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Differences in the effects and action modes of gut commensals against dextran sulfate sodium-induced intestinal inflammation

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1201-1211页

作者： Dingwu qu Zhennan Gu Saisai feng Leilei Yu fengwei tian Hao Zhang Wei Chen Qixiao Zhai State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch Wuxi 214122China

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a complex relapsing inflammatory disease in the gut and is driven by complicated host-gut microbiome interactions.Gut commensals have shown different functions in IBD prevention and treatment.To gain a mechanistic understanding of how different commensals affect intestinal inflammation,we compared the protective effects of 6 probiotics(belonging to the genera Akkermansia,Bifidobacterium,Clostridium,and Enterococcus)on dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis in mice with or without gut microbiota.Anti-inflammatory properties(ratio of interleukin(IL)-10 and IL-12)of these strains were also evaluated in an in vitro mesenteric lymph nodes(MLN)co-culture system.Results showed that 4 probiotics(belonging to the species Bifidobacterium breve,Bifidobacterium bifidum,and Enterococcus faecalis)can alleviate colitis in normal mice.The probiotic strains differed in regulating the intestinal microbiota,cytokines(IL-10,IL-1βand interferon(IFN)-γ),and tight junction function(Zonulin-1 and Occludin).By constrast,Akkermansia muciniphila AH39 and Clostridium butyricum FHuNHHMY49T1 were not protective.Interestingly,B.breve JSNJJNM2 with high anti-inflammatory potential in the MLN model could relieve colitis symptoms in antibiotic cocktail(Abx)-treated mice.Meanwhile,E.faecalis FJSWX25M1induced low levels of cytokines in vitro and showed no beneficial effects.Therefore,we provided insight into the clinical application of probiotics in IBD treatment.

关键词： Gut commensals Dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)colitis Intestinal barrier Immunoregulation

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Frequency Domain Fatigue Evaluation on SCR Girth-Weld Based on Structural Stress

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第2期38卷 255-270页

作者： ZHANG Long ZHAO tian-feng College of Safety and Ocean Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China

The Steel Catenary Riser(SCR)is a vital component for transporting oil and gas from the seabed to the floating platform.The harsh environmental conditions and complex platform motion make the SCR’s girth-weld prone to fatigue failure.The structural stress fatigue theory and Master S-N curve method provide accurate predictions for the fatigue damage on the welded joints,which demonstrate significant potential and compatibility in multi-axial and random fatigue evaluation.Here,we propose a new frequency fatigue model subjected to welded joints of SCR under multiaxial stress,which fully integrates the mesh-insensitive structural stress and frequency domain random process and transforms the conventional welding fatigue technique of SCR into a spectrum analysis technique utilizing structural stress.Besides,a full-scale FE model of SCR with welds is established to obtain the modal structural stress of the girth weld and the frequency response function(FRF)of modal coordinate,and a biaxial fatigue evaluation about the girth weld of the SCR can be achieved by taking the effects of multi-load correlation and pipe-soil interaction into account.The research results indicate that the frequency-domain fatigue results are aligned with the time-domain results,meeting the fatigue evaluation requirements of the SCR.

关键词： SCR girth weld random vibration self(cross)power spectrum structural stress method biaxial fatigue damage

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Oxygen vacancy boosting Fenton reaction in bone scaffold towards fighting bacterial infection

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第1期6卷 296-311页

作者： Cijun Shuai Xiaoxin Shi feng Yang Haifeng tian Pei feng State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083People’s Republic of China Institute of Additive Manufacturing Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyNanchang 330013People’s Republic of China College of Mechanical Engineering Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830017People’s Republic of China

