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A Software Defect Prediction Method Using a Multivariate Heterogeneous Hybrid Deep Learning Algorithm

Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 3251-3279页

作者： qi fei Haojun Hu Guisheng Yin Zhian Sun College of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin150001China Information Technology Research Department Jiangsu Automation Research InstituteLianyungang222062China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen518055China

Software defect prediction plays a critical role in software development and quality assurance processes. Effective defect prediction enables testers to accurately prioritize testing efforts and enhance defect detection efficiency. Additionally, this technology provides developers with a means to quickly identify errors, thereby improving software robustness and overall quality. However, current research in software defect prediction often faces challenges, such as relying on a single data source or failing to adequately account for the characteristics of multiple coexisting data sources. This approach may overlook the differences and potential value of various data sources, affecting the accuracy and generalization performance of prediction results. To address this issue, this study proposes a multivariate heterogeneous hybrid deep learning algorithm for defect prediction (DP-MHHDL). Initially, Abstract Syntax Tree (AST), Code Dependency Network (CDN), and code static quality metrics are extracted from source code files and used as inputs to ensure data diversity. Subsequently, for the three types of heterogeneous data, the study employs a graph convolutional network optimization model based on adjacency and spatial topologies, a Convolutional Neural Network-Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (CNN-BiLSTM) hybrid neural network model, and a TabNet model to extract data features. These features are then concatenated and processed through a fully connected neural network for defect prediction. Finally, the proposed framework is evaluated using ten promise defect repository projects, and performance is assessed with three metrics: F1, Area under the curve (AUC), and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC). The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms existing methods, offering a novel solution for software defect prediction.

关键词： Software defect prediction multiple heterogeneous data graph convolutional network models based on adjacency and spatial topologies CNN-BiLSTM TabNet

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Research of intelligence data mining based on commanding decision-making

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2007年第2期18卷 275-280页

作者： Liu Jingxue fei qi Dept. of Information Warfare Wuhan Commanding Communications Academy Wuhan 430010 P. R. China Inst. of Systems Engineering Huazhong Univ. of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China.

In order to rapidly and effectively meet the informative demand from commanding decision-making, it is important to build, maintain and mine the intelligence database. The type, structure and maintenance of military intelligence database are discussed. On this condition, a new data-mining arithmetic based on relation intelligence database is presented according to the preference information and the requirement of time limit given by the commander. Furthermore, a simple calculative example is presented to prove the arithmetic with better maneuverability. Lastly, the problem of how to process the intelligence data mined from the intelligence database is discussed.

关键词： Intelligence requirement Intelligence database Database maintenance Data mining arithmetic Intelligence processing.

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抗松针褐斑病湿地松胚性愈伤组织诱导及体胚产量影响因素的研究

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南京林业大学学报(自然科学版) 2025年第1期49卷 87-94页

作者：柯欣费琪夏馨蕊叶建仁朱丽华南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心南京林业大学林草学院

【目的】建立和优化抗性湿地松(Pinus elliottii)体胚发生体系，为湿地松优良抗性材料的大规模快速繁育奠定基础。【方法】以抗性湿地松4个家系的未成熟合子胚为材料，探究不同家系对胚性愈伤组织诱导的影响；选取增殖效果好、具有胚性... 详细信息

【目的】建立和优化抗性湿地松(Pinus elliottii)体胚发生体系，为湿地松优良抗性材料的大规模快速繁育奠定基础。【方法】以抗性湿地松4个家系的未成熟合子胚为材料，探究不同家系对胚性愈伤组织诱导的影响；选取增殖效果好、具有胚性胚柄细胞团(ESM)的胚性愈伤组织开展体胚成熟试验，从基因型、植物磺肽素(phytosulfokine, PSK)浓度及继代次数方面对体胚成熟条件进行研究。【结果】抗性湿地松4个家系之间胚性愈伤组织诱导率差异显著(P<0.05),其中，30号家系诱导率最高，为(29.8±5.6)%;32号家系诱导率最低，仅为(7.3±3.4)%,最终共获得37个可稳定增殖的胚性细胞系。35个供试细胞系中25.7%的细胞系可产生体胚，其中2007-3和2007-5成熟体胚产量显著高于其他细胞系，成熟子叶型胚数量平均分别为(91.3±7.0)和(89.8±8.4)个/mL,其余74.3%的细胞系未产生体胚。添加PSK对抗性湿地松体胚产量具有显著影响，其质量浓度为1 mg/L时，可显著提高体胚产量。随着继代次数的增加，成熟体胚数量呈下降趋势。其中细胞系2007-3成熟体胚数量在继代8次后逐渐下降，但第20代仍保持胚性；2007-5的成熟体胚数量随继代次数增多而下降，直至20代完全丧失胚性。【结论】家系对胚性愈伤组织的诱导影响显著。基因型和PSK含量可显著影响抗性湿地松体胚产量，同时胚性愈伤组织的胚性随继代次数的增加而降低。本研究优化了抗性湿地松体胚发生技术体系，可为湿地松优良基因型体胚繁育提供技术支撑。

