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Numerical Study on Heat Transfer and Frictional Resistance of Two Types of Molten Salts in Straight Channels and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide in Airfoil Channels

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1443-1457页

作者： WANG Yanquan LU Yuanwei gao qi LI Feng MA Yancheng WANG Yuanyuan WU Yuting MOE Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy ConversionBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China

Molten salt and supercritical carbon dioxide(sCO_(2))are considered to be one of the most promising combined heat transfer refrigerants for third-generation solar thermal power *** evaluate the potential of chloride salts and carbonates in third-generation solar thermal power generation,this paper uses molten salts and sCO_(2)as the working media of printed circuit board heat exchangers(PCHE),and uses numerical simulation to study the heat transfer and friction of PCHE channels with different molten salts and sCO_(2),and establishes predictive correlations respectively.A local heat transfer and friction study was conducted on the sCO_(2)side of the airfoil channel,and it was found that the inlet mass flow rate has a significant impact on it,while the inlet temperature has a relatively small impact.A comprehensive comparison was made between the heat transfer and friction of two molten salts,and the comprehensive performance of chloride salts was 70%-80%higher than that of *** results indicate that the potential of chloride salts in third-generation solar thermal power generation is much greater than that of carbonates.

关键词： third generation solar thermal power generation sCO_(2) PCHE molten salt

Effect of lanthanum on inclusions in non-oriented electrical steel slabs

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第7期31卷 1680-1691页

作者： qiang Ren Zhi-yuan Hu Yun-xia Liu Wei-cheng Zhang Zi-qi gao Li-feng Zhang School of Mechanical Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004HebeiChina School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Research and Development Department Shougang Zhixin Qian'an Electromagnetic Material Co.Ltd.Qian'an 064400HebeiChina School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144China

The effect of lanthanum on the characteristics of inclusions in the slab of non-oriented electrical steels was investigated through industrial trials and thermodynamic *** number,size,and chemical composition of inclusions in the surface,one-quarter of thickness and the center of slabs with and without lanthanum addition were statistically analyzed using an automatic inclusion analysis *** the lanthanum-free slab,inclusions were predominately ***_(2)O_(3),MgO,and AlN as well as a small number of Al_(2)O_(3)-MgO-CaO and *** number densities of oxide inclusions and AlN decreased from the surface to the center of the slab,which was ascribed to the difference in cooling intensity during the continuous *** the steel with lanthanum addition,inclusions were modified into LaAlO_(3) and La_(2)O_(2)S and gradually transformed into dual-phase MgO-La_(2)S3 with an increasing distance from the slab surface due to the reaction between the lanthanum-containing inclusion and the steel *** uneven distribution of oxide inclusions along the thickness of the slab was eliminated in the lanthanum-bearing slab because the dissolved oxygen was remarkably decreased by ***-bearing inclusions were more likely to agglomerate AlN by inducing the heterogeneous nucleation of AlN on their surface,while small-size ***_(2)O_(3) inclusions hardly showed a coarsening effect on the size of AlN.

关键词： Lanthanum-Inclusion Non-oriented electrical steel Aluminum nitride Heterogenous nucleation

Universal origin of glassy relaxation as recognized by configuration pattern matching

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National Science Review 2024年第05期 343-351页

作者： Hai-Bin Yu Liang gao Jia-qi gao Konrad Samwer Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology I.Physikalisches Institut Universit?t G?ttingen

Relaxation processes are crucial for understanding the structural rearrangements of liquids and amorphous materials. However, the overarching principle that governs these processes across vastly different materials remains an open question. Substantial analysis has been carried out based on the motions of individual particles. Here, as an alternative, we propose viewing the global configuration as a single entity. We introduce a global order parameter, namely the inherent structure minimal displacement(IS Dmin), to quantify the variability of configurations by a pattern-matching technique. Through atomic simulations of seven model glass-forming liquids, we unify the influences of temperature, pressure and perturbation time on the relaxation dissipation, via a scaling law between the mechanical damping factor and IS Dmin. Fundamentally,this scaling reflects the curvature of the local potential energy landscape. Our findings uncover a universal origin of glassy relaxation and offer an alternative approach to studying disordered systems.

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Thermally-induced cracking behaviors of coal reservoirs subjected to cryogenic liquid nitrogen shock

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第8期16卷 2894-2908页

作者： Songcai Han qi gao Xinchuang Yan Lile Li Lei Wang Xian Shi Chuanliang Yan Daobing Wang College of Energy Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059China School of Engineering The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayPerthWA6009Australia School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580China School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Petrochemical TechnologyBeijing102617China

