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Ammonia pyrolysis oxidation excited by nanosecond pulsed discharge:Global/fluid models hybrid solution

Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 385-396页

作者： Mingming zhang Hanyu Wu qi ch.n Jiaxin Yang Bonan Liu School of Mech.nical Electronic and Control Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University ch.na University of Petroleum

The kinetic characteristics of plasma-assisted oxidative pyrolysis of ammonia are studied by using the global/fluid models hybrid solution ***,the stable products of plasma-assisted oxidative pyrolysis of ammonia are *** results show that the consumption of nH3/O2and the production of n2/H2ch.nge linearly with the increase of voltage,which indicates the decoupling of nonequilibrium molecular excitation and oxidative pyrolysis of ammonia at low ***,the detailed reaction kinetics mech.nism of ammonia oxidative pyrolysis stimulated by a nanosecond pulse voltage at low pressure and room temperature is *** on the reaction path analysis,the simplified mech.nism is *** detailed and simplified mech.nism simulation results are compared with experimental data to verify the accuracy of the simplified ***,based on the simplified mech.nism,the fluid model of ammonia oxidative pyrolysis stimulated by the nanosecond pulse plasma is established to study the pre-sheath/sheath behavior and the resultant consumption and formation of key *** results show that the generation,development,and propagation of the pre-sheath have a great influence on the formation and consumption of *** consumption of nH3by the cathode pre-sheath is greater than that by the anode pre-sheath,but the opposite is true for OH and O（1S）.However,within the sheath,almost all reactions do not ***,by ch.nging the parameters of nanosecond pulse power supply voltage,it is found that the electron number density,electron current density,and applied peak voltages are not the direct reasons for the structural ch.nges of the sheath and ***,the discharge interval has little effect on the sheath structure and gas mixture *** research results of this paper not only help to understand the kinetic promotion of non-equilibrium excitation in the process of oxidative pyrolysis but also help to explore th

关键词： nanosecond pulsed discharge Ammonia Oxidative pyrolysis Fluid model Global model

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Flexible molecules dedicate to release strain of inverted inorganic perovskite solar cell

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 87-93页

作者： Hongrui Sun Sanlong Wang Pengyang Wang Yali Liu Shanshan qi Biao Shi Ying Zhao Xiaodan zhang Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and CellsNankai University Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable chemical Transformations Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)

The tensile strain in inorganic perovskite films induced by thermal annealing is one of the primary factors contributing to the inefficiency and instability of inorganic perovskite solar cells （IPSCs）,which reduces the defect formation ***,a flexible molecule 5-maleimidovaleric acid （5-MVA） was introduced as a strain buffer to release the residual strain of *** anhydride and carboxyl groups in 5-MVA interact strongly with the uncoordinated Pb2+through Lewis acid-base reaction,thus tightly“pull”the perovskite *** in-between soft carbon chain increased the structural flexibility of CsPbI2.85Br0.15perovskite materials,which effectively relieved the intrinsic internal strain of CsPbI2.85Br0.15,resisted the corrosion of external strain,and also reduced the formation of defects such as VIand *** addition,the introduction of 5-MVA improved crystal quality,passivated residual defects,and narrowed energy level ***,power conversion efficiency （PCE） of niOxbased inverted IPSCs increased from 19.25% to 20.82% with the open-circuit voltage enhanced from 1.164 V to 1.230 *** release of strain also improved the stability of CsPbI2.85Br0.15perovskite films and devices.

关键词： Inverted inorganic perovskite solar cells Flexible molecules Strain release Crystallization Energy barrier High PCE

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Visible-light-responsive homologous heterostructure of oxynitrides constructed to boost charge separation and water splitting

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Science ch.na chemistry 2025年第01期 186-191页

作者： Hai Zou Yunfeng Bao Xueshang Xin Yu qi Tengfeng Xie Fuxiang zhang State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of chemistry and chemical Engineering Liaoning Normal University College of chemistry Jilin University

Constructing type II heterostructures represents a widely recognized strategy for enhancing charge separation and photocatalytic efficiency,but it remains challenging to fabricate homologous heterostructures based on visible-light-responsive semiconductors,especially for popularly investigated （oxy）nitrides with low thermal ***,we synthesized a homologous heterostructure （denoted as YTOn＿H） based on the oxynitrides of YTaO4-xnyand YTa *** heterostructure exhibits type II band structure alignment and intimate interface achieved through a magnesium （Mg） powder-assisted nitridation *** with widely reported heterologous heterostructures,the as-obtained YTOn＿H homologous heterostructure could similarly exhibit enhanced charge separation as well as photocatalytic water splitting performance with respect to its counterparts(YTaO4-xnyand YTaOn2).Meanwhile,detailed structural characterizations and spectroscopy analysis have been made to confirm the formation of heterostructure and promotion of spatial charge separation.

