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潋水河流域生态修复过程中土壤速效钾的时空变异

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水土保持学报 2004年第6期18卷 88-92页

作者：李娟张世熔孙波赵其国肖鹏飞中国科学院南京土壤研究所江苏南京210008 四川农业大学资源环境学院四川雅安625014

采用基于GIS普通克里格法和概率克里格法分析江西潋水河流域土壤速效钾含量的时空变异特征。结果表明,潋水河流域样点间表层(0～3.cm)土壤速效钾平均含量由1.81.的(1.0} 8±89 7)mg/kg降低到{4.0{4.的(1.0} 9±97 6)mg/kg,平均降低了{4.1.... 详细信息

采用基于GIS普通克里格法和概率克里格法分析江西潋水河流域土壤速效钾含量的时空变异特征。结果表明,潋水河流域样点间表层(0～3.cm)土壤速效钾平均含量由1.81.的(1.0} 8±89 7)mg/kg降低到{4.0{4.的(1.0} 9±97 6)mg/kg,平均降低了{4.1.%。尽管经过近{4.年的生态修复,样点间土壤速效钾平均含量总体上下降不多,但因土地利用和水土流失修复工程实施的差异,占流域面积60 63.的土壤速效钾含量减少,仅占3. 3.%的土壤速效钾含量增加。土壤速效钾含量分级统计表明,1.81.速效钾含量水平在50～1.0mg/kg,1.0～1.0mg/kg,1.0～{4.0mg/kg和>{4.0mg/kg的土壤分别占流域面积的1. 3.%,75 3.%,1. 78%和{4.56%,而{4.0{4.则相应为3. 75%,4. 3.%,1. 60%和3.3.%。该流域土壤速效钾在≤1.0mg/kg,≤1.2}mg/kg和>1.0mg/kg含量水平下的几何平均概率分别由1.81.的0 4.3.0 566和0 3.0}变为{4.0{4.的0 5{4.,0 61.和0 {4.{4.从贮量变化上看,{4.年间潋水河流域内表层土壤速效钾贮量从1.81.的{4.4.×1.4.变为{4.0{4.的{4.3.×1.4.,下降了1.75 3.t。

关键词：潋水河流域生态修复过程土壤速效钾时空变异

MEPM模型:基于深度学习的多变量厄尔尼诺-南方涛动预测模型

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地球科学与环境学报 2024年第3期46卷 285-297页

作者：方巍张霄智齐媚涵南京信息工程大学计算机学院江苏南京210044 南京信息工程大学数字取证教育部工程研究中心江苏南京210044 南京气象科技创新研究院中国气象局交通气象重点开放实验室江苏南京210041 中国气象局武汉暴雨研究所中国气象局流域强降水重点开放实验室/暴雨监测预警湖北省重点实验室湖北武汉430205 苏州大学江苏省计算机信息处理技术重点实验室江苏苏州215006

厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)是发生在热带太平洋年际时间尺度的海-气相互作用的异常现象,并由Nino3.4.数表征其发生情况;除此之外,ENSO与众多极端气候事件密切相关。因此,有效的ENSO预测对于预防极端气候事件和深入研究全球气候变化具有... 详细信息

厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)是发生在热带太平洋年际时间尺度的海-气相互作用的异常现象,并由Nino3.4.数表征其发生情况;除此之外,ENSO与众多极端气候事件密切相关。因此,有效的ENSO预测对于预防极端气候事件和深入研究全球气候变化具有重要意义。然而,目前基于深度学习的ENSO预测大多数是预测一个指数或者单一变量,对于模拟多气候要素下的ENSO预测研究较少。通过提出一种利用多气候变量的ENSO预测模型——MEPM模型,其中包括多变量信息提取模块(MIEM)和时空融合模块(STFM),捕获不同气候变量在时空上的相互依赖性,进而提高ENSO预测的准确性。选取了纬向风应力异常(τ_(x))、经向风应力异常(τ_(y))、海表温度异常(SSTA)和海表下1.0 m温度异常(SSTA1.0)4.变量的距平值进行ENSO预测。结果表明:MEPM模型在提前1.个月的Nino3.4.数相关技巧上分别比北美多模型集合中的动力预报系统CanCM4.CCSM3.GFDL-aer04.1.%、2.%和1.%。此外,MEPM模型在中期Nino3.4.数相关技巧上显著优于其他深度学习模型,并可提供长达1.个月的有效预测。

