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Group B Streptococcus causes severe sepsis in term neonates:8 years experience of a major Chinese neonatal unit

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第4期13卷 314-320页

作者： Ying Dong Si-Yuan Jiang qi zhou Yun Cao Department of Neonatology Children's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Background:In contrast to industrialized countries,the clinical characteristics of neonatal sepsis caused by Group B Streptococcus (GBS) are largely unexplored in ***:A retrospective case series study was performed at a high-capacity neonatal unit in Shanghai,China from January 2008 to December *** characteristics of neonates with culture-proven GBS sepsis and antibiotic susceptibility of isolated strains were ***:Forty-three term neonates were included during the study *** majority (74.4%) had early-onset sepsis with symptoms of respiratory *** was significantly more common in lateonset sepsis than in early-onset sepsis (81.5% vs.18.8%,P<0.0001).Approximately one third of all patients (n=16)developed severe sepsis,defined as sepsis with organ dysfunctions,and respiratory dysfunction/failure was the most common (32.6%).The in-hospital mortality rate of GBS sepsis was 4.7%.Neonates who progressed to severe sepsis had significantly lower pH level at the onset of symptoms than those who did not (7.26±0.12 vs.7.39±0.05,P=-0.006).Treatment of severe GBS sepsis required lots of medical resources including extracorporeal membrane *** tested GBS strains were susceptible to penicillin,but the rate of resistance to clindamycin (84.0%) and erythromycin (88.0%) was ***:GBS as a pathogen for neonatal sepsis has been receiving little attention in *** data demonstrated that GBS sepsis was likely to be *** recognition followed by antibiotics and adequate supportive therapies was critical for successful *** clinicians should be aware of GBS infection when treating neonatal sepsis,especially in the absence of universal maternal GBS screening.

关键词： drug resistance neonate sepsis Streptococcus agalactiae

Removal of heavy metals from a contaminated soilusing tartaric acid

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第4期18卷 727-733页

作者： KE Xin LI Pei-jun zhou qi-xing ZHANG Yun SUN Tie-heng Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China Shenyang Agriculture University Shenyang 110161 China

This study reports the feasibility of remediation of a heavy metal （HM） contaminated soil using tartaric acid, an environmentally-friendly extractant. Batch experiments were performed to test the factors influencing remediation of the HM contaminated soil. An empirical model was employed to describe the kinetics of riM dissolution/desorption and to predict equilibrium concentrations of HMs in soil leachate. The changes of HMs in different fractions before and after tartaric acid treatment were also investigated. Tartaric acid solution containing HMs was regenerated by chestnut shells. Results show that utilization of tartaric acid was effective for removal of riMs from the contaminated soil, attaining 50%-60% of Cd, 40%-50% of Pb, 40%-50% of Cu and 20%-30% of Zn in the pH range of 3.5-4.0 within 24 h. Mass transfer coefficients for cadmium （Cd） and lead （Pb） were much higher than those for copper （Cu） and zinc （Zn）. Sequential fractionations of treated and untreated soil samples showed that tartaric acid was effective in removing the exchangeable, carbonate fractions of Cd, Zn and Cu from the contaminated soil. The contents of Pb and Cu in Fe-Mn oxide fraciton were also significantly decreased by tartaric acid treatment. One hundred milliliters of tartaric acid solution containing HMs could be regenerated by 10 g chestnut shells in a batch reactor. Such a remediation procedure indicated that tartaric acid is a promising agent for remediation of HM contaminated soils. However, further research is needed before the method can be practically used for in situ remediation of contaminated sites.

关键词： tartaric acid soil remediation heavy metals soil contamination

Influences of phosphate nutritional level on the phytoavailability and speciation distribution of cadmium and lead in soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第6期18卷 1247-1253页

作者： CHEN Su SUN Tie-heng SUN Li-na zhou qi-xing CHAO Lei Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Key Laboratory of Environment Engineering of Shenyang University Shenyang 100041 China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

