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Three-dimensional numerical analysis of plant-soil hydraulic interactions on pore water pressure of vegetated slope under different rainfall patterns

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第9期16卷 3696-3706页

作者： Haowen Guo Charles w.ng wai ng qi Zhang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

Understanding the pore water pressure distribution in unsaturated soil is crucial in predicting shallow landslides triggered by rainfall,mainly when dealing with different temporal patterns of rainfall ***,the hydrological response of vegetated slopes,especially three-dimensional(3D)slopes covered with shrubs,under different rainfall patterns remains unclear and requires further *** address this issue,this study adopts a novel 3D numerical model for simulating hydraulic interactions between the root system of the shrub and the surrounding *** series of numerical parametric studies are conducted to investigate the influences of slope inclination,rainfall pattern and rainfall *** rainfall patterns(advanced,bimodal,delayed,and uniform)and two rainfall durations(4-h intense and 168-h mild rainfall)are considered to study the hydrological response of the *** computed results show that 17%higher transpiration-induced suction is found for a steeper slope,which remains even after a short,intense rainfall with a 100-year return *** extreme rainfalls with advanced(PA),bimodal(PB)and uniform(PU)rainfall patterns need to be considered for the short rainfall duration(4 h),while the delayed(PD)and uniform(PU)rainfall patterns are highly recommended for long rainfall durations(168 h).The presence of plants can improve slope stability markedly under extreme rainfall with a short duration(4 h).For the long duration(168 h),the benefit of the plant in preserving pore-water pressure(PwP)and slope stability may not be sufficient.

关键词： Root-soil interactions Rainfall patterns Slope stability Three-dimensional(3D)

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Modelling the water diversion of a sustainable cover system under humid climates

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2429-2440页

作者： Haowen Guo Charles w.ng wai ng qi Zhang Chuanxiang Qu Liwen Hu Shenzhen Research Institute of Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518057China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong SAR999077China CCCC Fourth Harbor Engineering Institute Co. LtdGuangzhou510230China

Extreme rainfall significantly threatens the safety of the landfill cover system,especially under humid *** study aims to provide design recommendations for a sustainable landfill cover system consisting of a low-permeability soil layer underlying a two-layer capillary barrier for humid ***,the numerical back-analysis was conducted for verification against a series of flume model ***,a parametric study was performed to investigate the effects of inclination angle,particle size and layer thickness on the lateral diversion length(DL)of the three-layer cover system under the 100-year return period rainfall of humid *** results show that the water lateral DL of the cover system can be greatly enhanced by increasing the inclination angle from 3°to 18°.Moreover,the bottom layer of the cover system with a coarser d10 was more susceptible to the impact of the heavy rainfall,while this can be alleviated by increasing the thickness of the bottom layer.A dimensionless number,defined as the ratio of thickness and d_(10) of the bottom layer,is proposed for designing lateral diversion of the three-layer cover system under humid *** preserve the maximum DL,it is suggested that the proposed dimensionless number should be larger than 95 and 110 for the design of rainfall events with 50-year and 100-year return periods for humid climates,respectively.

关键词： Unsaturated soil Recycling Construction waste Three-layer landfill cover water infiltration

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Three-year field study on grass growth and soil hydrological properties in biochar-amended soil

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2764-2774页

作者： Haowen Guo Charles w.ng wai ng Junjun Ni qi Zhang Yuchen w.ng Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina School of Transportation Southeast UniversityNanjingChina

Field monitoring was conducted to investigate and quantify the long-term effects of peanut shell biochar on soil-grass interaction over three *** 10 m5 m grassed plots were constructed in completely decomposed granitic *** of them were amended,respectively,with 5%and 10%biochar contents(m^(3)/m^(3))for grass growth,while the third was without biochar *** the threeyear monitoring,plant characteristics,saturated water permeability(k_(s))of grassed soil and soil suction were *** monitored results show that the grass leaf area index(LAI)and root length density(RLD)with biochar amendment were improved by 38%and 200%,*** the grassed plot without biochar,a threshold RLD existed with a value of 1.7 cm/cm^(3),beyond which k_(s) raised *** threshold RLD increased by 52%when biochar content increased from 0%to 10%.This implies that biochar may restrict the increase in k_(s) of grassed soil due to the rise in the threshold *** presence of biochar and grass can retain over 100%higher suction after heavy rainfalls,while 54%lower peak suction under evapotranspiration(ET)compared with the non-amended *** can alleviate the negative effects on hydraulic properties caused by plant growth and reduce ET-induced excessive water loss.A 5%peanut shell biochar content is recommended for the long-term management of vegetated earthen infrastructures.