关键词：气候变化厄尔尼诺-南方涛动多气候变量深度学习时空序列预测卷积神经网络

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江苏粳稻育成品种氮响应相关性状位点分析

中国水稻科学 2024年第5期38卷 535-543页

作者：唐伟杰陈海元张所兵唐骏林静方先文张抒南肖宁吴云雨李爱宏张云辉江苏省农业生物学重点实验室/江苏省农业科学院种质资源与生物技术研究所南京210014 生物育种钟山实验室南京210014 江苏省粮食作物现代生产技术协同创新中心江苏扬州225009 南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新利用全国重点实验室南京210095 江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所江苏扬州225009

【目的】江苏省是水稻氮肥施用量较高的区域,且水稻品种选育历史悠久,种质来源广泛;为了鉴定江苏水稻品种的氮响应相关性状以及氮响应相关基因,筛选氮高效品系,最终降低氮肥用量。【方法】利用76份不同地区、不同选育时间育成的江苏粳... 详细信息

【目的】江苏省是水稻氮肥施用量较高的区域,且水稻品种选育历史悠久,种质来源广泛;为了鉴定江苏水稻品种的氮响应相关性状以及氮响应相关基因,筛选氮高效品系,最终降低氮肥用量。【方法】利用76份不同地区、不同选育时间育成的江苏粳稻品种为试验材料,利用GATK4.软件获取群体变异信息,并用Admixture软件分析群体结构,以三个不同氮肥处理水平,调查成熟期氮响应相关性状并分析氮响应相关位点。【结果】筛选到了华粳5号和宁粳5号等氮钝感品种;利用关联分析,发现了已知或已报道的氮相关基因(OsAMT1.2.OsNRT2.4.Fd-GOGAT1.)邻近位点;进一步分析了位点的优异变异和携带优异位点的品种。【结论】鉴定了江苏育成粳稻品种的氮响应差异和携带的优异位点,可为选育不同氮响应品种提供参考。

关键词：氮响应品种筛选优异位点

Association between Selenium in Soil and Diabetes in Chinese Residents Aged 3.–74.Years:Results from the {1.1. National Survey of Chronic Diseases and Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance

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Biomedical and Environmental sciences 2020年第4期33卷 260-268页

作者： WANG qi qi YU Shi Cheng XU Cheng Dong {2.U Jian Jun {2. Yuan qiu zhang Man Hui LONG xiao Juan {2.U Yun Ning BI Yu fang ZHAO Wen Hua YAO Hong Yan Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 102206China State Key Laboratory of resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Peking University Third Hospital Beijing 100191China National Center for Chronic and Non communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100050China Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China National institute for Nutrition and Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100050China

Objective To explore the association between soil selenium levels and the risk of diabetes in Chinese adults aged 3.–74.*** Data for this study were derived from the{1. Chronic Diseases and Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance 2.1. *** concentrations in soil were obtained from the Atlas of Soil Environmental Background Values in{1..A two-level binary logistic regression model was used to determine the association between soil selenium concentrations and the risk of diabetes,with participants nested within districts/*** A total of 69,3.2.participants aged 3.–74.years,from 1.8 districts/counties were included in the *** of selenium in soil varied greatly across the 1.8 districts/counties,with a median concentration of 0.2.9 mg/kg(IQR:0.1.5–0.2.8).The results showed that both Quartile 1.0.1.9–0.1.5 mg/kg)and Quartile 4.0.2.9–0.3.4.mg/kg)groups were positively associated with diabetes compared to a soil selenium concentration of 0.1.6–0.2.9 mg/kg(Quartile 2.,crude odds ratios(ORs)(95%CI)were 1.2.7(1.003.1.502.and 1.2.0(1.04.–1.563..The P values were 0.04. and 0.01.0}for Quartile 1.and Quartile 4.groups,*** adjusting for all confounding factors of interest,the Quartile 1.group became non-significant,and the Quartile 4.group had an adjusted OR(95%CI)of 1.2.3.1.01.–1.4.2})relative to the reference group(Quartile 2.,the P values was *** significant results were seen for the Quartile 3.group(0.2.0–0.2.8 mg/kg)compared to the reference *** Excessive selenium concentrations in soil could increase the risk of diabetes among Chinese adults aged 3.–74.years.