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Lipid droplets in the nervous system:involvement in cell metabolic homeostasis

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 740-750页

作者： Yuch.n zhang Yiqing ch.n ch.ng Zhuang Jingxuan qi Robert ch.nhua Zhao Jiao Wang School of Life Sciences Shanghai UniversityShanghaiChina School of Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Basic Medical Sciences ch.nese Academy of Medical Sciences School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of new Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy BeijingChina

Lipid droplets serve as primary storage organelles for neutral lipids in neurons,glial cells,and other cells in the nervous *** droplet formation begins with the synthesis of neutral lipids in the endoplasmic ***,lipid droplets were recognized for their role in maintaining lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis;however,recent research has shown that lipid droplets are highly adaptive organelles with diverse functions in the nervous *** addition to their role in regulating cell metabolism,lipid droplets play a protective role in various cellular stress ***,lipid droplets exhibit specific functions in neurons and glial *** of lipid droplet formation leads to cellular dysfunction,metabolic abnormalities,and nervous system *** review aims to provide an overview of the role of lipid droplets in the nervous system,covering topics such as biogenesis,cellular specificity,and ***,it will explore the association between lipid droplets and neurodegenerative *** the involvement of lipid droplets in cell metabolic homeostasis related to the nervous system is crucial to determine the underlying causes and in exploring potential therapeutic approaches for these diseases.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease lipid droplet biogenesis lipid droplets lipid metabolism nervous system neurodegenerative disorders oxidative stress Parkinson's disease

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Metal nanoparticles decorated CoFe-(oxy)hydroxysulfides nanosheets fabricated by a general strategy for electrocatalytic water splitting

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 26-38页

作者： Xiaodong Yang Haoch.n Shen Xiaoming Xiao Zhichao Li qi Zhou Wei Yang Bin Jiang Yongli Sun Luhong zhang Zhenhua Yan School of chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University

This study presents a novel method to fabricate metal-decorated,sulfur-doped layered double hydroxides （M/SLDH） through spontaneous redox and sulfurization *** developed Ag/SLDH and Pt/SLDH catalysts with abundant heterogeneous interfaces and hierarchical nanostructures demonstrated outstanding oxygen evolution reaction （OER） and hydrogen evolution reaction （HER） performance,achieving low overpotentials of 212 and 35 mV at 10 mA cm-2in 1 M KOH,*** both anode and cathode in water splitting,they required only 1.47 V to reach 10 mA cm-2and exhibited high structural robustness,maintaining stability at 1000 mA cm-2for 300 ***-situ Raman analysis revealed that the synergistic effects of metal nanoparticles and S doping significantly promote the transformation into the S-Co1-xFexOOH layer,which serves as the active phase for water ***,ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy （UPS） and density functional theory （DFT） analyses indicated that incorporating metal nanoparticles and S doping increase electron density near the Fermi level and reduce reaction energy barriers,thus enhancing intrinsic OER and HER *** study provides a scalable strategy for synthesizing high-performance electrocatalysts for water splitting,with promising potential for broader applications.

关键词： LDH Spontaneous reaction Metal nanoparticles Water splitting

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Staged dendrite suppression for high safe and stable lithium-sulfur batteries

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 674-683页

作者： Jun Jiang Zhenjie Lu Yanwen Ding Shujun Liu Zhijie qi Tian Tang Yunfan zhang Zhiyuan Ma Jingwen Sun Liang Xue Wenyao zhang Pan Xiong Xin Wang Junwu Zhu Yongsheng Fu Key Laboratory for Soft chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Science and Technology Jiangsu Pylon Battery Co.Ltd

The unavoidable dendrite growth and shuttle effect have long been stranglehold challenges limiting the safety and practicality of lithium-sulfur ***,we propose a dual-action strategy to address the lithium dendrite issue in stages by constructing a multifunctional surface-negatively-charged nanodiamond layer with high ductility and robust puncture resistance on polypropylene （PP） *** uniformly loaded compact negative layer can not only significantly enhance electron transmission efficiency and promote uniform lithium deposition,but also reduce the formation of dendrite during early deposition *** importantly,under the strong puncture stress encountered during the deterioration of lithium dendrite growth under limiting current,the high ductility and robust puncture resistance（145.88 MPa） of as-obtained nanodiamond layer can effectively prevent short circuits caused by unavoidable lithium *** Li||Li symmetrical cells assembled with nanodiamond layer modified PP demonstrated a stable cycle of over 1000 h at 2 mA cm-2with a polarization voltage of only 29.3 ***,the negative charged layer serves as a physical barrier blocking lithium polysulfide ions,effectively mitigating capacity *** improved cells achieved a capacity decay of only 0.042%per cycle after 700 cycles at 3 C,demonstrating effective suppression of dendrite growth and capacity attenuation,showing promising prospect.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur batteries Staged dendrite suppression Shuttle effect Surface-negatively-charged nanodiamond

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Endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury:PERK as a potential target for intervention

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1455-1466页

作者： Ju Zheng Yixin Li Ting zhang Yanlin Fu Peiyan Long Xiao Gao Zhengwei Wang Zhizhong Guan Xiaolan qi Wei Hong Yan Xiao Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases Ministry of Education&Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou ProvinceGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention GuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Department of Histology and Embryology Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry GuiyangGuizhou ProvinceChina