关键词：湿地松体胚发生基因型植物磺肽素(PSK) 体胚成熟抗病育种

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Characterization of Lie Higher Derivations on Triangular Algebras

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2013年第5期29卷 1007-1018页

作者： Xiao fei qi Department of Mathematics Shanxi University

Let A and B be unital rings, and M be an （A, B）-bimodule, which is faithful as a left A-module and also as a right B-module. Let U = Tri（A,M, B） be the triangular algebra. In this paper, we give some different cha... 详细信息

关键词： Triangular algebras Lie higher derivations higher derivations

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Zircon Trace Element Constraints on U-Pb Dating:A Case Study of the Huayuangong A-type Granite in the Lower Yangtze Region,Eastern China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第4期95卷 1171-1182页

作者： qi fei YAN Jun School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China

For magmatic rocks,it is often found that zircon 206 Pb/238 U and 207 Pb/235 U ratios continuously plot on the concordia line with a relatively large age span for the same sample,which gives rise to large dating errors or even unrealistic dating *** the trace element concentrations of zircon can reflect its equilibrated magma characteristics,they can be used to determine whether all the analytical spots on the zircons selected to calculate the weighted mean age are cogenetic and formed in a single magma *** work utilizes the results of zircon trace element concentrations and U-Pb isotopic analyses to explore the screening of reasonable U-Pb ages,which can be used to determine a more accurate intrusion crystallization *** late Mesozoic Huayuangong granitic pluton complex,which is located in the Lower Yangtze region,eastern China,was selected for a case *** Huayuangong pluton comprises the central intrusion and the marginal *** samples from the marginal intrusion yielded consistent zircon weighted mean 206 Pb/238 U ages of 124.6±2.0 Ma and 125.9±1.6 *** analytical spots also exhibit Zr/Hf and Th/U ratios concordant with the evolution of a single magma,from which the dated zircons ***,for the central intrusion,the analytical spots on zircons from two samples all show a continuous distribution on the concordia line with a relatively large age *** each sample from the central intrusion,the zircon Zr/Hf ratios do not conform to a single magma evolutionary trend,but rather can be divided into two *** propose that zircon Zr/Hf ratios can provide a new constraint on U-Pb zircon dating and zircon Th/U ratios can also be used as a supplementary indicator to constrain zircon dating and determine the origins of the zircons and whether magma mixing has *** screening zircon analytical spots using these two indicators,the two samples from the central intrusion of the Huayuangong pluton produce results of 1

关键词： U-Pb zircon dating zircon Zr/Hf ratios zircon Th/U ratios magma mixing trace elements Yangtze

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Research of recognizing intelligence based on commanding decision-making

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2006年第4期17卷 775-780页

作者： Liu Jingxue fei qi Inst. of Systems Engineering Huazhong Univ. of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China Wuhan Communication Command Coll. Wuhan 430010 P. R. China

In commanding decision-making, the commander usually needs to know a lot of situations（intelligence） on the adversary. Because of the military intelligence with opposability, it is inevitable that intelligence personnel take some deceptive information released by the rival as intelligence data in the process of intelligence gathering. Since the failure of intelligence is likely to lead to a serious aftereffect, the recognition of intelligence is a very important problem. An elementary research on recognizing military intelligence and puts forward a systematic processing method are made. First, the types and characteristics of military intelligence are briefly discussed, a research thought of recognizing military intelligence by means of recognizing military hypotheses are presented. Next, the reasoning mode and framework for recognizing military hypotheses are presented from the angle of psychology of intelligence analysis and non-monotonic reasoning. Then, a model for recognizing military hypothesis is built on the basis of fuzzy judgement information given by intelligence analysts. A calculative example shows that the model has the characteristics of simple calculation and good maneuverability. Last, the methods that selecting the most likely hypothesis from the survival hypotheses via final recognition are discussed.

关键词： psychology of intelligence analysis non-monotonic reasoning fuzzy judgement recognizing model D-S theory LOWA operator.