关键词： Soil-grass interaction Biochar Long-term water infiltration Soil drying

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Casein kinase-2 inhibition promotes retinal ganglion cell survival after acute intraocular pressure elevation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 1112-1118页

作者： Meng w.ng Shi-qi Yao Yao Huang Jia-Jian Liang Yanxuan Xu Shaowan Chen Yuhang w.ng Tsz Kin ng wai Kit Chu qi Cui Ling-Ping Cen Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong ShantouGuangdong ProvinceChina Shantou University Medical College ShantouGuangdong ProvinceChina Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Intraocular pressure elevation can induce retinal ganglion cell death and is a clinically reversible risk factor for glaucoma,the leading cause of irreversible *** previously demonstrated that casein kinase-2 inhibition can promote retinal ganglion cell survival and axonal regeneration in rats after optic nerve *** investigate the underlying mechanism,in the current study we increased the intraocular pressure of adult rats to 75 mmHg for 2 hours and then administered a casein kinase-2 inhibitor(4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-2-azabenzimidazole or 2-dimethylamino-4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzimidazole)by intravitreal *** found that intravitreal injection of 4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-2-azabenzimidazole or 2-dimethylamino-4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzimidazole promoted retinal ganglion cell survival and reduced the number of infiltrating *** analysis showed that the mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway was involved in the response to intraocular pressure elevation but was not modulated by the casein kinase-2 ***,casein kinase-2 inhibition downregulated the expression of genes(Cck,Htrsa,Nef1,Htrlb,Prph,Chat,Slc18a3,Slc5a7,Scn1b,Crybb2,Tsga10ip,and Vstm21)involved in intraocular pressure *** data indicate that inhibition of casein kinase-2 can enhance retinal ganglion cell survival in rats after acute intraocular pressure elevation via macrophage inactivation.

关键词： casein kinase-2 glaucoma intraocular pressure elevation macrophages retinal ganglion cells

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Indications of pro-inflammatory cytokines in laparoscopic and open liver resection for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 257-264页

作者： Kevin Tak-Pan ng Li Pang Jia-qi w.ng w.ng Hoi She Simon Hing-Yin Tsang Chung Mau Lo Kwan Man Tan To Cheung Department of Surgery HKU-SZH&School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Liver Research The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Background:Our clinical practice of laparoscopic liver resection(LLR)had achieved better short-term and long-term benefits for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)over open liver resection(OLR),but the underlying mechanisms are not *** study was to find out whether systemic inflammation plays an important ***:A total of 103 patients with early-stage HCC under liver resection were enrolled(LLR group,n=53;OLR group,n=50).The expression of 9 inflammatory cytokines in patients at preoperation,postoperative day 1(POD1)and POD7 was quantified by Luminex Multiplex *** relationships of the cytokines and the postoperative outcomes were compared between LLR and ***:Seven of the circulating cytokines were found to be significantly upregulated on POD1 after LLR or OLR compared to their preoperative *** to OLR,the POD1 levels of granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF),interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-8,and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)in the LLR group were significantly *** POD1 levels of these cytokines were significantly correlated with longer operative time and higher volume of blood loss during *** levels of these cytokines were positively associated with postoperative liver injury,and the length of hospital ***,a high level of IL-6 at POD1 was a risk factor for HCC recurrence and poor disease-free survival after liver ***:Significantly lower level of GM-CSF,IL-6,IL-8,and MCP-1 after liver resection represented a milder systemic inflammation which might be an important mechanism to offer better short-term and long-term outcomes in LLR over OLR.

