimental results revealed that in a temperature range of 783-813 K,the formation of a dense iron layer hindered the internal diffusion of reducing gas,resulting in relatively high gas diffusion *** addition,due to the differences in limiting links and reaction pathways in the intermediate stage of reduction,the apparent activation energy of the reaction *** apparent activation energy of the reaction ranged from 23.36 to 89.13 kJ/mol at temperature ranging from 783 to 813 K,while it ranged from 14.30 to 68.34 kJ/mol at temperature ranging from 873 to 903 K.

关键词： Reaction limiting link Gas internal diffusion Interface reaction Apparent activation energy Iron ore powder Reaction pathway Fluidization reduction

Decreased eggshell strength caused by impairment of uterine calcium transport coincide with higher bone minerals and quality in aged laying hens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1258-1277页

作者： yu Fu Jianmin Zhou Martine Schroyen Haijun Zhang Shugeng Wu Guanghai qi jing Wang Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Feed ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory Gembloux Agro‑Bio TechTERRA Teaching and Research CentreUniversity of LiegeGembloux B‑5030Belgium

Background Deteriorations in eggshell and bone quality are major challenges in aged laying *** study compared the differences of eggshell quality,bone parameters and their correlations as well as uterine physiologi-cal characteristics and the bone remodeling processes of hens laying eggs of different eggshell breaking strength to explore the mechanism of eggshell and bone quality reduction and their interaction.A total of 24074-week-old Hy-line Brown laying hens were selected and allocated to a high(HBS,44.83±1.31 N)or low(LBS,24.43±0.57 N)eggshell breaking strength *** A decreased thickness,weight and weight ratio of eggshells were observed in the LBS,accompanied with ultrastructural deterioration and total Ca *** quality was negatively correlated with eggshell quality,marked with enhanced structures and increased components in the *** the LBS,the mammillary knobs and effective layer grew *** the initiation stage of eggshell calcification,a total of 130 differentially expressed genes(DEGs,122 upregulated and 8 downregulated)were identified in the uterus of hens in the LBS relative to those in the *** DEGs were relevant to apoptosis due to the cellular Ca *** values of p62 protein level,caspase-8 activity,Bax protein expression and lower values of Bcl protein expression and Bcl/Bax ratio were seen in the *** assay and hematoxylin-eosin staining showed a significant increase in TUNEL-positive cells and tissue damages in the uterus of the *** few DEGs were identified at the growth stage,similar uterine tissue damages were also observed in the *** expressions of runt-related transcription factor 2 and osteocal-cin were upregulated in humeri of the *** diameter and more structural damages of endocortical bones and decreased ash were observed in femurs of the *** The lower eggshell breaking strength may be attributed to a declined Ca transport due to uterine tissue damages,which

关键词： Bone parameter Calcium transport Eggshell quality Laying hen Tissue damage

Approximate analytical solutions for threedimensional ascent trajectory of a solid-fuel launch vehicle with time-varying mass flow rate

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第10期37卷 275-293页

作者： qi yu Wanchun CHEN Wenbin yu School of Astronautics Beihang UniversityBeijing 102206China

In the scenario that a solid-fuel launch vehicle maneuvers in outer space at high angles of attack and sideslip for energy management,Approximate Analytical Solutions(AAS)for the threedimensional(3D)ascent flight states are derived,which are the only solutions capable of considering time-varying Mass Flow Rate(MFR)at *** uneven MFR makes the thrust vary nonlinearly and thus increases the difficulty of the problem *** AAS are derived based on a 3D Generalized Ascent Dynamics Model(GADM)with a normalized mass as the independent *** simplify some highly nonlinear terms in the GADM,several approximate functions are introduced carefully,while the errors of the approximations relative to the original terms are regarded as minor ***,a finite series with positive and negative exponents,called Exponent-Symmetry Series(ESS),is proposed for function approximation to decrease the highest exponent in the AAS so as to reduce computer round-off *** calculate the ESS coefficients,a method of seeking the Optimal Interpolation Points(OIP)is proposed using the leastsquares-approximation *** to the artful design of the approximations,the GADM can be decomposed into two analytically solvable subsystems by a perturbation method,and thus the AAS are obtained ***,to help implement the AAS,two indirect methods for measuring the remaining mass and predicting the burnout time in flight are put forward using information from *** results verify the superiority of the AAS under the condition of time-varying MFR.

关键词： Approximate analytical solutions 3D ascent trajectory Solid-fuel launch vehicle Uneven thrust Energy management

Study of deep transportation and plugging performance of deformable gel particles in porous media

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 962-973页

作者： Wen-jing Zhao jing Wang Zhong-Yang qi Hui-qing Liu National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China