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Challenges and perspectives of combustion chemistry research

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Science China Chemistry 2017年第11期60卷 1391-1401页

作者： Wenhao Yuan Yuyang Li fei qi Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

In the past decades, combustion chemistry research grew rapidly due to the development of combustion diagnostic methods,quantum chemistry methods, kinetic theory, and computational techniques. A lot of kinetic models have been developed for fuels from hydrogen to transportation fuel surrogates. Besides, multi-scale research method has been widely adopted to develop comprehensive models, which are expected to cover combustion conditions in real combustion devices. However, critical gaps still remain between the laboratory research and real engine application due to the insufficient research work on high pressure and low temperature combustion chemistry. Besides, there is also a great need of predictive pollutant formation model. Further development of combustion chemistry research depends on a closer interaction of combustion diagnostics, theoretical calculation and kinetic model development. This paper summarizes the recent progress in combustion chemistry research briefly and outlines the challenges and perspectives.

关键词： combustion chemistry combustion diagnostics validation experiments quantum chemistry calculation rate constant calculation kinetic model

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Enhanced hydrolytic removal of tylosin in wastewater using polymer-based solid acid catalysts converted from polystyrene

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 287-296页

作者： Shiling Li Shuhan Sun fei qi Xiaomin Dou Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Antibiotic production wastewater usually contains high concentrations of antibiotic residues,which can cause instability and deterioration of biological wastewater treatment units and also domestication and proliferation of antibiotic-resistance *** effective pretreatment on antibiotics production wastewater is expected to selectively reduce the concentration of antibiotics and decrease the toxicity,rather than mitigate organic and other contaminants before further *** this work,two polymer-based solid acids,PS-S and CPS-S bearing high concentrations of-SOH_(3)groups (up to 4.57 mmol/g),were prepared and successfully used for hydrolytic mitigation of 100 mg/L tylosin within 20 *** co-existence of high concentrations of COD and humic substances did not affect the mitigation of tylosin obviously,while more than 500 mg/L of nitrogenous compounds suppressed the hydrolytic *** and reuse experiments showed that the solid acids performed well in five cycles after *** transformation products (P1,P2 and P3)were identified using UPLC-QTOF-MS/*** moieties including mycarse,mycaminose,and mycinose detached and released simultaneously or in order from the 16-member lactone ring through desugarization,which led to a dramatic decrease in antibacterial activity as revealed by cytotoxicity evaluations using *** estimation indicated the acute toxicities of the hydrolyzed products to model species (e.g.,fish,daphnid and green algae) were classified as“not harmful”.This work suggested an effective and selective method to pretreat tylosin-contained production wastewater by using polymer-based solid *** results will shed light on effective elimination of antibiotics pollution from pharmaceutical industries through strengthening the pretreatments.

关键词： Polymer Sulfonation Solid acid catalysts Tylosin hydrolysis Antibiotic

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Characterizing Centralizers and Generalized Derivations on Triangular Algebras by Acting on Zero Product

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2013年第7期29卷 1245-1256页

作者： Xiao fei qi Jin Chuan HOU Department of Mathematics Shanxi University Department of Mathematics Taiyuan University of Technology

Let U = Tri（fit, M, B） be a triangular ring, where A and B are unital rings, and M is a faithful （A, B）-bimodule. It is shown that an additive map φ on U is centralized at zero point （i.e., ,φ（A）B = A,φ（B） = 0 whenever AB = 0） if and only if it is a centralizer. Let 5 ： U →U be an additive map. It is also shown that the following four conditions are equivalent：（1） 5 is specially generalized derivable at zero point, i.e., 5（AB） = δ（A）B ＋ AS（B） - Aδ（I）B whenever AB = 0; （2） 5 is generalized derivable at zero point, i.e., there exist additive maps τ1 and τ2 on U derivable at zero point such that δ（AB） = δ（A）B ＋ Aτ1（B） = τ2（A）B ＋ Aδ（B） whenever AB = 0; （3） δ is a special generalized derivation; （4） δ is a generalized derivation. These results are then applied to nest algebras of Banach space

关键词： Triangular rings Banach spaces nest algebras centralizers generalized derivations

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Additive Lie (ξ-Lie) Derivations and Generalized Lie (ξ-Lie) Derivations on Prime Algebras

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2013年第2期29卷 383-392页

作者： Xiao fei qi Jin Chuan HOU Department of Mathematics Shanxi University Department of Mathematics Taiyuan University of Technology

The additive （generalized） ξ-Lie derivations on prime algebras are characterized. It is shown, under some suitable assumptions, that an additive map L is an additive generalized Lie derivation if and only if it is the sum of an additive generalized derivation and an additive map from the algebra into its center vanishing all commutators; is an additive （generalized） E-Lie derivation with ξ -if and only if it is an additive （generalized） derivation satisfying L（ξA） =- ξL（A） for all A. These results are then used to characterize additive （generalized） ξ-Lie derivations on several operator Mgebras such as Banach space standard operator algebras and yon Neumman algebras.

关键词： Prime algebras ξ-Lie derivations generalized ξ-Lie derivations

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