Several studies have shown that activation of unfolded protein response and endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress plays a crucial role in severe cerebral ischemia/reperfusion *** occurs within hours after cerebral ischemia,but the relationship between ER stress and autophagy remains *** this study,we established experimental models using oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation in PC12 cells and primary neurons to simulate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion *** found that prolongation of oxygen-glucose deprivation activated the ER stress pathway protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase(PERK)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha(e IF2α)-activating transcription factor 4(ATF4)-C/EBP homologous protein(chOP),increased neuronal apoptosis,and induced ***,inhibition of ER stress using inhibitors or by si RnA knockdown of the PERK gene significantly attenuated excessive autophagy and neuronal apoptosis,indicating an interaction between autophagy and ER stress and suggesting PERK as an essential target for regulating *** autophagy with chloroquine exacerbated ER stress-induced apoptosis,indicating that normal levels of autophagy play a protective role in neuronal injury following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion *** from this study indicate that cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury can trigger neuronal ER stress and promote autophagy,and suggest that PERK is a possible target for inhibiting excessive autophagy in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

关键词： apoptosis ATF4 autophagy C/EBP homologous protein cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury eIF2α endoplasmic reticulum stress PERK

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Integration of perioperative features and intragraft TCF7L2 expression to predict lipid metabolic disorder in liver transplant recipients

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Science ch.na Life Sciences 2025年第1期 297-299页

作者： Junbin Zhou Rongli Wei Guanghan Fan Zhengxing Lian Xuanyu zhang Linsong Tang Zhetuo qi Haiyang Xie Shusen Zheng qiang Wei Xiao Xu Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery People's Hospital of LishuiAffiliated Lishui Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityThe First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University nHFPC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryHangzhou First People's Hospital Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine Department of Urology The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Department of Liver TransplantationShulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Hangzhou Medical College Zhejiang University School of Medicine

Dear Editor, Liver transplantation(LT) is the only curative therapy for patients with endstage liver disease(He et al., 2023; Ling et al., 2022). Post-transplant hypertriglyceridemia(PTHT), which has an incidence of up to 32.8% in 6 months after LT, is one of the major post-transplant complications(Toshima et al., 2020).

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多模态场景下AIGC的应用综述

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计算机科学与探索 2025年第1期19卷 79-96页

作者：岳颀张晨康西安邮电大学自动化学院

虽然生成式人工智能（AIGC）已经能够在单一模态应用领域取得优异成果，可以利用人工智能技术生成文字、图像、视频等内容，但单一模态的特征表示很难完整包含某个现象的完整信息。为了提高模型的学习性能和生成能力，学者们提出将多模... 详细信息

虽然生成式人工智能（AIGC）已经能够在单一模态应用领域取得优异成果，可以利用人工智能技术生成文字、图像、视频等内容，但单一模态的特征表示很难完整包含某个现象的完整信息。为了提高模型的学习性能和生成能力，学者们提出将多模态信息应用在AIGC中。AIGC能够对输入的多模态信息进行融合，获取更丰富的上下文信息，帮助模型更好地理解和生成内容。深入探讨了AIGC处理多模态问题的基本架构、工作原理和挑战，并对近年来与多模态信息结合的AIGC模型进行了分类和归纳。总结了AIGC在多模态图像生成、视频生成、三维形状生成等方面的应用、挑战和发展方向。在图像生成方面，讨论了生成对抗网络（GAn）模型、扩散模型等技术的应用和局限性。在视频生成方面，分析了基于扩散模型的视频生成技术，并探讨了音视频联合生成的方法。在三维形状生成方面，探讨了扩散模型和神经网络指导下的三维形状生成方法。最后提出了AIGC面临的挑战与未来潜在的研究方法。

关键词：生成式人工智能(AIGC) 多模态大语言模型

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Pulp health and calcific healing of a complicated crown–root fracture with additional root fracture in a maxillary incisor: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第3期13卷 42-49页

作者： na Li Yue-Yue Ren Ying Tang qi Yang Tian-Tian Meng Song Li Jing zhang Stomatological Hospital and College Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Endodontics The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221000Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUnD Complicated crown–root fracture (CRF) involves severe injury to the crown, root,and pulp, and may be accompanied by multiple root fractures. The loss of a toothhas lifelong consequences for children and teenagers, but the maintenance of pulphealth and the calcific healing of multiple root fractures are rarely reported in *** SUMMARY This case reports healing of a permanent tooth with complicated crown–root andadditional root fractures, in which pulp health was maintained. A 10-year-old girlfell and fractured the root of her maxillary left central incisor at the cervical *** the coronal fragment was repositioned, the tooth was splinted until thetooth was no longer mobile, 2 years later. Eight years after treatment, the toothhas remained asymptomatic with vital pulp and localized gingival ***-beam computed tomography revealed not only calcified healing of the CRFbut also spontaneous healing in an additional undiagnosed root fracture. Thefracture line on the enamel could not be healed by hard tissue and formed agroove in the cervical crown. It was speculated that the groove was related to thelocalized gingival *** This case provides a clinical perspective of the treatment of a tooth with acomplicated CRF and an additional root fracture.

关键词： Complicated crown-root fracture Multiple root fracture Spontaneous healing Cone-beam computed tomography Long-term follow-up Case report

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