A pot experiment was conducted to examine the influence of phosphate levels on the phytoavailability and speciation distribution of cadmium （Cd）, lead （Pb） in soil. Spring wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） was selected as the tested plant. There were 5 phosphate fertilizer（Ca（H2PO4）2） levels including 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg P2O5/kg soil, marked by P0, P1, P2, P3, and P4, respectively. CdCl2·2.5H2o and Pb（NO3）2 were added to soil as the following levels： Cd ＋ Pb = 25＋0, 0＋1000, and 25＋1000 mg/kg, marked by T1, T2, and T3, respectively. The results showed that the P fertilizer promoted the dry weight of wheat in all treatments and alleviated the contamination induced by Cd and Pb. With increasing levels of the additional P fertilizer, Cd concentration in different parts （root, haulm, chaffand grain） of wheat decreased at the P1 level at first and then increased. The soluble plus exchangeable （SE） fraction of Cd in soil decreased at the P1 level and then increased from P2 to P4 levels. The moderate P fertilizer reduced the phytoavailability of Cd. The application of P could obviously restrain the uptake of Pb by wheat and there were significantly negative correlations between the levels of P and the uptake of Pb. Phosphorus supply resulted in a decrease in the SE fraction of Pb and there was a significantly negative correlation between the levels of P and the SE fraction of Pb in soil. All the levels of the P fertilizer in this experiment could reduce the phytoavailability of Pb. Thus, it is feasible to apply the P fertilizer （Ca（H2PO4）2） to Pb contaminated soils. However, the levels of P application should be restricted in case that redundant P may increase the phytoavailability of Cd.

关键词： phosphate phytoavailability speciation distribution cadmium lead

Effect of Aging Temperature on Erosion-Corrosion Behavior of 17-4PH Stainless Steels in Dilute Sulphuric Acid Slurry

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2006年第5期13卷 73-78页

作者： LI Ping CAI qi-zhou WEI Bo-kang ZHANG Xian-zhong State Key Lab of Plastic Forming Simulation and Dies/Mould Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 Hubei China

The effect of aging temperature on erosion corrosion （E-C） behavior of 17-4PH stainless steels in dilute sulphuric acid slurry containing solid particles was studied by using self-made rotating E-C apparatus. The effect of impact velocity on EC behavior of 17 4PH steels at different aging temperatures was analyzed. Surface micrographs of the specimens after E C test were observed by using scanning electron microscope （SEM）. The results showed that under the condition of the same solution heat treatment, when aging temperature ranged from 400 ℃ to 610℃, the hardness reached the highest value near the temperature 460℃. The characteristics of E-C for 17-4PH stainless steels at different aging temperatures were as follows： pure erosion （wear） was dominant, corrosion was subordinate and at the same time corrosion promoted erosion. The effect of aging temperature on E-C rate of 17-4PH steels was not significant at low impact velocity, but it was found that E-C resistance of 17-4PH steels aged near 460℃ was the most excellent due to the best precipitation strengthening effect of fine and dispersed e-Cu phase. With a prerequisite of appropriate corrosion resistance, the precipitation hardening could significantly improve the E-C resistance of the materials.

关键词： aging temperature 17-4PH precipitation-hardened stainless steel erosion-corrosion (E-C) hardness

Energy corrugation in atomic-scale friction on graphite revisited by molecular dynamics simulations

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2016年第4期32卷 604-610页

作者： Xiao-Yu Sun Yi-zhou qi Wengen Ouyang Xi-qiao Feng Qunyang Li AML and CNMM Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua University Department of Engineering Mechanics School of Civil Engineering Wuhan University State Key Laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua University

Although atomic stick–slip friction has been extensively studied since its first demonstration on graphite,the physical understanding of this dissipation-dominated phenomenon is still very limited. In this work, we perform molecular dynamics（MD） simulations to study the frictional behavior of a diamond tip sliding over a graphite surface. In contrast to the common wisdom, our MD results suggest that the energy barrier associated lateral sliding（known as energy corrugation） comes not only from interaction between the tip and the top layer of graphite but also from interactions among the deformed atomic layers of graphite. Due to the competition of these two subentries, friction on graphite can be tuned by controlling the relative adhesion of different *** relatively low tip-graphite adhesion, friction behaves normally and increases with increasing normal load. However,for relatively high tip-graphite adhesion, friction increases unusually with decreasing normal load leading to an effectively negative coefficient of friction, which is consistent with the recent experimental observations on chemically modified graphite. Our results provide a new insight into the physical origins of energy corrugation in atomic scale friction.

关键词： graphite friction diamond sliding tuned stick dissipation decreasing chemically oscillatory

Variations in diet composition of sympatric Trachypithecus francoisi and Macaca assamensis in the limestone habitats of Nonggang, China

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Zoological Research 2018年第4期39卷 284-290页

作者： qi-Hai zhou Zhong-Hao Huang Hua Wei Cheng-Ming Huang Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection Ministry of Education Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology Guangxi Normal University Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Comparative studies of sympatric species are essential for understanding behavioral and ecological adaptation as well as the mechanisms that can reduce resource competition to allow coexistence. Francois＇ langurs （Trachypithecus francoisi） and Assamese macaques （Macaca assamensis） are sympatric primate species found in the limestone seasonal rainforests of Nonggang Nature Reserve, southwestern Guangxi, China. To explore their different adaptation strategies, we collected data on diet using scan sampling at 15-min intervals. Our results revealed that Francois＇ langurs showed a more flexible diet composition than Assamese macaques Francois＇ langurs increased dietary diversity and mature leaf consumption in response to seasonal scarcity of preferred young leaves and fruits, whereas Assamese macaques relied heavily on young bamboo leaves （Indocalamus calcicolus） in most months These variations reflect the differences in digestive physiology, morphology, and the temporal and spatial distribution of food resources.