关键词： Laparoscopic liver resection Open liver resection Hepatocellular carcinoma Postoperative cytokines Inflammatory responses

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Detecting fake reviewers in heterogeneous networks of buyers and sellers:a collaborative training-based spammer group algorithm

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Cybersecurity 2024年第2期7卷 44-67页

作者： qi Zhang Zhixiang Liang Shujuan Ji Benyong Xing Dickson K.w.Chiu Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of wisdom Mine Information Technology Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590ShandongChina Zhejang University-University of linois at Urbana-Champaign Institute Haining 314499ZhejiangChina School of Civil Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Faculty of Education The University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong KongChina

It is not uncommon for malicious sellers to collude with fake reviewers(also called spammers)to write fake reviews for multiple products to either demote competitors or promote their products'reputations,forming a gray industry *** detect spammer groups in a heterogeneous network with rich semantic information from both buyers and sellers,researchers have conducted extensive research using Frequent Item Mining-based and graph-based ***,these methods cannot detect spammer groups with cross-product attacks and do not jointly consider structural and attribute features,and structure-attribute correlation,resulting in poorer detection ***-fore,we propose a collaborative training-based spammer group detection algorithm by constructing a heterogene-ous induced sub-network based on the target product set to detect cross-product attack spammer *** jointly consider all available features,we use the collaborative training method to learn the feature representations of *** addition,we use the DBSCAN clustering method to generate candidate groups,exclude innocent ones,and rank them to obtain spammer *** experimental results on real-world datasets indicate that the overall detection performance of the proposed method is better than that of the baseline methods.

关键词： Spammer group Heterogeneous network Collaborative training DBSCAN

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Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 945-997页

作者： Jian Sheng Loh wen qi Mak Li Kar Stella Tan Chu Xin ng Hong Hao Chan Shiau Hueh Yeow Jhi Biau Foo Yong Sze Ong Chee wun How Kooi Yeong Khaw School of Pharmacy Monash University MalaysiaJalan Lagoon Selatan47500 Bandar SunwaySelangorMalaysia School of Pharmacy Faculty of Health&Medical SciencesTaylor’s University1Jalan TaylorsSubang Jaya 47500 SelangorMalaysia Digital Health&Medical Advancements Taylor’s University1Jalan TaylorsSubang Jaya 47500 SelangorMalaysia School of Biosciences Faculty of Health&Medical SciencesTaylor’s University1Jalan TaylorsSubang Jaya 47500 SelangorMalaysia UCL School of Pharmacy University College London29-39 Brunswick SquareLondon WC1N 1AXUK

The human gastrointestinal tract is populated with a diverse microbial *** vast genetic and metabolic potential of the gut microbiome underpins its ubiquity in nearly every aspect of human biology,including health maintenance,development,aging,and *** advent of new sequencing technologies and culture-independent methods has allowed researchers to move beyond correlative studies toward mechanistic explorations to shed light on microbiome–host *** has unveiled the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system,referred to as the“microbiota–gut–brain axis”.The microbiota–gut–brain axis represents an important regulator of glial functions,making it an actionable target to ameliorate the development and progression of neurodegenerative *** this review,we discuss the mechanisms of the microbiota–gut–brain axis in neurodegenerative *** the gut microbiome provides essential cues to microglia,astrocytes,and oligodendrocytes,we examine the communications between gut microbiota and these glial cells during healthy states and neurodegenerative ***,we discuss the mechanisms of the microbiota–gut–brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases using a metabolite-centric approach,while also examining the role of gut microbiota-related neurotransmitters and gut ***,we examine the potential of targeting the intestinal barrier,blood–brain barrier,meninges,and peripheral immune system to counteract glial dysfunction in ***,we conclude by assessing the pre-clinical and clinical evidence of probiotics,prebiotics,and fecal microbiota transplantation in neurodegenerative diseases.A thorough comprehension of the microbiota–gut–brain axis will foster the development of effective therapeutic interventions for the management of neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： degenerative therapeutic diseases

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Solar evaporation for simultaneous oil-water separation and electricity generation with Janus wood-based absorbers