关键词： Selenium Diabetes Odds ratio Behavioral risk factors Survey

Development of Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) Primers for the Detection of Resistance to Sporisorium reiliana in Maize

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Agricultural sciences in{1. 2009年第8期8卷 910-919页

作者： SHI Hong-liang li Xin-hai {2. De-gui XIE Chuan-{3. HAO Zhuan-{4. li Ming-shun PAN Guang-tang {2. Sbi-huang Maize Research institute Sichuang Agricultural University Ya ＇an 625014 P.R. China institute of Crop {1. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Beijing 100081 P.R. China

Head smut of maize （Zea mays L.）, which was caused by Sporisorium reiliana, occurred in most of the maize growing areas of the world. The purpose of this study was to develop SCAR markers for map-based cloning of resistance genes and MAS. Two sets of BC3.progenies, one （BC3.） derived from the cross qi3.9 （resistance）×Huangzao 4.（susceptible）, the other （BC3.） from Mol7 （resistance）× Huangzao 4.（susceptible）, were generated. Huangzao 4.was the recurrent parent in both progenies. A combination of BSA （bulked segregant analysis） with AFLP （amplified fragment length polymorphism） method was applied to map the genes involving the resistance to S. reiliana, and corresponding resistant and susceptible bulks and their parental lines were used for screening polymorphic AFLP primer pairs. One fragment of PI3.61-152.was converted into SCAR （sequence charactered amplified fragment） marker S13.. The marker was mapped at chromosome bin 2.09, the interval of a major QTL region previously reported to contribute to S. reiliana resistance. Furthermore, S13. was highly and facilitate map-based cloni associated with resistance to S. reiliana, and could be useful for marker-assisted selection ng of resistance genes.

关键词： maize (Zea mays L.) Sporisorium reiliana bulked segregant analysis amplified fragment length polymorphism sequence characterized amplified region

Development of T. aestivum ***. californicum Alien Chromosome lines and Assignment of Homoeologous Groups of Hordeum californicum Chromosomes

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2014年第8期41卷 439-447页

作者： Yuhui fang Jingya Yuan {1.jun Wang Haiyan Wang Jin {2. Zhixi Yang Rui{3. {1. Zengjun {3. Weigang Xu lin Hu Xiu-E Wang State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Cytogenetics InstituteNanjing Agricultural University Wheat Research Center Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Hordeum californicum （{1. = {1. = 1., HH） is resistant to several wheat diseases and tolerant to lower nitrogen. In this study, a molecular karyotype of H. californicum chromosomes in the Triticum aestivum L. cv. Chin... 详细信息

Hordeum californicum （2. = 2. = 14. HH） is resistant to several wheat diseases and tolerant to lower nitrogen. In this study, a molecular karyotype of H. californicum chromosomes in the Triticum aestivum L. cv. Chinese Spring （CS）-H. californicum amphidiploid （2. = 6x = 56, AABBDDHH） was established. By genomic in situ hybridization （GISH） and multicolor fluorescent in situ hybridization （FISH） using repetitive DNA clones （pTa71, pTa794.and pSc119.2. as probes, the H. californicum chromosomes could be differentiated from each other and from the wheat chromosomes unequivocally. Based on molecular karyotype and marker analyses, 12.wheat--alien chromosome lines, including four disomic addition lines （DAH1, DAH{14. DAH5 and DAH6）, five telosomic addition lines （MtH7L, MtHIS, MtH1L, DtH6S and DtH6L）, one multiple addition line involving H. californicum chromosome H2. one disomic substitution line （DSH4. and one translocation line （TH7S/1BL）, were identified from the progenies derived from the crosses of CS-H. californicum amphidiploid with common wheat varieties. A total of 4.2.EST （expressed sequence tag） or SSR （simple sequence repeat） markers specific for individual H. californicum chromosomes were identified, and 4., 50, 4., 4., 2., 51 and 4. markers were assigned to chromosomes H1, H2. H{14. H4. H5, H6 and H7, respectively. According to the chromosome allocation of these markers, chromosomes H2. H{14. H4. H5, and H7 of H. californicum have relationship with wheat homoeologous groups 5, 2. 6, {14. and 1, and hence could be designated as 5Hc, 2.e, 6Hc, {14.c and 1Hc, respectively. The chromosomes H1 and H6 were designated as 7Hc and 4.c, respectively, by referring to SSR markers located on rye chromosomes.