关键词： Francois' iangurs Assamese macaques Diet composition Limestone habitat

Age-dependent expression of forkhead box O proteins in the duodenum of rats

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2011年第9期12卷 730-735页

作者： Pan HUANG Zhen-qi zhou Rui-hua HUANG Bo zhou Quan-wei WEI Fang-xiong SHI College of Animal Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

The O subfamily of forkhead box(FoxO) proteins is the downstream effector of the insulin-like growth factor-1/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B(IGF-1/PI3K/PKB) signal *** objective of the present study was to examine the expressions of three members of FoxO proteins,FoxO1,FoxO3a,and FoxO4 in the duodenum of Sprague-Dawley rats at different *** result demonstrated that the expression of FoxO4 in rat duodenum showed an age-dependent *** Day 21,there were no detectable localization and expression of FoxO4 in the duodenum,while,at Months 2 and 6,localization and expression of FoxO4 were *** addition,FoxO4 staining was primarily concentrated in the cell nuclei of the lamina propria around the intestinal gland of the duodenum in 2-month-old rats,but was not detectable in the same area in 6-month-old *** results showed also that although FoxO3a existed in the cytoplasm of the lamina propria at a low level at the 2-and 6-month marks,it was still not detectable at Day ***,FoxO1 was not detectable in all parts and *** together,our findings suggested that the cell-specific and age-dependent expressional patterns of FoxO4 and FoxO3a proteins in the duodenum play some roles in the development and growth performance of the rat duodenum.

关键词： O subfamily of forkhead box(FoxO) Age-dependence Duodenum Rat

China's ETS pilots: Program design, industry risk, and long-term investment

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2022年第1期13卷 82-96页

作者： Kai LI Shao-zhou qi Ya-Xue YAN Xiao-Ling ZHANG Climate Change and Energy Economics Study Center Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430070China Institute of Sociology Zhongnan University of Economics and LawWuhan 430073China Department of Public Policy City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Shenzhen Research Institute City University of HongKongShenzhen 518057China

The emissions trading scheme(ETS)is considered an effective policy tool for achieving emission *** present,China's ETS pilots have completed several compliance periods and provided rich experience for a national *** advantage of the variations in the regional ETS pilots across regions and sectors and over time,this study used a difference-in-difference-in-differences(DDD)model to examine the effects of ETS pilots and differential program design on industry risk and the impacts of risk on future investment ***,we found that the ETS pilots significa ntly increase profit variability(total risk)in China's industry;that is,ETS in duces greater uncertainty in the covered *** terms of industry heterogeneity,non-eleclricily sectors(specifically ferrous metal)engage in higher levels of risk ***,the influence of such program features as the allowance allocation(total amounts and approaches),China Certification Emission Reduction(CCER)trading volumes,and penalties are ***,during the period around the treatment,industry risk can significantly encourage longer rather than shorter *** particular,the punishment mechanism and benchmarking allocation play a positive role in regulating the risk-investment relationship.

关键词： ETS Program design:Industry risk Long-term investment China

Tsallis Entropy Based q-Gaussian Density Model and Its Application in Measurement Accuracy Improvement

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2017年第1期15卷 77-82页

作者： Xuan Xie Xi-Feng Li qi-Zhong zhou Yong-Le Xie School of Automation Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China

The central limit theorem guarantees the distribution of the measurand is Gaussian when the number of repeated measurement is infinity, but in many practical cases, the number of measurement times is limited to a given number. To overcome this contradiction, this paper firstly carries out the maximum likelihood estimation for parameter q in qGaussian density model developed under the maximum Tsallis entropy principle. Then the q-Gaussian probability density function is used in the particle filter to estimate and measure the nonlinear system. The estimated parameter q is related to the ratio between the measurement variance and the given variance, which indicates that the measurement accuracy cannot be improved if we only increase the repeated measurement times. Via using the proposed q-Gaussian density model,the measurement error（the average mean square error）of the estimation results can be reduced to a considerable level where the number of repeated measurement is limited. The experimental example is given to verify the proposed model and the measurement results prove the correctness and effectiveness of it.

关键词： variance entropy overcome infinity likelihood guarantees sequentially verify carries contradiction