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Sex differences in human pre-gastrulation embryos

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Yongjie Lu Meng qin Xintong Qi Ming Yang Fan Zhai jiaqi Zhang Zhiqiang Yan Liying Yan Jie Qiao Peng Yuan State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion Center for Reproductive Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Peking University Third Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital) Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University) Ministry of Education Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University

Human fetuses exhibit notable sex differences in growth rate and response to the intrauterine environment, yet their origins and underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. Here, we conduct a detailed investigation of sex differences in human pre-gastrulation embryos. The lower methylation and incomplete inactivation of the X chromosome in females, as well as the sex-specific cell-cell communication patterns,contribute to sex-differential transcription. Male trophectoderm is more inclined toward syncytiotrophoblast differentiation and exhibits a stronger hormone secretion capacity, while female trophectoderm tends to retain cytotrophoblast program with stronger mitochondrial function as well as higher vasculogenesis and immunotolerance signals. Male primitive endoderm initiates the anterior visceral endoderm transcriptional program earlier than females. The cell cycle activities of the epiblast and primitive endoderm are higher in males compared to females, while the situation is opposite in the trophectoderm. In conclusion, our study provides in-depth insights into the sex differences in human pre-gastrulation embryos and contributes to unraveling the origins of the sex differences in human fetal development.

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数字经济对长江经济带高质量发展的影响研究——基于108个地级市的证据

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工业技术经济 2023年第10期42卷 17-25页

作者：田晖郭明秦佳奇中南大学商学院长沙410083

本文采用熵权法综合测度2011~2020年长江经济带108个地级市的数字经济和高质量发展水平,实证检验数字经济对长江经济带高质量发展的影响。研究显示:数字经济能促进长江经济带高质量发展,且对高质量发展的不同维度影响存在差异,数字经济... 详细信息

本文采用熵权法综合测度2011~2020年长江经济带108个地级市的数字经济和高质量发展水平,实证检验数字经济对长江经济带高质量发展的影响。研究显示:数字经济能促进长江经济带高质量发展,且对高质量发展的不同维度影响存在差异,数字经济对长江经济带创新发展、经济活力、绿色发展和共享发展存在显著正向影响,对开放发展存在不显著的负向影响;产业结构升级和技术进步在数字经济和长江经济带高质量发展间发挥中介作用;数字经济对长江经济带中下游地区高质量发展的正向影响最为显著,对上游地区高质量发展的影响则表现为正向不显著;数字经济对特大、超大和大城市高质量发展发挥促进作用,对中等和小城市高质量发展的影响不显著。

关键词：数字经济高质量发展长江经济带数字产业化产业数字化城市规模

Effect of Iron on the Stability of Rhodochrosite at the Topmost Lower Mantle Conditions

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 504-513页

作者： Tianlei Zhai Fei qin Shengxuan Huang Shan qin Yu Gong Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution Ministry of EducationSchool of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

Carbonates are viewed as the principal oxidized carbon carriers during subduction,and thus the stability of subducted carbonates has significant implications for the deep carbon *** we investigate the high pressure-temperature behaviors of rhodochrosite in the presence of iron up to∼34 GPa by in-situ X-ray diffraction and ex-situ Raman *** relatively low temperature below∼1500 K,MnCO_(3)breaks down into MnO and CO_(2).Upon heating to∼1800 K,however,the MnCO_(3)-Fe^(0)reactions occur with the formation of Mn_(3)O_(4),Fe^(O)and reduced carbon.A'three-stage'reaction mechanism is proposed to understand the kinetics of the carbon-iron-manganese redox *** results suggest that Fe^(0)can serve as a reductant to greatly affect the stability of rhodochrosite,which implies that the effect of Fe-metal should be seriously considered for the high pressure-temperature behaviors of other predominant carbonates at Earth's mantle conditions,particularly at depths greater than∼250 km.