关键词： Hordeum californicum Chinese Spring--H. californicum amphiploid GISH/FISH Alien chromosome lines Homoeologous group

CHES: A Space-borne Astrometric Mission for the Detection of Habitable Planets of the Nearby Solar-type Stars

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第7期22卷 32-59页

作者： Jiang-Hui Ji Hai-Tao li Jun-Bo zhang liang {3. Dong li Su Wang Yang Cao Lei Deng Bao-Quan li Hao Xian xiao-Dong Gao Ang zhang Fei li Jia-Cheng liu Zhao-Xiang qi Sheng Jin Ya-Ning liu Guo Chen Ming-Tao li Yao Dong Zi Zhu CAS Key Laboratory of Planetary sciences Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Electronics and Information Technology for Space Systems National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese academy of {1. Beijing 100049China institute of Optics and Electronics Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610209China Key Laboratory on Adaptive Optics Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610209China Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Optoelectronic Precision Measurement Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610209China Innovation academy for Microsatel{1.tes of Chinese academy of {3. Shanghai 201306China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210046China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China

The Closeby Habitable Exoplanet Survey(CHES) mission is proposed to discover habitable-zone Earth-like planets of nearby solar-type stars(~1. pc away from our solar system) via microarcsecond relative *** major scientific objectives of CHES are:to search for Earth Twins or terrestrial planets in habitable zones orbiting1.0 FGK nearby stars;further to conduct a comprehensive survey and extensively characterize nearby planetary *** primary payload is a high-quality,low-distortion,high-stability *** optical subsystem is a coaxial three-mirror anastigmat(TMA) with a 1.{3.m-aperture,0°.4. × 0°.4. field of view and 500 nm-900 nm working wave *** camera focal plane is composed of a mosaic of 81.scientific CMOS detectors each with4.k × 4.k *** heterodyne laser interferometric calibration technology is employed to ensure microarcsecond level(1.μas) relative astrometry precision to meet the requirements for detection of Earth-like *** CHES satellite operates at the Sun-Earth L{3.point and observes all the target stars for 5 *** will offer the first direct measurements of true masses and inclinations of Earth Twins and super-Earths orbiting our neighbor stars based on microarcsecond astrometry from *** will definitely enhance our understanding of the formation of diverse nearby planetary systems and the emergence of other worlds for solar-type stars,and finally provide insights to the evolution of our own solar system.

关键词： Astrometry and Celestial Mechanics planets and satellites:detection planets and satellites:terrestrial planets stars:solar-type

Amplitude analysis of the decays D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(+)π^(−)and D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(0)π^(0)

