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Tetherless Optical Neuromodulation:Wavelength from Orange-red to Mid-infrared

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第8期40卷 1173-1188页

作者： Chao Sun qi fan Rougang Xie Ceng Luo Bingliang Hu Quan Wang Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics(XIOPM)Chinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710119China Key Laboratory of Biomedical Spectroscopy of Xi'an Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging TechnologyXIOPMChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710119China Department of Neurobiology School of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an 710032China

Optogenetics,a technique that employs light for neuromodulation,has revolutionized the study of neural mechanisms and the treatment of neurological disorders due to its high spatiotemporal resolution and cell-type ***,visible light,particularly blue and green light,commonly used in conventional optogenetics,has limited penetration in biological *** limitation necessitates the implantation of optical fibers for light delivery,especially in deep brain regions,leading to tissue damage and experimental *** overcome these challenges,the use of orange-red and infrared light with greater tissue penetration has emerged as a promising approach for tetherless optical *** this review,we provide an overview of the development and applications of tetherless optical neuromodulation methods with long *** first discuss the exploration of orange-red wavelength-responsive rhodopsins and their performance in tetherless optical ***,we summarize two novel tetherless neuromodulation methods using near-infrared light:upconversion nanoparticle-mediated optogenetics and photothermal *** addition,we discuss recent advances in mid-infrared optical neuromodulation.

关键词： Optical neuromodulation Tetherless Orange-red wavelength responding rhodopsins Upconversion nanoparticle-mediated optogenetics Photothermal neuromodulation

Research progress of tumor-associated macrophages in immune checkpoint inhibitor tolerance in colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第10期16卷 4064-4079页

作者： qi fan Zheng-Wei Fu Ming Xu Feng Lv Jia-Song Shi qi-qi Zeng De-Hai Xiong Intestinal Center Chongqing University Three Gorges HospitalChongqing 404000China Department of Gastroenterology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina

The relevant mechanism of tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)in the treatment of colorectal cancer patients with immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)is discussed,and the application prospects of TAMs in reversing the treatment tolerance of ICIs are discussed to provide a reference for related *** a class of drugs widely used in clinical tumor immunotherapy,ICIs can act on regulatory molecules on cells that play an inhibitory role-immune checkpoints-and kill tumors in the form of an immune response by activating a variety of immune cells in the immune *** sensitivity of patients with different types of colorectal cancer to ICI treatment varies *** phenotype and function of TAMs in the colorectal cancer microenvironment are closely related to the efficacy of *** can regulate the phenotypic function of TAMs,and TAMs can also affect the tolerance of colorectal cancer to ICI *** play an important role in ICI resistance,and making full use of this target as a therapeutic strategy is expected to improve the immunotherapy efficacy and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance Tumor microenvironment Tumor-associated macrophages Review

Coupling ideality of standing-wave supermode microresonators

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Photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 1610-1618页

作者： MIN WANG YUECHEN LEI ZHI-GANG HU CHENGHAO LAO YUANLEI WANG XIN ZHOU JINCHENG LI qi-fan YANG BEI-BEI LI Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China

Standing-wave supermode microresonators that are created through the strong coupling between counter-propagating modes have emerged as versatile platforms for sensing and nonlinear *** example,these microresonators have shown potential in nanoparticle sizing and counting,as well as enhancing the single-photon optomechanical coupling rate of stimulated Brillouin ***,it has been observed that the relation between the mode linewidth and on-resonance transmission of the split supermodes differs obviously from that of the non-split *** behavior is typically quantified by the coupling ideality(I),which remains inadequately explored for the standing-wave *** this study,we theoretically and experimentally investigate the coupling ideality of standing-wave supermodes in a commonly employed configuration involving a Si O2microresonator side-coupled to a tapered *** findings demonstrate that,even with a single-mode tapered fiber,the coupling ideality of the standing-wave supermodes is limited to 0.5,due to the strong backscattering-induced energy loss into the counter-propagating direction,resulting in an additional equivalent parasitic *** achieving a coupling ideality of 0.5 presents challenges for reaching over-coupled regimes,it offers a convenient approach for adjusting the total linewidth of the modes while maintaining critically-coupled conditions.