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第2期18卷 13-23页

作者： Yue Yang Ze Fu qi Zhang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of Environmental and Biological EngineeringNanjing University of Science&TechnologyNanjing 210094China Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering(Ministry of Education) School of Environmental Science and TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresCollege of Engineering and Applied SciencesKey Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation(Ministry of Education)Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional MaterialsNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Oily wastewater from ocean oil spills endangers marine ecosystems and human health. Therefore, developing an effective and sustainable solution for separating oil-water mixtures is urgent. Interfacial solar photothermal evaporation is a promising approach for the complete separation of two-phase mixtures using only solar energy. Herein, we report a carbonized wood-based absorber with Janus structure of comprising a hydrophobic top-layer and an oleophobic bottom-layer for simultaneous solar-driven oil-water separation and electricity generation. Under sunlight irradiation, the rapid evaporation of seawater will induce a separation of oil-water mixtures, and cause a high salt concentration region underlying the interface, while the bottom “bulk water” maintains in a low salt concentration, thus forming a salinity gradient. Electricity can be generated by salinity gradient power. Therefore, oil-water separation efficiency of > 99% and derived extra electricity power of ~0.1 w/m2 is achieved under solar radiation, demonstrating the feasibility of oil-water separation and electricity production synchronously directly using solar energy. This work provides a green and cost-effective path for the separation of oil-water mixtures.

关键词： Oily wastewater Carbonized wood Salinity gradient Electricity generation Solar irradiation

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All laser direct writing process for temperature sensor based on graphene and silver

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第1期17卷 45-55页

作者： qi Li Ruijie Bai Lianbo Guo Yang Gao Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Detection Technology School of Mechanical and Power EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China North Automatic Control Technology Institute Taiyuan 030006China wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science&TechnologyWuhan 430074China

A highly sensitive temperature sensing array is prepared by all laser direct writing(LDw)method,using laser induced silver(LIS)as electrodes and laser induced graphene(LIG)as temperature sensing layer.A finite element analysis(FEA)photothermal model incorporating a phase transition mechanism is developed to investigate the relationship between laser parameters and LIG properties,providing guidance for laser processing parameters selection with laser power of 1–5 w and laser scanning speed(greater than 50 mm/s).The deviation of simulation and experimental data for widths and thickness of LIG are less than 5%and 9%,*** electrical properties and temperature responsiveness of LIG are also *** changing the laser process parameters,the thickness of the LIG ablation grooves can be in the range of 30–120μm and the resistivity of LIG can be regulated within the range of 0.031–67.2Ω・*** percentage temperature coefficient of resistance(TCR)is calculated as−0.58%/°***,the FEA photothermal model is studied through experiments and simulations data regarding LIS,and the average deviation between experiment and simulation is less than 5%.The LIS sensing samples have a thickness of about 14μm,an electrical resistivity of 0.0001–100Ω・m is insensitive to temperature and pressure ***,for a LIS-LIG based temperature sensing array,a correction factor is introduced to compensate for the LIG temperature sensing being disturbed by pressure stimuli,the temperature measurement difference is decreased from 11.2 to 2.6°C,indicating good accuracy for temperature measurement.

关键词： Laser direct writing Temperature sensor Finite element analysis Laser induced graphene Laser induced silver

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Visible Light Indoor Positioning System Based on Pisarenko Harmonic Decomposition and Neural Network

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 195-203页

作者： Li ZHAO Yi REN qi w.ng Lange DEng Feng ZHAng School of Electronic Information Engineering Xi’an Technological University

Visible-light indoor positioning is a new generation of positioning technology that can be integrated into smart lighting and optical communications. The current received signal strength(RSS)-based visible-light positioning systems struggle to overcome the interferences of background and indoor-reflected noise. Meanwhile, when ensuring the lighting, it is impossible to use the superposition of each light source to accurately distinguish light source information; furthermore, it is difficult to achieve accurate positioning in complex indoor environments. This study proposes an indoor positioning method based on a combination of power spectral density detection and a neural network. The system integrates the mechanism for visible-light radiation detection with RSS theory, to build a back propagation neural network model fitting for multiple reflection channels. Different frequency signals are loaded to different light sources at the beacon end, and the characteristic frequency and power vectors are obtained at the location end using the Pisarenko harmonic decomposition method. Then, a complete fingerprint database is established to train the neural network model and conduct location tests. Finally, the location effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified via actual positioning experiments. The simulation results show that, when four groups of sinusoidal waves with different frequencies are superimposed with white noise, the maximum frequency error is 0.104 Hz and the maximum power error is 0.0362 w. For the measured positioning stage, a 0.8 m × 0.8 m × 0.8 m solid wood stereoscopic positioning model is constructed, and the average error is 4.28 cm. This study provides an effective method for separating multi-source signal energies, overcoming background noise, and improving indoor visible-light positioning accuracies.

关键词： Neural networks Measurement uncertainty Position measurement Harmonic analysis Light emitting diodes Frequency estimation Indoor positioning systems

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