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RECONSTRUCTION OF PRECIPITATION SERIES AND ANALYSIS OF CLIMATE CHANGE OVER PAST 500 YEARS IN NORTHERN CHINA

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2005年第6期17卷 737-745页

作者： RONG Yan-shu TU qi-pu College of water Resources and Environment Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China Tianjin Institute of Meteorological Science Tianjin 300074 China Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China

It is important and necessary to get a much longer precipitation series in order to research features of drought/flood and climate change. Based on dryness and wetness grades series of 18 stations in Northern China of 533 years from 1470 to 2002, the Moving Cumulative Frequency Method （MCFM） was developed, moving average precipitation series from 1499 to 2002 were reconstructed by testing three kinds of average precipitation, and the features of ell mate change and dry and wet periods were researched by using reconstructed precipitation series in the present paper. The results showed that there were good relationship between the reconstructed precipitation series and the observation precipiration series sincc 1954 and their relative root mean-square error were below 1.89%, that the relation between reconstructed series and the dryness and wetness grades series were nonlinear and this nonlinear relation implied that reconstructed series were reliable and could became foundation data for researching evolution of the drought and flood. Analysis of climate change upon reconstructed precipitation series revealed that although drought intensity of recent dry period from mid- dle 1970s of 20th century until early 21st century was not the strongest in historical climate of Northern China, intensity and duration of wet period was a great deal decreasing and shortening respectively, climate evolve to aridification situa- tion in Northern China.

关键词： reconstruction series dryness and wetness grades series precipitation series climate change Northern China

Impact on Soldiers' Work Efficiency at High Altitude

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Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering(English Edition) 2015年第2期24卷 51-57页

作者： pu qi-ran wang Yi-hao ZHOU qian-xiang School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

Harsh plateau environment, including hypobaric hypoxia, low temperature, solar radiation and high ultraviolet intensity, exerts great influences on soldier's neuropsychological function and physiological function. China's evaluation on plateau soldier's performance mainly focuses on the valuation of physical ***, few attention is paid on the changes of individual neuropsychological function, which refer to the changes of soldiers' emotion, psychological activity, and cognitive function, including perception, memory, thinking ability and ***, when setting the criterion to evaluate the performance of plateau soldiers,impacts from both neuropsychological and physical elements should be involved.

关键词： work efficiency neuropsychological function physiological function plateau hypoxia environment evaluation index

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不同储层渗透率下稠油油藏火驱开发特征

大庆石油地质与开发 2024年第5期43卷 89-97页

作者：赵帅蒲万芬蒋琪李一波袁成东西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室四川成都610500 天府永兴实验室四川成都610213 喀山联邦大学石油工程系俄罗斯喀山420008

储层渗透率直接影响火驱过程中的驱替压差、油墙的形成与聚集速度,明确渗透率对稠油火驱开发的影响规律十分必要。采用自主开发的燃烧管装置和多孔介质热效应监测装置,开展了火驱实验,分析不同渗透率下辽河稠油油藏火驱特征。结果表明:... 详细信息

储层渗透率直接影响火驱过程中的驱替压差、油墙的形成与聚集速度,明确渗透率对稠油火驱开发的影响规律十分必要。采用自主开发的燃烧管装置和多孔介质热效应监测装置,开展了火驱实验,分析不同渗透率下辽河稠油油藏火驱特征。结果表明:储层渗透率为650×10^(-3)μm^(2)时,火驱过程中各热电偶峰值温度达到550℃,燃烧前缘推进中温度没有下降,说明该渗透率下燃烧过程放热效率高,能够解除燃烧初期的油墙封堵;热效应监测装置能够高效快速地监测由于原油氧化燃烧反应所导致的温度变化,储层渗透率为480×10^(-3)μm^(2)时庙5区稠油燃烧峰值温度比储层渗透率为300×10^(-3)μm^(2)时高107℃,说明渗透率的提高增强了燃烧初期的放热,从而缓解了油墙的封堵效应。研究结果对不同渗透率稠油油藏火驱开发具有理论指导意义。

关键词：渗透率稠油火驱燃烧管多孔介质热效应监测装置燃烧特征

Assessment on alien herbicide-resistant gene flow among crucifers by sexual compatibility

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第15期50卷 1604-1611页

作者： ZHAO Xiangxiang LU Weiping qi Cunkou pu Huiming XIA qiuxia LU Dalei LIU Geshan wang Youping Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Crop Genetics and Physiology Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China Institute of Industrial Crops Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanjing 210014 China College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009 China