关键词： ideality mode wave

The clinical features and potential mechanisms of cognitive disorders in peripheral autoimmune and inflammatory diseases

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Fundamental Research 2024年第2期4卷 226-236页

作者： Ke-qi fan Tao Huang Jian-shuai Yu Yi-yuan Li Jin Jin MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection and Life Sciences InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Gastroenterology Sir Run Shaw HospitalCollege of Medicine Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310016China Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease Ministry of EducationInstitute of Life SciencesJiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China

According to a study from World Health Organization’s Global Burden of Disease,mental and neurological disorders have accounted for 13%of global diseases in recent years and are on the *** conditions or neuroinflammatory disorders are linked by the presence of an exaggerated immune response both peripherally and in the central nervous system(CNS).Cognitive dysfunction(CD)encompasses a complex group of diseases and has frequently been described in the field of autoimmune diseases,especially in multiple non-CNS-related autoimmune *** studies have provided various hypotheses regarding the occurrence of cognitive impairment in autoimmune diseases,including that abnormally activated immune cells can disrupt the integrity of the blood-brain barrier(BBB)to trigger a central neuroinflammatory *** the BBB is intact,autoantibodies and pro-inflammatory molecules in peripheral circulation can enter the brain to activate microglia,inducing CNS inflammation and ***,the mechanisms explaining the association between the immune system and neural function and their contribution to diseases are *** this review,we used clinical statistics to illustrate the correlation between CD and autoimmune diseases that do not directly affect the CNS,summarized the clinical features and mechanisms by which autoimmune diseases trigger cognitive impairment,and explored existing knowledge regarding the link between CD and autoimmune diseases from the perspective of the field of neuroimmunology.

关键词： Autoimmune diseases Neuroinflammation Central nervous system dysfunction Autoantibodies Inflammatory cytokines

Effects of ulinastatin combined with dexmedetomidine on cognitive dysfunction and emergence agitation in elderly patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 26-35页

作者： qi-fan Huo Li-Juan Zhu Jian-Wei Guo Yan-An Jiang Jing Zhao Department of Anesthesiology Shaanxi Provincial People’s HospitalXi’an 710068Shaanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND With the continuous growth of the modern elderly population,the risk of fracture *** fracture is a common type of fracture in older *** hip arthroplasty(THA)has significant advantages in relieving chronic pain and promoting the recovery of hip joint *** To investigate the effect of ulinastatin combined with dexmedetomidine(Dex)on the incidences of postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD)and emergence agitation in elderly patients who underwent *** A total of 397 patients who underwent THA from February 2019 to August *** conducted a three-year retrospective cohort study in Shaanxi Provincial People’s *** demographic data were obtained from the electronic medical record *** collected preoperative,intraoperative,and postoperative *** hundred twenty-nine patients who were administered Dex during the operation were included in the Dex *** hundred fifty patients who were intravenously injected with ulinastatin 15 min before anesthesia induction were included in the ulinastatin *** hundred eighteen patients who were administered ulinastatin combined with Dex during the operation were included in the Dex+ulinastatin *** patients’perioperative conditions,hemodynamic indexes,postoperative Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)scores,Ramsay score,incidence of POCD,and serum inflammatory cytokines were *** There was a significant difference in the 24 h visual analogue scale score among the three groups,and the score in the Dex+ulinastatin group was the lowest(P<0.05).Compared with the Dex and ulinastatin group,the MMSE scores of the Dex+ulinastatin group were significantly increased at 1 and 7 d after the operation(all P<0.05).Compared with those in the Dex and ulinastatin groups,incidence of POCD,levels of serum inflammatory cytokines in the Dex+ulinastatin group were significantly decreased at 1 and 7 d after the operation(all P<0.05).The observer’s assessment of th

关键词： Ulinastatin Dexmedetomidine Postoperative cognitive dysfunction Inflammatory cytokines Total hip arthroplasty

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高校师德失范行为处理需要说明理由

湖南师范大学教育科学学报 2024年第2期23卷 33-44页

作者：范奇西南大学教师教育学院/师德师风建设基地重庆400715

师德失范一旦确立为法律概念,则要求高校师德失范行为处理遵循说明理由等法治规则。分析教育部典型案例发现,当前高校师德失范行为处理说理程度较低,具体包括处理主体混乱、事实认定与依据不足、推理过程缺失、考量因素不明、程序制约... 详细信息

师德失范一旦确立为法律概念,则要求高校师德失范行为处理遵循说明理由等法治规则。分析教育部典型案例发现,当前高校师德失范行为处理说理程度较低,具体包括处理主体混乱、事实认定与依据不足、推理过程缺失、考量因素不明、程序制约机制及司法审查机制欠缺等问题。说明理由是让执法者依靠良心裁决的推理与判定过程外部化与客观化的一种法定义务,师德规范的伦理性等特征使其适用对说明理由机制更为依赖,从说明理由视角切入在规范、实践与理论层面具有正当性基础。域外法治发达国家十分重视说明理由机制在学校师德失范行为处理中的价值功能,广义层面的机制经验包括:主体上设立处理师德失范的专业机构,构建以自然公正为基础的说明理由机制;行为上基于司法审查明确师德失范行为认定的要素,建构师德失范处理的过程基准,防止师德失范概念的模糊化;结果上注重教师基本权利的平衡与保障,推崇三段论法律说理和比例原则的运用,实现师德失范处理的司法化。我国可从搭建说明理由的技术支撑、完善说明理由的制度体系、营造准司法化的文化环境等方面展开具体的机制建构,实现高校教师师德失范处理说理的普遍化。

