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A robust viscoelastic surfactant tolerating 20% HCl up to 150℃ for oil well stimulation

Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1865-1874页

作者： Ji Wang ning qi Hong-Yao Yin Yu-Jun Feng Polymer Research Institute State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065SichuanPR.China Tianfu Yongxing Laboratory New Theory and Technology of CO_(2) Capture Research CenterChengdu610065SichuanPR China School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongPR China

Viscoelastic surfactants(VES)are often used as viscous diverters in acidizing stimulation to prolong the acid consumption time and maximize zonal coverage of the acid for improving well ***,the ceiling temperature of commercial VES cannot exceed 120℃in practical use because of the poor thermal stability and fragile molecular structure,hindering their implementation in hightemperature oil reservoirs,i.e.,≥150℃.Here we synthesized a novel C22-tailed diamine,N-erucaminopropyl-N,N-dimethylamine(EDPA),and examined comparatively its rheological behavior,assemblies morphology and molecular stability in 20 wt%HCl with a commercial VES,erucyl dimethyl amidopropyl betaine(EDAB).The feasibility of EDPA for acidizing stimulation was assessed by acid etching of carbonate rock with its HCl solution at 150℃.Rheological results showed that the 2.5 wt%EDPA—20 wt%HCl solution maintains stable viscosity of 90 m Pa s at 150℃for 60 min,while that of 2.0 wt%EDAB HCl solution is just 1 m Pa s under identical conditions.1H NMR spectra and cryo-TEM observations revealed that the chemical structure and self-assembled architectures of EDPA remained intact in such context,but the EDAB suffered from degradation due to the hydrolysis of the amide group,accounting for the poor heat-resistance and *** reaction rate of 2.5 wt%EDPA HCl solution with carbonate rock was one order of magnitude lower than that of 20 wt%HCl solution at 150℃,underpinning the potential of EDPA to be used in the high-temperature reservoirs *** work improved the thermal tolerance of VES in highly concentrated HCl solution,paving a feasible way for the acidization of high-temperature reservoir environments(~150℃).

关键词： Viscoelastic surfactants Thermal stability Self-diverting acid Wormlike micelles Acidizing stimulation

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Modeling and analysis of passive dynamic bipedal walking with segmented feet and compliant joints

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2012年第5期28卷 1457-1465页

作者： Yan Huang qi-ning Wang Yue Gao Guang-Ming Xie Intelligent Control Laboratory College of EngineeringPeking University

Passive dynamic walking has been developed as a possible explanation for the efficiency of the human gait. This paper presents a passive dynamic walking model with segmented feet, which makes the bipedal walking gait more close to natural human-like gait. The proposed model extends the simplest walking model with the addition of fiat feet and torsional spring based compliance on ankle joints and toe joints, to achieve stable walking on a slope driven by gravity. The push-off phase includes foot rotations around the toe joint and around the toe tip, which shows a great resemblance to human normal walking. This paper investigates the effects of the segmented foot structure on bipedal walking in simulations. The model achieves satisfactory walking results on even or uneven slopes.

关键词： Passive dynamic walking · Segmented feet·Compliant joints· Bipeds

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Band convergence boosted high thermoelectric performance of Zintl compound Mg_(3)Sb_(2) achieved by biaxial strains

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Journal of Materiomics 2022年第5期8卷 1086-1094页

作者： Suiting ning Shan Huang Ziye Zhang ning qi Man Jiang Zhiquan Chen Xinfeng Tang Hubei Nuclear Solid Physics Key Laboratory Department of PhysicsWuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Department of Nuclear Engineering and Technology School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430073China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China

Mg_(3)Sb_(2) as a Zintl compound is a promising thermoelectric material with the intrinsically low lattice thermal conductivity and excellent n-type electrical properties,but its p-type electrical transport properties are ***,the thermoelectric performance of Mg_(3)Sb_(2) under the effect of biaxial strain is investigated by using first-principles method and Boltzmann transport *** application of biaxial strain enables tuning the band structure of Mg_(3)Sb_(2) in such a way that the band degeneracy of both the conduction band and valence band *** the biaxial strain increases,the Seebeck coefficient of ptype Mg_(3)Sb_(2) has a remarkable increase,leading to a significant improvement in power *** is mainly ascribed to the achievement of valence band orbital ***,the lattice thermal conductivity exhibits very slight biaxial strain dependence within the strain range considered in this work,which increases from 1.28 to 1.62 W m^(-1) K^(-1) at 300 ***,the highest ZT of p-type Mg_(3)Sb_(2) at 700 K can be up to 2.6 along the in-plane direction under-2.5%biaxial strain,which is almost three times that of the unstrained *** realization of high thermoelectric performance of p-type Mg_(3)Sb_(2) will promote its practical applications as thermoelectric generators.