Cross-pollination and high cross-compatibility are frequently found in many cruciferous plants, which im-plies that there might be potential risk of alien gene flow among crucifers. In this work, the alien glyphosate-resistant gene flow between GM (Genetically modified) rapeseed vari-ety Q3 (Brassica napus) and 6 varieties from 5 cruciferous species was assessed by sexual compatibility through aniline blue fluorescence observation, manual cross, mentor pollina-tion with the mixture pollen and DNA identification. The results indicated that the compatibility indices of two B. napus varieties, B. juncea var. multiceps Tsen et Lee and Chinese cabbage (B. chinensis) (as female) with Q3 (as male) were 16.15, 12.77, 2.345 and 0.85, respectively. F1 plants were examined by PCR and all of these samples were confirmed as positive. Crossing between Orychophragmus violaceus, Des-curainia sophia (as female) and Q3 (as male) expressed high cross-incompatibility. Fluorescence microscope observation indicated that growing of pollen tube terminated at the upper 1/3 part of the style of O. violaceus and on the stigma surface of D. sophia. The mentor plants were further analyzed by PCR and all were shown to be negative. Under the neighboring growth and natural pollination conditions, the rates of gene flow to two B. napus varieties were 2.3278% and 2.1487%, respectively, B. juncea var. multiceps Tsen et Lee and Chinese cabbage were 1.0157% and 0.9236%, re-spectively. No gene flow was observed in O. violaceus and D. sophia. Frequency of gene flow was highly correlated with sexual compatibility. Due to possible alien gene flow among crucifers, special consideration and care should be taken to grow GM rapeseed.

关键词：除草剂十字花科植物荧光性遗传因子

Surface modification with ionic liquid for efficient CsPbI2Br perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Materiomics 2021年第5期7卷 1039-1048页

作者： Xingyu pu Jian Han Shuangjie wang Hui Zhou qi Cao Jiabao Yang Ziwei He Xuanhua Li State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXián710072China Northwestern Polytechnical University-Queen Marry University of London(NPU-QMUL)Joint Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Structures(JRI-AMAS)Xián710072China

The presence of numerous trap states on the perovskite surface severely affects the performance of inorganic CsPbI_(2)Br perovskite solar *** modification has been proven to be an effective strategy to passivate the surface trap states of CsPbI_(2)Br ***,most modifiers behave high volatility and insulation,not enough to further develop the CsPbI_(2)Br solar ***,an ionic liquid of 1-viny-3-propionate ethyl imidazolium chloride([PEVIM]Cl)is applied to modify the CsPbI_(2)Br film surface,yielding a compact film with enhanced *** surface trap states of CsPbI_(2)Br film are effectively passivated via the interaction between carbonyl group of[PEVIM]Cl and uncoordinated metal cations of CsPbI_(2)Br perovskite,leading to charge recombination suppression and charge transport ***,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of[PEVIM]Cl modified CsPbI_(2)Br device is obviously enhanced from 12.49% to 14.19% with an improved open-circuit voltage of 1.160 ***,the non-encapsulated device presents excellent thermal stability,still maintaining 91%PCE when heated at 85℃ in nitrogen atmosphere for 360 ***,the non-encapsulated device degrades only 11% PCE after stored at 50% relative humidity for 960 *** simple and efficient approach provides a promising direction to fabricate high-efficiency and stable inorganic perovskite devices.

关键词： Inorganic perovskites CsPbI_(2)Br Ionic liquid Surface modification High efficiency

Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on Properties of Cr8-Type Cold Work Die Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2010年第6期17卷 43-46,59页

作者： CHI Hong-xiao MA Dang-shen YONG qi-long WU Li-zhi ZHANG Zhan-pu wang Yong-wei Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 Yunnan China Institute for Structural Materials Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Beijing 100081 China Heye Special Steel Co Ltd Shijiazhuang 050031 Hebei China

The effect of cryogenic treatment on the properties of Cr8-type cold work die steel was investigated. The results show that cryogenic treatment increases hardness by decreasing retained austenite, but the degree depends on the austenitizing temperature. When quenching at lower austenitizing temperature, the steel can obtain higher tough- ness by cryogenic treatment substituting conventional treatment process. Cryogenic time has little effect on cryogenic treatment. Conversely, cryogenic temperature has a great effect on cryogenic treatment and the effect of cryogenic treatment is more obvious with decreasing cryogenic temperature. In addition, deep cryogenic treatment improves the wear resistance by precipitating more homogeneous specific carbides.