Deformable gel particles(DGPs) possess the capability of deep profile control and flooding. However, the deep migration behavior and plugging mechanism along their path remain unclear. Breakage, an inevitable phenomenon during particle migration, significantly impacts the deep plugging effect. Due to the complexity of the process, few studies have been conducted on this subject. In this paper, we conducted DGP flow experiments using a physical model of a multi-point sandpack under various injection rates and particle sizes. Particle size and concentration tests were performed at each measurement point to investigate the transportation behavior of particles in the deep part of the reservoir. The residual resistance coefficient and concentration changes along the porous media were combined to analyze the plugging performance of DGPs. Furthermore, the particle breakage along their path was revealed by analyzing the changes in particle size along the way. A mathematical model of breakage and concentration changes along the path was established. The results showed that the passage after breakage is a significant migration behavior of particles in porous media. The particles were reduced to less than half of their initial size at the front of the porous media. Breakage is an essential reason for the continuous decreases in particle concentration, size, and residual resistance coefficient. However, the particles can remain in porous media after breakage and play a significant role in deep plugging. Higher injection rates or larger particle sizes resulted in faster breakage along the injection direction, higher degrees of breakage, and faster decreases in residual resistance coefficient along the path. These conditions also led to a weaker deep plugging ability. Smaller particles were more evenly retained along the path, but more particles flowed out of the porous media, resulting in a poor deep plugging effect. The particle size is a function of particle size before inject

关键词： Physical simulation Deformable gel particle Breakage Particle size Residual resistance coefficient

A new liquid membrane diffusion model for characterizing the adsorption kinetics of europium by using a continuous measurement of adsorption platform

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 59-72页

作者： Hao-qi yu Tao yu Jian-Hua Ye State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China CGN Cangnan Nuclear Power Co. Ltd.Cangnan 325800China Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China School of Nuclear Science and Engineering East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

To explore the kinetic adsorption under continuous and nonequilibrium states, an integration of continuous measurement and adsorption platform kinetics method was proposed, which was initially called the ICM-AP kinetics method, and a corresponding kinetic adsorption experimental method was developed. Adsorption experiments of europium(Eu) on Ca-bentonite,Na-bentonite, and the D231 cation exchange resin were performed using the ICM-AP kinetics method and continuous measurements. Because the kinetic experimental results observed in this study were different from those of traditional batch adsorption data, pseudo-first-order or pseudo-second-order kinetic models were unsuitable for fitting the experimental ***, a liquid membrane diffusion(LMD) model was developed based on the assumption of simultaneous adsorption/desorption to discuss the mechanism of kinetic adsorption. The kinetic adsorption mechanism was also studied by using *** results indicated that the proposed adsorption model can fit the experimental data more suitably, and the adsorption/desorption behaviors of Eu on bentonite and the D231 resin were simultaneously observed, suggesting that the adsorption kinetics of Eu(Ⅲ) was mainly dominated by hydrated Eu(Ⅲ) ions on the liquid membrane.

关键词： ICM-AP method LMD model Adsorption mechanism Eu(Ⅲ)

Dietary supplementation with calcitriol or quercetin improved eggshell and bone quality by modulating calcium metabolism

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 340-355页

作者： yu Fu Jianmin Zhou Martine Schroyenjing Lin Haijun Zhang Shugeng Wu Guanghai qi jing Wang Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology Laboratory of Quality&Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Feed Hazards(Beijing)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Feed ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory TERRA Teaching and Research CentreGembloux Agro-Bio TechUniversity of LiègeB-5030 GemblouxBelgium

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of dietary calcitriol or quercetin supplementation on eggshell and bone quality of laying *** trial 1,72 Hy-Line Brown layers(80-week-old)with weak-shelled strength(25 to 30 N)were assigned into 4 dietary treatments with 6 replicates of 3 birds and fed a basal diet(4%calcium level)or basal diets supplemented with 0.5%calcium,5μg/kg calcitriol or 500 mg/kg quercetin for 4 *** trial 2,360 Hy-Line Brown layers(60-week-old)were divided into 3 groups with 8 replicates of 15 birds:control group(basal diet),calcitriol group(basal diet+5μg/kg calcitriol),and quercetin group(basal diet+500 mg/kg quercetin).This trial lasted for 12 *** results showed that dietary calcitriol or quercetin improved eggshell quality in both trials(P<0.05).In trial 2,compared with the control group,both calcitriol and quercetin supplementations improved femoral bone quality,calcium retention of hens and calcium content in uterine fluid at 18.5 h post-oviposition(PO)(P<0.05),along with enhancing uterine *** to the control group,supplemental calcitriol or quercetin up-regulated the relative mRNA expression levels of uterine transient receptor potential cation channel,subfamily V,member 6(TRPV6)at 8.5 h PO and plasma membrane calcium-ATPase(PMCA),vitamin D receptor(VDR),estrogen receptor alpha(ERα)at 18.5 h PO(P<0.05),but down-regulated the uterine caspase 3(CASP3)relative mRNA expression level at 8.5 h PO(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the femoral relative mRNA expression levels of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP)(up-regulated at 8.5 and 18.5 h PO)and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)(up-regulated at 8.5 h PO but down-regulated at 18.5 h PO)were also affected by calcitriol or quercetin supplementation(P<0.05).Compared to the calcitriol,quercetin increased hen-day egg production and femoral medullary bone volume/bone tissue volume but reduced femoral stiffness(P<0.05),which were accompanied by increased relative mRNA expression levels

关键词： Uterine calcium transport Bone remodeling Eggshell quality Bone quality Calcitriol Quercetin