关键词：高校师德失范说明理由准司法

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高校权限合法性之理论基础

行政法学研究 2024年第1期 135-146页

作者：范奇西南大学教师教育学院/师德师风建设基地重庆400715

我国高校权限的合法性问题与行政法治建设相伴而生,理论界基于法律授权存在两类判断高校权限合法性的对立标准:内容一致性与内容自主性。这个问题的症结在于如何理解法律授权的效力层级构造,在权限理论中法律的层级效力存在动态与静态性... 详细信息

我国高校权限的合法性问题与行政法治建设相伴而生,理论界基于法律授权存在两类判断高校权限合法性的对立标准:内容一致性与内容自主性。这个问题的症结在于如何理解法律授权的效力层级构造,在权限理论中法律的层级效力存在动态与静态性,法律授权通常是一种动态效力的传导而非内容的明确,导致基于内容一致性的判断标准存在困境。事实上法律授权是一种权能限定,其授权意志需要相应主体作为载体与实现,公法人是高校授权的实际承受者。在权能限定理论下高校具有自主权,高校权限合法性判断标准可从内容一致性转移到过程正当标准上,但从目前的典型案例看,过程审查暴露出回避态度,有必要结合外部体系标准和内部自律标准对高校自治行为进行约束,实现高校自主和成员权益保障之间的动态平衡。

关键词：高校权限效力位阶权能限定过程审查

Solar Energy for Value-Added Chemical Production by LightPowered Microbial Factories

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第7期6卷 1776-1788页

作者： Haibo Wu Xilong Feng Liangjun Wang Cheng Chen Peng Wu Linpo Li Jinjie Xu fan qi Suoying Zhang Fengwei Huo Weina Zhang Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLOFE) Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)School of Flexible Electronics(Future Technologies)Nanjing Tech University(NanjingTech)Nanjing 211816

The light-driven material-microorganism biohybrid system has the potential to transfer solar energy for chemical ***,few studies have reported the construction of biohybrid systems using light-responsive materials with nonmodel strains that have been widely used in practical industrial production for value-added chemicals,especially with regard to the mechanism of action of photogenerated charges in the cytoplasm,probably due to the complexity of their anabolic ***,a biohybrid system as a research mode was constructed by electrostatically self-assembling a highly efficient light-harvesting material of graphite-phase nitrided carbon(g-C_(3)N_(4))nanosheets with nonmodel strains(Phaffia rhodozyma)for synthesis of nutritional chemical *** biohybrid interface enabled efficient separation,transfer,and transport of photogenerated charges from g-C_(3)N_(4) into the interior of ***,which improved the substance metabolism and the energy metabolism of ***,photogenerated charges can significantly promote the accumulation of precursors along the astaxanthin anabolic pathway and enhance the cytoplasmic redox environment and ATP levels in the interior of ***,even under adverse conditions(such as enzyme inhibitors),thus increasing the yield of astaxanthin compared to the traditional culture of *** study not only provides new ideas for converting solar energy into value-added chemicals,but it also provides guidance for regulating microbial synthesis plants.

关键词： biohybrid system light-driven graphitephase nitrided carbon Phaffia rhodozyma astaxanthin

双向诉讼抑或单向诉讼?——行政协议诉讼的模式选择

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交大法学 2024年第3期 115-128页

作者：范奇西南大学教师教育学院

我国行政协议诉讼制度确立后,面临着解决行政协议内在的“双向”结构冲突与融合的问题。部分学者主张借鉴德式经验,构建整体双向诉讼制度,但这种诉讼结构与我国目前的行政诉讼结构存在冲突。从行政协议制度创设的路径模式上看,德国倾向... 详细信息

我国行政协议诉讼制度确立后,面临着解决行政协议内在的“双向”结构冲突与融合的问题。部分学者主张借鉴德式经验,构建整体双向诉讼制度,但这种诉讼结构与我国目前的行政诉讼结构存在冲突。从行政协议制度创设的路径模式上看,德国倾向于主观模式,法国则倾向于客观模式,主张借鉴德式经验实际也会与我国大量借鉴法国行政协议进行制度创设的事实相冲突。同时双向诉讼制度还会与我国行政诉讼的客观诉讼定位有所抵牾,以及存在“外源制约”等四个方面的困境。基于此,暂不宜将双向诉讼制度直接移植入法。可取的路径是,进一步完善我国的单向行政协议诉讼制度。我国已有的制度具有兼容性,能够对行政协议的合约审查和强制执行机制进行吸收与调试,利用行政协议判例的累积构建公法合同规则体系。

关键词：行政协议诉讼创制路径模式双向诉讼客观诉讼

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