关键词： cryogenic treatment tool steel cold work die steel property wear resistance

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2种吻合术修复面神经缺损的疗效分析

临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志 2024年第5期38卷 395-399页

作者：范术杭孙健斌王琴塞娜季琦朱玉华申卫东戴朴杨仕明韩东一韩维举解放军医学院北京100853 中国人民解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医学部、解放军总医院第六医学中心耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医学部辽宁省妇女儿童医院

目的:探讨分析2种吻合术修复面神经缺损的疗效及影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2021年12月在我科行面神经吻合术(直接或改道)修复面神经缺损的30例患者临床资料,其中男21例,女9例,平均年龄(37.53±11.33)岁,均为单侧发病;术前H-... 详细信息

目的:探讨分析2种吻合术修复面神经缺损的疗效及影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月至2021年12月在我科行面神经吻合术(直接或改道)修复面神经缺损的30例患者临床资料,其中男21例,女9例,平均年龄(37.53±11.33)岁,均为单侧发病;术前H-BⅣ级2例、Ⅴ级9例、Ⅵ级19例;面瘫患者术前面瘫时间6个月以内21例,6~12个月6例,1年以上3例;面瘫原因包括胆脂瘤14例、面神经肿瘤6例、外伤6例、中耳手术损伤4例。手术入路包括颅中窝入路9例,迷路-耳囊入路8例,乳突-上鼓室入路7例,耳后颈侧入路6例。结果:随访2年以上。术中采用直接吻合10例:缺损位于颞骨外段6例,水平-锥段4例;改道吻合20例:缺损位于迷路-膝状神经节11例,内听道至膝状神经节及水平段近端4例,内听道3例,水平-锥段2例。术后H-B面神经评分为Ⅱ级2例、Ⅲ级20例、Ⅳ级8例,73.3%(22/30)患者能达到H-BⅢ级或更好。结论:面神经直接吻合术和改道吻合术均可修复面神经缺损,2种术式疗效无明显差异。多数患者能达到H-BⅢ级或更好。术前面神经功能评级及术前面瘫时间是影响面神经吻合效果的主要影响因素。

关键词：面神经缺损面神经吻合术周围神经修复

老年轮椅使用者对养老机构室外环境的感知评价研究

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城市建筑 2024年第14期21卷 107-111页

作者：马汇泽潘静普晋其布日内蒙古工业大学建筑学院内蒙古绿色建筑工程技术研究中心

随着老龄化的加剧,目前社会上已衍生出多种养老方式,例如居家养老、社区养老、机构养老等。研究以机构养老环境下的老年轮椅使用者为目标人群,通过建立感知评价体系的方式,探究老年轮椅使用者对养老机构户外环境的需求。研究认为应通过... 详细信息

随着老龄化的加剧,目前社会上已衍生出多种养老方式,例如居家养老、社区养老、机构养老等。研究以机构养老环境下的老年轮椅使用者为目标人群,通过建立感知评价体系的方式,探究老年轮椅使用者对养老机构户外环境的需求。研究认为应通过控制各项视觉景观要素的占比营造户外环境;结合周边环境要素,满足对安全性的需求;通过增加植物要素营造私密空间;通过放置休憩设施、增加硬质铺装促进社会交往。该研究可以为养老机构完善老年轮椅适用性的建设和改善提供参考。

关键词：马斯洛需求层次理论老年轮椅使用者养老机构室外环境感知评价

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早龄期机制砂混凝土抗压强度与弹性模量时效关系及本构模型试验研究

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公路工程 2024年第2期49卷 138-144页

作者：郭琦张卓蒲广宁刘斌孙虎平西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院陕西西安710055 西安市政设计研究院有限公司陕西西安710000

为了研究早龄期机制砂混凝土在单轴受压状态下抗压强度与弹性模量的时效关系和本构模型,通过对8组不同龄期的C60机制砂混凝土试件进行立方体抗压强度试验、静力受压弹性模量试验和单轴受压应力-应变曲线试验,并参考多种已有研究模型,建... 详细信息

为了研究早龄期机制砂混凝土在单轴受压状态下抗压强度与弹性模量的时效关系和本构模型,通过对8组不同龄期的C60机制砂混凝土试件进行立方体抗压强度试验、静力受压弹性模量试验和单轴受压应力-应变曲线试验,并参考多种已有研究模型,建立了早龄期机制砂混凝土在单轴受压状态下的抗压强度与弹性模量时效关系模型和分段式应力-应变本构模型。结果表明,采用的抗压强度与弹性模量时效关系模型和分段式应力-应变本构模型与试验数据吻合效果理想,能够较好地描述早龄期C60机制砂混凝土在单轴受压状态下的力学性能。

关键词：早龄期时效关系分段式本构模型

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