Bacterial infection is a major issue after artificial bone transplantation due to the absence of antibacterial function of bone scaffold,which seriously causes the transplant failure and even amputation in severe cases.In this study,oxygen vacancy(OV)defects Fe-doped Ti O2(OV-FeTiO2)nanoparticles were synthesized by nano TiO2and Fe3O4via high-energy ball milling,which was then incorporated into polycaprolactone/polyglycolic acid(PCLGA)biodegradable polymer matrix to construct composite bone scaffold with good antibacterial activities by selective laser sintering.The results indicated that OV defects were introduced into the core/shell-structured OV-FeTiO2nanoparticles through multiple welding and breaking during the high-energy ball milling,which facilitated the adsorption of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)in the bacterial infection microenvironment at the bone transplant site.The accumulated H2O2could amplify the Fenton reaction efficiency to induce more hydroxyl radicals(·OH),thereby resulting in more bacterial deaths through·OH-mediated oxidative damage.This antibacterial strategy had more effective broad-spectrum antibacterial properties against Gram-negative Escherichia coli(E.coli)and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus).In addition,the PCLGA/OV-FeTiO2scaffold possessed mechanical properties that match those of human cancellous bone and good biocompatibility including cell attachment,proliferation and osteogenic differentiation.

关键词： bacterial infection bone scaffold selective laser sintering Fenton reaction antibacterial properties

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A scalable one-pot strategy for the development of polymer electrolytes adaptable to room-temperature high-voltage lithium batteries

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 461-467页

作者： Yue Guo Xinxin qu Zhen Li Ruiyuan tian Xiaokong Liu State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries(Ministry of Education) College of PhysicsJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China

Poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)polymer electrolytes(PEs)have been commercially applied in LiFePO_(4)||Li solid-state lithium batteries(SSLBs).However,it remains challenging to develop PEO-based PEs applicable to the high-voltage SSLBs with higher energy density,owing to the poor electrochemical stability of PEO.Herein,we report a scalable strategy for fabricating PEO-based PEs with high-voltage compatibility,by exploiting a new mechanism to stabilize the cathode-electrolyte interface in the highvoltage SSLBs.The protocol only involves a one-pot synthesis procedure to covalently crosslink the PEO chains,in the presence of high-content lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulphonyl)imide(LiTFSI)salts and N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF).LiTFSI-DMF supramolecular aggregates are formed and firmly embedded in the polymer network,endowing the PE with high room-temperature ionic conductivity.The dissociated and highly concentrated TFSI^-anions can enter the Helmholtz layer close to the high-voltage cathode,leading to the formation of a thin and homogeneous cathode electrolyte interface(CEI),mainly composed of LiF,on the cathode.The CEI with high electrochemical stability can effectively stabilize the cathode-electrolyte interface,enabling long-term stable cycling of the high-voltage LiCoO_(2)||Li and nickelrich NCM_(622)||Li batteries at room temperature.The simplicity and scalability of the strategy makes the reported PEO-based PE potentially applicable in high-voltage SSLBs in practice.

关键词： Lithium batteries Polymer electrolytes Poly(ethylene oxide) Energy density High-voltage cathodes

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Short-time maritime target detection based on polarization scattering characteristics

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第1期35卷 55-64页

作者： CHEN Shichao LUO feng tian Min LYU Wanghan College of Computer and Information Engineering(College of Artificial Intelligence) Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China Hangzhou Institute of Technology Xidian UniversityHangzhou 311200China

In this paper,a detection method combining Cameron decomposition based on polarization scattering characteristics in sea clutter background is proposed.Firstly,the Cameron decomposition is exploited to fuse the radar echoes of full polarization channels at the data level.Due to the artificial material structure on the surface of the target,it can be shown that the non-reciprocity of the target cell is stronger than that of the clutter cell.Then,based on the analysis of the decomposition results,a new feature with scattering geometry characteristics in polarization domain,denoted as Cameron polarization decomposition scattering weight(CPD-SW),is extracted as the test statistic,which can achieve more detailed descriptions of the clutter scattering characteristics utilizing the difference between their scattering types.Finally,the superiority of the proposed CPD-SW detector over traditional detectors in improving detection performance is verified by the IPIX measured dataset,which has strong stability under short-time observation in threshold detection and can also improve the separability of feature space zin anomaly detection.