关键词： deep carbon cycle rhodochrosite reduced mantle diamond formation high pressure tectonics geochemistry

Resource Allocation in Multi-User Cellular Networks:A Transformer-Based Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach

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China Communications 2024年第5期21卷 77-96页

作者： Zhao Di Zheng Zhong qin Pengfei qin Hao Song Bin State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks Xidian University710071China China Academy of Space Technology Beijing 100081China

To meet the communication services with diverse requirements,dynamic resource allocation has shown increasing *** this paper,we consider the multi-slot and multi-user resource allocation(MSMU-RA)in a downlink cellular scenario with the aim of maximizing system spectral efficiency while guaranteeing user *** first model the MSMURA problem as a dual-sequence decision-making process,and then solve it by a novel Transformerbased deep reinforcement learning(TDRL)***,the proposed TDRL approach can be achieved based on two aspects:1)To adapt to the dynamic wireless environment,the proximal policy optimization(PPO)algorithm is used to optimize the multi-slot RA strategy.2)To avoid co-channel interference,the Transformer-based PPO algorithm is presented to obtain the optimal multi-user RA scheme by exploring the mapping between user sequence and resource *** results show that:i)the proposed approach outperforms both the traditional and DRL methods in spectral efficiency and user fairness,ii)the proposed algorithm is superior to DRL approaches in terms of convergence speed and generalization performance.

关键词： dynamic resource allocation multi-user cellular network spectrum efficiency user fairness

Developing a novel quantitative parameter for characterizing spatial distribution of fish following exposure to chemicals and wastewater:Behavioral Gini coefficient

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 129-138页

作者： Xuanyue Chen Yuanyuan Li Zhanfen qin State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

While the spatial distribution pattern of fish is increasingly used for toxicological test o chemicals or wastewater,no ideal parameter is available for quantitative assessment of spa tial distribution,especially uneven distribution with multiple ***,to develop a quantitative assessment parameter for spatial distribution,the zebrafish were exposed to ethanol,pentylenetetrazole(PTZ),paraquat dichloride(paraquat)and wastewater,followed by a behavioral test in a narrow *** data was acquired and analyzed by id Tracker and *** comparing the effects of all treatments on behavior parameters we confirmed that the spatial distribution was more easily altered rather than general loco motor parameters,e.g.0.7-70 mg/L PTZ and 5-20 mg/L paraquat being effective for altering spatial distribution but having little effects on general locomotor *** on the heatmap,i.e.,the cumulative proportion of grids and that of frequency in grids,we calcu lated the behavioral Gini coefficient(G_(b))for quantitative assessment of fish spatial distri *** Gini coefficient ranged from zero to 1,with larger values meaning poorer even ness of spatial *** note,G_(b)showed smaller coefficient of variations(CV)with3%-19%between replicate tanks in all treatments than the highest frequency(4%-79%),dis playing well ***,G_(b)addressed the challenge of the complicated heatmap with multiple ***,the behavioral Gini coefficient we established is an idea parameter to quantitatively assess spatial distribution of fish shoal,which is expected to be applied in toxicity testing for chemicals and wastewater and automatic quality monitoring for surface water and aquaculture water.

关键词： Zebrafish Behavioral test Spatial distribution Behavioral Gini coefficient

Non-dimensional analysis on blast wave propagation in foam concrete:Minimum thickness to avoid stress enhancement

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 30-46页

作者： Ya Yang Xiangzhen Kong qin Fang State Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention&Mitigation of Explosion&Impact Army Engineering University of PLANanjing 210007JiangsuChina

Foam concrete is a prospective material in defense engineering to protect structures due to its high energy absorption capability resulted from the long plateau ***,stress enhancement rather than stress mitigation may happen when foam concrete is used as sacrificial claddings placed in the path of an incoming blast *** investigate this interesting phenomenon,a one-dimensional difference model for blast wave propagation in foam concrete is firstly proposed and numerically solved by improving the second-order Godunov *** difference model and numerical algorithm are validated against experimental results including both the stress mitigation and the stress *** difference model is then used to numerically analyze the blast wave propagation and deformation of material in which the effects of blast loads,stress-strain relation and length of foam concrete are *** particular,the concept of minimum thickness of foam concrete to avoid stress enhancement is ***,non-dimensional analysis on the minimum thickness is conducted and an empirical formula is proposed by curve-fitting the numerical data,which can provide a reference for the application of foam concrete in defense engineering.