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第8期48卷 6-33页

作者： M.Ablikim M.N.Achasov P.Adlarson O.Afedulidis X.C.Ai R.Aliberti A.Amoroso Q.An Y.Bai O.Bakina I.Balossino Y.Ban H.-R.Bao V.Batozskaya K.Begzsuren N.Berger M.Berlowski M.Bertani D.Bettoni F.Bianchi E.Bianco A.Bortone I.Boyko R.A.Briere A.Brueggemann H.Cai X.Cai A.Calcaterra G.F.Cao N.Cao S.A.Cetin J.F.Chang W.L.Chang G.R.Che G.Chelkov C.Chen C.H.Chen Chao Chen G.Chen H.S.Chen M.L.Chen S.J.Chen S.L.Chen S.M.Chen T.Chen X.R.Chen X.T.Chen Y.B.Chen Y.Q.Chen Z.J.Chen Z.Y.Chen S.K.Choi X.Chu G.Cibinetto F.Cossio J.J.Cui H.L.Dai J.P.Dai A.Dbeyssi R.E.de Boer D.Dedovich C.Q.Deng Z.Y.Deng A.Denig I.Denysenko M.Destefanis F.De Mori B.{3. S.S.{3. W.X.{3. Y.{3. Y.Q.{3. R.Farinelli L.Fava F.Feldbauer G.Felici C.Q.Feng J.H.Feng Y.T.Feng K.Fischer M.Fritsch C.D.Fu J.L.Fu Y.W.Fu H.Gao Y.N.Gao Yang Gao S.Garbolino I.Garzia P.T.Ge Z.W.Ge C.Geng E.M.Gersabeck B.Ding X.X.Ding Y.Ding Y.Ding J.Dong L.Y.Dong M.Y.Dong X.Dong M.C.Du S.X.Du Z.H.Duan P.Egorov Y.H.Fan J.{3. JA.Gilman K.Goetzen L.Gong W.X.Gong W.Gradl S.Gramigna M.Greco M.H.Gu Y.T.Gu C.Y.Guan Z.L.Guan A.Q.Guo L.B.Guo M.J.Guo R.P.Guo Y.P.Guo A.Guskov J.Gutierrez K.L.Han T.T.Han X.Q.Hao F.A.Harris K.K.He K.L.He F.H.Heinsius C.H.Heinz Y.K.Heng C.Herold T.Holtmann P.C.Hong G.Y.Hou X.T.Hou Y.R.Hou Z.L.Hou B.Y.Hu H.M.Hu J.F.Hu T.Hu Y.Hu G.S.Huang K.X.Huang L.Q.Huang X.T.Huang Y.P.Huang T.Hussain F.H\"olzken N.H\"usken N.in der Wiesche M.Irshad J.Jackson S.Janchiv J.H.Jeong Q.Ji Q.P.Ji W.Ji X.B.Ji X.L.Ji Y.Y.Ji X.Q.Jia Z.K.Jia D.Jiang H.B.Jiang P.C.Jiang S.S.Jiang T.J.Jiang X.S.Jiang Y.Jiang J.B.Jiao J.K.Jiao Z.Jiao S.Jin Y.Jin M.Q.Jing X.M.Jing T.Johansson S.Kabana N.Kalantar-Nayestanaki X.L.Kang X.S.Kang M.Kavatsyuk B.C.Ke V.Khachatryan A.Khoukaz R.Kiuchi O.B.Kolcu B.Kopf M.Kuessner X.Kui A.Kupsc W.K\"uhn J.J.Lane P.Larin L.Lavezzi T.T.Lei Z.H.Lei H.Leithoff M.Lellmann T.Lenz C.li C.li C.H.li Cheng li D.M.li F.li G.li H.li H.B.li H.J.li H.N.li Hui li J.R.li J.S.li K.li L.J.li L.K.li Lei li M.H.li P.R.li Q.M.li Q.X.li R.li S.X.li T.li W.D.li W.G.li X.li X.H.li X.L.li X.Y.li Y institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Beihang University Beijing 100191China Bochum Ruhr-University D-44780 BochumGermany Budker institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS(BINP) Novosibirsk 630090Russia Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPennsylvania 15213USA Central china Normal University Wuhan 430079China Central South University Changsha 410083China china Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing 100190China china University of Geo{1. Wuhan 430074China Chung-Ang University Seoul06974Republic of Korea COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore CampusDefence RoadOff Raiwind Road54000 LahorePakistan Fudan University Shanghai 200433China GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Research GmbH D-64291 DarmstadtGermany Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004China Guangxi University Nanning 530004China Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036China Hebei University Baoding 071002China Helmholtz institute Mainz Staudinger Weg 18D-55099 MainzGermany Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007China Henan University Kaifeng 475004China Henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471003China Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001China Huangshan College Huangshan 245000China Hunan Normal University Changsha 410081China Hunan University Changsha 410082China Indian institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036India Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati INFN Laboratori Nazionali di FrascatiI-00044FrascatiItaly INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati INFN Sezione di PerugiaI-06100PerugiaItaly INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati University of PerugiaI-06100PerugiaItaly INFN Sezione di Ferrara INFN Sezione di FerraraI-44122FerraraItaly INFN Sezione di Ferrara University of FerraraI-44122FerraraItaly Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021China institute of Modern Physics Lanzhou 730000China institute of Physics and Technology Peace Avenue 54BUlaanbaatar 13330Mongolia Instituto de A

Using e^(+)e^(−)annihilation data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.9{1.fb^(−1.taken at the center-of-mass energy√s={1.77{1.GeV with the BESIII detector,a joint amplitude analysis is performed on the decays D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(+)π^(−)and D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(0)π^(0)(non-η).The fit fractions of individual components are obtained,and large interferences among the dominant components of the decays D^(0)→a_(1.(1.0}0)π,D^(0)→π(1.1.0)π,D^(0)→ρ(770)ρ(770),and D^(0)→2.ππ)_(S)are observed in both *** the obtained amplitude model,the CP-even fractions of D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(+)π^(−)and D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(0)π^(0)(non-η)are determined to be(75.2.1.1.(stat).±1.5_(syst.))%and(68.9±1.5_(stat).±2.4.(syst.))%,*** branching fractions of D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(+)π^(−)and D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(0)π^(0)(non-η)are measured to be(0.688±0.01._(stat.)±0.01._(syst.))%and(0.951.0.02._(stat.)±0.02._(syst.))%,*** amplitude analysis provides an important model for the binning strategy in measuring the strong phase parameters of D^(0)→4.when used to determine the CKM angleγ(ϕ_({1.)via the B^(−)→DK^(−)decay.