关键词： sea clutter small target radar detection Cameron decomposition characteristics analysis

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Exploiting sound for emerging applications of extracellular vesicles

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 462-475页

作者： Zhuhao Wu Hongwei Cai Chunhui tian Zheng Ao Lei Jiang feng Guo Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering Indiana UniversityBloomingtonIN 47405USA

Extracellular vesicles are nano-to micro-scale,membrane-bound particles released by cells into extracellular space,and act as carriers of biomarkers and therapeutics,holding promising potential in translational medicine.However,the challenges remain in handling and detecting extracellular vesicles for disease diagnosis as well as exploring their therapeutic capability for disease treatment.Here,we review the recent engineering and technology advances by leveraging the power of sound waves to address the challenges in diagnostic and therapeutic applications of extracellular vesicles and biomimetic nanovesicles.We first introduce the fundamental principles of sound waves for understanding different acoustic-assisted extracellular vesicle technologies.We discuss the acoustic-assisted diagnostic methods including the purification,manipulation,biosensing,and bioimaging of extracellular vesicles.Then,we summarize the recent advances in acoustically enhanced therapeutics using extracellular vesicles and biomimetic nanovesicles.Finally,we provide perspectives into current challenges and future clinical applications of the promising extracellular vesicles and biomimetic nanovesicles powered by sound.

关键词： extracellular vesicles exosomes biomimetic nanovesicles acoustics disease diagnostics therapeutics

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Experimental study on workability and permeability of sandy soils conditioned with thickened foam

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第2期16卷 532-544页

作者： Zhiyao feng Shuying Wang Tongming qu Xiangcou Zheng Fanlin Ling School of Civil Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410075China Tunnel and Underground Engineering Research Center Central South UniversityChangsha410075China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClearwater BayKowloon999077Hong KongChina Geo-Engineering Section Delft University of TechnologyDelft999025Netherlands

Water spewing and muck plugging often occur during earth pressure balance(EPB)shield machines tunnelling in water-rich sandy strata,even though the conventional foam has been employed to condition sandy soils.In this study,a novel thickened foaming agent suitable for EPB shield tunnelling in water-rich sandy strata is developed.In contrast to conventional foam-conditioned sands,the thickened foam-conditioned sand has a low permeability due to the consistent filling of soil pores with the thickened foam,and the initial permeability coefficient decreases by approximately two orders of magnitude.It also exhibits a suitable workability,which is attributed to the enhanced capability of the thickened foam to condition sandy soils.In addition,the effect of concentration on the stability of the foam is explained by the Gibbs-Marangoni effect,and conditioning mechanisms for the thickened foam on sands are discussed from the evolution of foam bubbles.

关键词： Earth pressure balance(EPB)shield Thickened foam Foam-conditioned sand Permeability Workability

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Regioselective and asymmetric allylic alkylation of vinyl epoxides for the construction of allylic alcohols via synergistic catalysis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 542-550页

作者： Min Chen Longqing Yang Yuzhen Li Yinhe qu Guihua Pan Xiaoming feng Xiaohua Liu Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry&Technology Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan UniversityChengdu610064China

A highly efficient asymmetric allylic alkylation of cyclic and acyclic carbon nucleophiles with vinyl epoxides has been developed,which exhibits good functional group compatibility,high atomic and step economy.This protocol utilizes a strategy of synergistic catalysis with a chiral N,N'-dioxide/Ni~Ⅱ complex and an achiral Pd~0 catalyst,generating a series of multisubstituted allylic alcohols with a quaternary carbon stereocenter in high yield and excellent regio-,Z/E-and enantioselectivity under mild conditions.Further transformations of the product demonstrate the potential utility of this protocol in the synthesis of allyl alcohol derivatives and natural product analogues.Experimental studies revealed that the N,N′-dioxide/metal complexes play an important role in controlling the Z/E-and enantioselectivity.The density functional theory(DFT) calculations further demonstrated that multiple C–H···π interactions between the aromatic rings of the two substrates and the amide moiety in the ligand stabilized the dominant transition state.