The benefits of using cryogenic liquid nitrogen shock to enhance coal permeability have been confirmed from experimental *** this paper,we develop a fully coupled thermo-elastic model in combination with the strain-based isotropic damage theory to uncover the cooling-dominated cracking behaviors through three typical cases,*** reservoirs containing a wellbore,a primary fracture,and a natural fracture network,*** progressive cracking processes,from thermal fracture initiation,propagation or cessation,deflection,bifurcation to multi-fracture interactions,can be well captured by the numerical *** is observed that two hierarchical levels of thermal fractures are formed,in which the number of shorter thermal fractures consistently exceeds that of the longer *** effects of coal properties related to thermal stress levels and thermal diffusivity on the fracture morphology are quantified by the fracture fractal dimension and the statistical fracture *** induced fracture morphology is most sensitive to changes in the elastic modulus and thermal expansion coefficient,both of which dominate the complexity of the fracture *** reservoir candidates with preferred thermal-mechanical properties are also recommended for improving the stimulation *** findings are that there exists a critical injection temperature and a critical in-situ stress difference,above which no thermal fractures would be *** natural fractures with higher density and preferred orientations are also essential for the formation of complex fracture *** obtained results can provide some theoretical support for cryogenic fracturing design in coal reservoirs.

关键词： Coal reservoirs Cryogenic shock Thermal cracking behaviors Fracture morphology

Porcine enteric alphacoronavirus infection increases lipid droplet accumulation to facilitate the virus replication

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 988-1005页

作者： qi gao Yongzhi Feng Ting Gong Dongdong Wu Xiaoyu Zheng Yizhuo Luo Yunlong Yang Zebu Song Lang Gong Guihong Zhang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control College of Veterinary MedicineSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Maoming Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureMaoming 525000China Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangzhou 510000China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Guangzhou 510642China

Coronaviruses are widely transmissible between humans and animals, causing diseases of varying severity. Porcine enteric alphacoronavirus(PEAV) is a newly-discovered pathogenic porcine enteric coronavirus in recent years, which causes watery diarrhea in newborn piglets. The host inflammatory responses to PEAV and its metabolic regulation mechanisms remain unclear, and no antiviral studies have been reported. Therefore, we investigated the pathogenic mechanism and antiviral drugs of PEAV. The transcriptomic analysis of PEAV-infected host cells revealed that PEAV could upregulate lipid metabolism pathways. In lipid metabolism, steady-state energy processes, which can be mediated by lipid droplets(LDs), are the main functions of organelles. LDs are also important in viral infection and inflammation. In infected cells, PEAV increased LD accumulation, upregulated NF-κB signaling, promoted the production of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-8, and induced cell death. Inhibiting LD accumulation with a DGAT-1 inhibitor significantly inhibited PEAV replication, downregulated the NF-κB signaling pathway, reduced the production of IL-1β and IL-8, and inhibited cell death. The NF-κB signaling pathway inhibitor BAY11-7082 significantly inhibited LD accumulation and PEAV replication. Metformin hydrochloride also exerted anti-PEAV effects and significantly inhibited LD accumulation, downregulated the NF-κB signaling pathway, reduced the production of IL-1β and IL-8, and inhibited cell death. LD accumulation in the lipid metabolism pathway therefore plays an important role in the replication and pathogenesis of PEAV, and metformin hydrochloride inhibits LD accumulation and the inflammatory response to exert anti-PEAV activity and reducing pathological injury. These findings contribute new targets for developing treatments for PEAV infections.

关键词： porcine enteric alphacoronavirus NF-κB inflammatory pathway lipid droplet metformin hydrochloride

Highly anti-corrosive NiFe LDHs–NiFe alloy hybrid enables long-term stable alkaline seawater electrolysis

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4321-4332页

作者： Jia-Hong Li Hao Chen Si-Hang You Gan-Xin Yang Peng Liu Meng-qi gao Shu-Guang Chen Fei-Fei Zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering National University of Singapore School of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin University

Owing to the significant potential of alkalin seawater electrolysis for converting surplus power into eco friendly hydrogen fuel,we developed bifunctional elec trodes that integrate low-crystalline NiFe LDHs and amorphous NiFe alloy on a Ni foam （NF） substrate to enhance this *** by the battery-like charac teristics of NiFe LDHs,an anti-corrosive and active oute layer of NiFevacOOH continuously forms over time in th hybrid on the anode for the oxygen evolution reaction（OER）,effectively mitigating powder shedding caused by corrosion induced by multiple anions in *** while,the strong bond between the hybrid and the NF substrate maintains intact hybrid coatings to ensure a rel atively high overall conductivity of the electrodes,signif icantly reducing the negative effects of structura degradation during the OER and hydrogen evolution reaction （HER）,as well as the accumulation of contami nants on the electrode *** long-term tests,thes bifunctionalhybridelectrodesmaintained stable performance,even at a high current density o500 mA·*** cell voltage increased by only 88 m V over 1000 h to 1.970 V during saline electrolysis and by103 mV over 500 h to 2.062 V during seawater electroly ***,this study provides valuable insights into efficient and stable seawater electrolysis using NiFe LDHs–NiFe alloy hybrids.