关键词： Thermoelectric First-principles Crystal field splitting energy Band convergence

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Hot Deformation Behavior of GCr15 Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2013年第3期20卷 50-56页

作者： PENG ning-qi TANG Guang-bo YAO Jun LIU Zheng-dong Institute for Structural Materials Central Iron and Steel Research Institute

Hot deformation behavior of GCr15（ASTM 52100） steel was investigated using single-hit compression tests on Gleeble-1500 simulator at the temperature range of 850-1 100 ℃ and strain rate range of 0.1-10 *** flow stress constitutive equation of GCr15 steel during hot deformation was determined by stress-strain curves analysis on the basis of the hyperbolic sine *** the models of dynamic recrystallization fraction and dynamic recrystallization grain size of GCr15 steel were established by the measured curves and microstructure observation in different experimental *** mean activation energy and the time exponent of dynamic recrystallization kinetics equation in the range of experimental conditions were determined to be 356.2 kJ/mol and 2.12,***,the flow stress model was also established by the method of allocating flow stress curve with three main stress values,the saturation stress,the steady state stress and the stress when strain is *** flow stress curves predicted by the developed models under different deformation conditions are in good agreements with the measured ones.

关键词： GCr15 steel hot deformation flow stress dynamic recrystallization

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Expression and correlation of CD44v6, vascular endothelial growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase-2, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in Krukenberg tumor

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第32期11卷 5032-5036页

作者： Ge Lou Ying Gao Xiao-Ming ning qi-Fan Zhang Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin 150040 Heilongjiang Province China

AIM： To explore the expression and correlation of CD44v6, vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）, matrix metalloproteinase （MMP）-2 and matrix metalloproteinase （MMP）-9 in Krukenberg and primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma. METHODS： The expressions of CD44v6, VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were detected by immunohistochemical method in 20 cases of normal ovarian tissues, 38 cases of Krukenberg tumor and 45 cases of primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma. RESULTS： The expression of CD44v6 （primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma tissue vs normal ovarian tissue： χ^2= 4.516, P= 0.034; Krukenberg tumor tissue vsnormal ovarian tissue： χ^2 = 19.537, P = 0.001） and VEGF （primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma tissue vs normal ovarian tissue： P = 0.026; Krukenberg tumor tissue vs normal ovarian tissue： χ^2 = 22.895, P = 0.001） was significantly higher in primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma tissue and Krukenberg tumor tissue than in normal ovarian tissue. The positive expression rate of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was 0% in the normal ovarian tissue. The positive expression rate of CD44v6 （ χ^2= 10.398, P= 0.001）, VEGF （ χ^2= 13.149, P = 0.001）, MMP-2 （ χ^2 = 33.668, P = 0.001） and MMP-9 （ χ^2= 38.839, P = 0.001） was remarkably higher in Krukenberg tumor than in primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma. The correlation of CD44v6, VEGF, MMP-2, and MMP-9 was observed in primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma and Krukenberg tumor. CONCLUSION： CD44v6, VEGF, MMP-2, and MMP-9 are involved in ovarian carcinoma, gastric cancer and Krukenberg tumor. Detection of CD44v6, VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 may contribute to the diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma, gastric cancer, and Krukenberg tumor.

关键词： CD44v6 VEGF, MMPs Krukenberg tumor

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In pursuit of reconstructing missing human hands

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National Science Review 2023年第5期10卷 13-16页

作者： Xuan Gong Bai-Yang Sun qi-ning Wang Cai-Hua Xiong Institute of Medical Equipment Science and Engineering School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology College of Engineering Peking University

Human beings are the most intelligent living beings on *** reconstructions of missing human limbs that can be naturally integrated into the human body is a lofty ambition and faces challenges in neuroscience,information science,mechanical and electronic engineering,and many other *** on the development history of robotic prosthetic hands over the past 70 years,

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Effect of Zener-Hollomon Parameter on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Copper Subjected to Friction Stir Welding

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2020年第2期33卷 319-326页

作者： Nan Xu Ruo-Nan Feng Wen-Feng Guo qi-ning Song Ye-Feng Bao College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Hohai UniversityChangzhou 213022China