关键词： Foam concrete Blast wave propagation Non-dimensional analysis Stress enhancement

Test of the Brans-Dicke theory with GW200105 and GW200115

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第7期76卷 83-93页

作者： qin Fei Yingjie Yang Department of Mathematics and Physics School of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China School of Mathematics and Physics Hubei Polytechnic UniversityHuangshi 435003China

We study whether it is possible to constrain the Brans-Dicke(BD)theory from the measurement of gravitational waves(GW)released in neutron star-black hole *** the scalar field modifications through monopole and dipole radiations,we find additional contributions to the phase evolution in the emitted gravitational *** effectively calculating such effect in the post-Newtonian order,we are in a position to measure the scalar field and give bounds on the BD coupling parameterω_(BD).We derive the analytical expression for the phase modification due to the orbital eccentricity of eccentric binaries in both general relativity and BD *** the Bayesian analysis,we obtain the constraints on ω_(BD) from the GW events,GW200105 and GW200115.

关键词： cosmology Brans-Dicke theory gravitational wave

苦苣苔科植物在上海植物园的迁地保育和展示应用

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广西科学 2019年第1期26卷 64-78页

作者：秦佳奇上海植物园上海200231

上海植物园的前身"龙华苗圃"(1954—1973年)即已开始培育和生产国外苦苣苔科的大岩桐,后期陆续有少量收集其他苦苣苔科植物,但是没有做系统的收集工作以及详尽的记录。在2015年,上海植物园扩大了苦苣苔科植物的系统收集工作后,至今已建... 详细信息

上海植物园的前身"龙华苗圃"(1954—1973年)即已开始培育和生产国外苦苣苔科的大岩桐,后期陆续有少量收集其他苦苣苔科植物,但是没有做系统的收集工作以及详尽的记录。在2015年,上海植物园扩大了苦苣苔科植物的系统收集工作后,至今已建成苦苣苔科保种温室2个,收集到涉及34个属,共计202个原生种,600余个园艺品种。每年在上海(国际)花展及植物园秋季花展中都会进行中大型苦苣苔科专类展,并在展览温室内进行造景展示方面的应用。这些工作对苦苣苔科植物在华东地区的迁地保育、展示和科普产生积极的正面影响。

关键词：上海苦苣苔科龙华苗圃科普迁地保育展示

Efficient Unsupervised Image Stitching Using Attention Mechanism with Deep Homography Estimation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1319-1334页

作者： Chunbin qin Xiaotian Ran School of Artificial Intelligence Henan UniversityZhengzhou450000China

Traditional feature-based image stitching techniques often encounter obstacles when dealing with images lackingunique attributes or suffering from quality degradation. The scarcity of annotated datasets in real-life scenesseverely undermines the reliability of supervised learning methods in image stitching. Furthermore, existing deeplearning architectures designed for image stitching are often too bulky to be deployed on mobile and peripheralcomputing devices. To address these challenges, this study proposes a novel unsupervised image stitching methodbased on the YOLOv8 (You Only Look Once version 8) framework that introduces deep homography networksand attentionmechanisms. Themethodology is partitioned into three distinct stages. The initial stage combines theattention mechanism with a pooling pyramid model to enhance the detection and recognition of compact objectsin images, the task of the deep homography networks module is to estimate the global homography of the inputimages consideringmultiple viewpoints. The second stage involves preliminary stitching of the masks generated inthe initial stage and further enhancement through weighted computation to eliminate common stitching *** final stage is characterized by adaptive reconstruction and careful refinement of the initial stitching *** experiments acrossmultiple datasets are executed tometiculously assess the proposed model. Ourmethod’s Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Structure Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) improved by 10.6%and 6%. These experimental results confirm the efficacy and utility of the presented model in this paper.

关键词： Unsupervised image stitching deep homography estimation YOLOv8 attention mechanism