关键词： Bifunctional Corrosion NiFe LDHs Seawater electrolysis Stability

Beating the Fault-Tolerance Bound and Security Loopholes for Byzantine Agreement with a Quantum Solution

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Research 2024年第3期2023卷 445-455页

作者： Chen-Xun Weng Rui-qi gao Yu Bao Bing-Hong Li Wen-Bo Liu Yuan-Mei Xie Yu-Shuo Lu Hua-Lei Yin Zeng-Bing Chen National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and School of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials and Micro-nano Devices Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation(Ministry of Education)Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China.

Byzantine agreement,the underlying core of blockchain,aims to make every node in a decentralized network reach *** Byzantine agreements unavoidably face two major *** is 1/3 fault-tolerance bound,which means that the system to tolerate f malicious players requires at least 3f+1 *** other is the security loopholes from its classical cryptography ***,we propose a Byzantine agreement framework with unconditional security to break this bound with nearly 1/2 fault tolerance due to multiparty correlation provided by quantum digital *** is intriguing that quantum entanglement is not necessary to break the 1/3 fault-tolerance bound,and we show that weaker correlation,such as asymmetric relationship of quantum digital signature,can also *** work strictly obeys two Byzantine conditions and can be extended to any number of players without requirements for multiparticle *** experimentally demonstrate three-party and five-party consensus for a digital *** work indicates the quantum advantage in terms of consensus problems and suggests an important avenue for quantum blockchain and quantum consensus networks.

关键词： methods. quantum signature

当前疟疾形势与我国消除疟疾后的再传播风险与对策

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中国热带医学 2024年第1期24卷 1-5页

作者：高琪江苏省寄生虫病防治研究所世界卫生组织消除疟疾研究与培训合作中心国家卫生健康委员会寄生虫病预防和控制技术重点实验室江苏省寄生虫与媒介控制技术重点实验室江苏无锡214064

疟疾曾是我国流行严重的传染病之一,在几代人不懈努力下,我国疟疾防控从控制到消除取得了显著成效,特别是经过10年国家消除疟疾行动,成功阻断了本地传播,实现了年发病数从3000万到0。尽管我国成功消除疟疾,但全球疟疾流行依然严重,我国... 详细信息

疟疾曾是我国流行严重的传染病之一,在几代人不懈努力下,我国疟疾防控从控制到消除取得了显著成效,特别是经过10年国家消除疟疾行动,成功阻断了本地传播,实现了年发病数从3000万到0。尽管我国成功消除疟疾,但全球疟疾流行依然严重,我国原疟疾流行区仍存在传疟按蚊,每年有数千例境外输入病例,跨境阳性按蚊对边境地区再传播造成新的风险。防止输入再传播将成为我国消除疟疾后长期工作任务。本文总结了我国消除疟疾5项支柱和“1-3-7”策略,分析了全球疟疾形势和我国消除疟疾后的再传播风险新特点,提出了加强对防止疟疾输入再传播工作的支持、适时调整再传播风险分层、加强医疗机构对输入性疟疾的诊治能力和疾控机构再传播风险监测预警及应急处置能力、重视特殊抗疟产品生产/供应和创新研究等对策、措施的建议,以期为我国防止输入再传播工作提供参考。

关键词：疟疾再传播风险对策

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共有、共治与共享:大模型技术的发展之路

华中科技大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第2期38卷 57-65页

作者：高奇琦华东政法大学政府管理学院华东政法大学政治学研究院

大模型技术正在重塑人类社会,并可能产生出新的弱势群体。大模型技术的发展需要人民民主的价值理念,因为通过人民民主可以让那些新弱势群体在大模型技术发展过程中直接表达其诉求,通过温和谈判来缓和剧烈的利益冲突,同时用人民民主制度... 详细信息

大模型技术正在重塑人类社会,并可能产生出新的弱势群体。大模型技术的发展需要人民民主的价值理念,因为通过人民民主可以让那些新弱势群体在大模型技术发展过程中直接表达其诉求,通过温和谈判来缓和剧烈的利益冲突,同时用人民民主制度来保障大模型技术产生的效益被社会大众所共享。人民民主的内涵主要表现为以生产资料公有制为主体、人民共同参与政治和共享社会发展成果等内容,体现在大模型技术领域就是大模型技术的共有、共治和共享。大模型技术的共有意味着其未来作为智能技术时代的基础设施而存在。为了防止大模型技术被资本吞噬,国家需要以某种方式介入,通过构建统一公共算力平台,并使得创新型企业获得更多的发展机会。大模型技术的共治意味着,要形成以积极公民为中心的行动者网络、去商品化的共治逻辑、国家的适度干预,并从新弱势群体中发现新的奇异吸引子。大模型技术的共享意味着,需要更多重视再分配、差别原则和再承认等核心内容。再承认的关键是,要使得那些新弱势群体在能力建设的基础之上获得其第二次降生的机会。

关键词：大模型民主 ChatGPT