In this work,the influence of the Zener-Hollomon(Z)parameter on the microstructure and mechanical properties of copper subjected to friction stir welding(FSW)was *** N2 cooling was conducted to control the cooling rate after the *** obtained results demonstrate that the Z parameter was dependent on the tool rotation rate during the FSW,i.e.,a higher tool rotating rate resulted in a lower Z *** grain size in the stir zone decreased with the increase in the Z *** relationship between the yield strength and the Z parameter is established asσ0.2=σ0+*** relationship exhibited two different plots under the conditions of air cooling and liquid N2 *** at a similar Z parameter,a significant yield strength difference occurred because massive dislocations,which were caused by the prevention of the post-annealing effect,were maintained in the stir *** study suggests that the influence of the post-annealing effect should not be neglected when analyzing the relationship between the Z parameter,micro structure,and mechanical properties.

关键词： Copper Friction stir welding Microstructure Mechanical properties

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MILP Model for Plant-Wide Optimal By-Product Gas Scheduling in Iron and Steel Industry

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2010年第7期17卷 34-37页

作者： KONG Hai-ning qi Er-shi HE Shu-guang, LI Gang Management School Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China

The scheduling of by-product gases in by-product gas system,cogeneration system and production system is *** gas-consuming users are divided into three kinds according to their different characters and then a distribution model is built.A dynamic mixed integer linear programming（MILP）model for multiperiod optimization of by-product gas is performed to optimize by-product gas distribution to achieve total cost *** study shows that 6.2% operation cost is reduced by using the proposed model.

关键词： iron and steel industry MILP by-product gas distribution scheduling

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Flexible polydimethylsiloxane pressure sensor with micro-pyramid structures and embedded silver nanowires:A novel application in urinary flow measurement

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Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2024年第3期7卷 1-12页

作者： Ben-Song Wang Ang Gao Song-Wei Huang qi-Hong ning Cheng Zhou qi-Xiang Song Da-XiangCui School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Urology Renji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Flexible pressure sensors are lightweight and highly sensitive,making them suitable for use in small portable devices to achieve precise measurements of tiny *** article introduces a low-cost and easy-fabrication strategy for piezoresistive flexible pressure *** embedding silver nanowires into a polydimethylsiloxane layer with micro-pyramids on its surface,a flexible pressure sensor is created that can detect low pressure (17.3 Pa) with fast response (<20 ms) and high sensitivity (69.6 mA kPa-1).Furthermore,the pressure sensor exhibits a sensitive and stable response to a small amount of water flowing on its *** this basis,the flexible pressure sensor is innovatively combined with a micro-rotor to fabricate a novel urinary flow-rate meter (uroflowmeter),and results from a simulated human urination experiment show that the uroflowmeter accurately captured all the essential shape characteristics that were present in the pump-simulated urination *** ahead,this research provides a new reference for using flexible pressure sensors in urinary flow-rate monitoring.

关键词： Flexible pressure sensor Silver nanowires Portable device Uroﬂowmeter Healthcare

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Causes and detection of coalfield fires, control techniques, and heat energy recovery: A review

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第3期27卷 275-291页

作者： He-tao Su Fu-bao Zhou Bo-bo Shi Hai-ning qi Jin-chang Deng School of Engineering and Technology China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Gas and Fire Control for Coal Mines(China University of Mining and Technology) Ministry of EducationXuzhou 221116China Key Laboratory of Deep GeoDrilling Technology Ministry of Natural ResourcesChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

Coalfield fires are considered a global crisis that contributes significantly to environmental destruction and loss of coal resources and poses a serious threat to human safety and health. In this paper, research related to the initiation, development, and evolution of coalfield fires is reviewed. The existing detection and control techniques of coalfield fires are also reviewed. Traditional firefighting is associated with waste of resources, potential risks of recrudescence, potential safety hazards, extensive and expensive engineering works, and power shortages. Recently,coalfield fires have been recognized as having significant potential for energy conservation and heat energy recovery. Thermoelectric power generation is regarded as a suitable technology for the utilization of heat from coalfield fires. The extraction of heat from coalfield fires can also control coalfield fires and prevent reignition leading to combustion. Technologies for absorbing heat from burning coal and overlying rocks are also analyzed. In addition, the control mode of "three-region linkage" is proposed to improve firefighting efficiency. Integrating heat energy recovery with firefighting is an innovative method to control coalfield fires.

关键词： spontaneous coal combustion oxygen supply firefighting thermoelectric thermosyphon three-region linkage

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