关键词： asymmetric allylic alkylation synergistic catalysis vinyl epoxides allyl alcohol multiple weak interactions

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Flow field, sedimentation, and erosion characteristics around folded linear HDPE sheet sand fence: Numerical simulation study

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 113-130页

作者： ZHANG Kai ZHANG Hailong tian Jianjin qu Jianjun ZHANG Xingxin WANG Zhenghui XIAO jianhua College of Civil Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China College of Civil Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Wind and sand hazards are serious in the Milan Gobi area of the Xinjiang section of the Korla Railway. In order to ensure the safe operation of railroads, there is a need for wind and sand protection in heavily sandy areas. The wind and sand flow in the region is notably bi-directional. To shield railroads from sand, a unique sand fence made of folded linear high-density polyethylene(HDPE) is used, aligning with the principle that the dominant wind direction is perpendicular to the fence. This study employed field observations and numerical simulations to investigate the effectiveness of these HDPE sand fences in altering flow field distribution and offering protection. It also explored how these fences affect the deposition and erosion of sand particles. Findings revealed a significant reduction in wind speed near the fence corner;the minimum horizontal wind speed on the leeward side of the first sand fence(LSF) decreased dramatically from 3 m/s to 0.64 m/s. The vortex area on the LSF markedly impacted horizontal wind speeds. Within the LSF, sand deposition was a primary occurrence. As wind speeds increased, the deposition zone shrank, whereas the positive erosion zone expanded. Close to the folded corners of the HDPE sand fence, there was a notable shift from the positive erosion zone to a deposition zone. Field tests and numerical simulations confirmed the high windproof efficiency(WE) and sand resistance efficiency(SE) in the HDPE sand fence. Folded linear HDPE sheet sand fence can effectively slow down the incoming flow and reduce the sand content, thus achieving good wind and sand protection. This study provides essential theoretical guidance for the design and improvement of wind and sand protection systems in railroad engineering.

关键词： Folded linear HDPE sheet sand fence Numerical simulation Flow field characteristics Protection benefits

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Counteracting effects on ENSO induced by ocean chlorophyll interannual variability and tropical instability wave-scale perturbations in the tropical Pacific

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 387-404页

作者： Rong-Hua ZHANG feng tian Qidong SHI Xiujun WANG Tongwen WU School of Marine Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao266237China Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408China Faculty of Geographical Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China

Large perturbations in chlorophyll(Chl)are observed to coexist at interannual and tropical instability wave(TIW)scales in the tropical Pacific;at present,their combined effects on El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)through ocean biologyinduced heating(OBH)feedbacks are not understood well.Here,a hybrid coupled model(HCM)for the atmosphere and ocean physics-biogeochemistry(AOPB)in the tropical Pacific is adopted to quantify how ENSO can be modulated by Chl perturbations at interannual and TIW scales,individually or collectively,respectively.The HCM-based sensitivity experiments demonstrate a counteracting effect on ENSO:the bio-climate feedback due to large-scale Chl interannual variability acts to damp ENSO through its impact on upper-ocean stratification and vertical mixing,whereas that due to TIW-scale Chl perturbations tends to amplify ENSO.Because ENSO simulations are sensitively dependent on the ways Chl effects are represented at these different scales,it is necessary to adequately take into account these related differential Chl effects in climate modeling.A bias source for ENSO simulations is illustrated that is related with the Chl effects in the tropical Pacific,adding in a new insight into interactions between the climate system and ocean ecosystem on different scales in the region.These results reveal a level of complexity of ENSO modulations resulting from Chl effects at interannual and TIW scales,which are associated with ocean biogeochemical processes and their interactions with physical processes in the tropical Pacific.

关键词： Ocean chlorophyll Bio-climate feedbacks Interannual variability Tropical instability waves Counteracting effects A hybrid coupled model

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