关键词： BESIII D^(0)meson decays amplitude analysis CP-even fraction

Medical expenditure for esophageal cancer in china:a 1.-year multicenter retrospective survey({1.0{1.{1.1.)

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2017年第11期36卷 548-559页

作者： Lan-Wei Guo Hui-Yao Huang Ju-fang Shi li-Hong Lv Ya-Na Bai A-Yan Mao Xian-Zhen liao Guo-Xiang liu Jian-Song Ren {4.-Jie Sun Xin-Yu Zhu Jin-Yi Zhou Ji-Yong Gong qi Zhou lin Zhu Yu-qin liu Bing-Bing Song ling-Bin Du {4.-Jing Xing Pei-An Lou {4.-Hua Sun {4. qi Shou-ling Wu Rong Cao li Lan Ying Ren Kai zhang Jie He Jian.Gong zhang Min Dai Department of Cancer Epidemiology Henan Office for Cancer Control and Research The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University Henan Cancer Hospital No. 127 Dongming Road Zhengzhou 450008 Henan P. R China Program Office for Cancer Screening in Urban china Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Peking Union Medical College National Cancer Center of China No. 17 Panjiayuannanli Chaoyang District Beijing 100021 P. R. China Department of Human resources The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University Henan Cancer Hospital Zhengzhou 450008 Henan P. R. China institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 Gansu P. R. China Public Health Information Research Office Institute of Medical Information Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Beijing 100020 P. R. China Hunan Office for Cancer Control and Research Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital Changsha 410006 Hunan P. R. China Department of Health Economics School of Health Management Harbin Medical University Harbin 150081 Heilongjiang P. R. China Center for Health Management and Policy Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Shandong University Jinan 250012 Shandong P. R. China institute of Chronic Non.Communicable Diseases Prevention and Control Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Nanjing 210009 Jiangsu P. R. China Science and Education Department Public Health Division Shandong Tumor Hospital Jinan 250117 Shandong P. R. China Chongqing Office for Cancer Control and Research Chongqing Cancer Hospital Chongqing 400030 P. R. China Teaching and Research Department Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University ürümqi 830011 Xinjiang P. R. China Cancer Epidemiology Research Center Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital Lanzhou 730050 Gansu P. R. China Heilongjiang Office for Cancer Control and Research Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin 150081 Heilongjiang P R. China Zhejiang Office for Cancer

Background: Esophageal cancer is associated with substantial disease burden in china, and data on the economic burden are fundamental for setting priorities in cancer interventions. The medical expenditure for the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer in china has not been fully quantified. This study aimed to examine the medical expenditure of Chinese patients with esophageal cancer and the associated ***: From 2.1.2}to 2.1., a hospital-based multicenter retrospective survey was conducted in 3. hospitals in 1.5}provinces/municipa{2.ties across china as a part of the Cancer Screening Program of Urban china. For each esophageal cancer patient diagnosed between 2.02.and 2.1., c{2.nical information and expense data were extracted by using structured questionnaires. All expense data were reported in Chinese Yuan(CNY; 1.CNY = 0.1.5 USD) based on the2.1. value and inflated using the year-specific health care consumer price index for ***: A total of 1.,967 esophageal cancer patients were included in the analysis. It was estimated that the overall average expenditure per patient was 3.,666 CNY, and an average annual increase of 6.2.% was observed from 2.02.2.,1.1.CNY) to 2.1.(4.,1.2} CNY). The average expenditures were 3.,4.0 CNY for stage Ⅰ,3.,3.2.CNY for stage Ⅱ,4.,3.3.CNY for stage Ⅲ, and 3.,4.6}2}CNY for stage IV diseases(P 1.. The expenditure also differed by the therapy type, which was 3.,4.2.CNY for surgery, 2.,93. CNY for radiotherapy, and 2.,805 CNY for chemotherapy(P 4..02. of the overall ***: These conservative estimates suggested that medical expenditures for esophageal cancer in china substantially increased in the last 1. years, treatment for early-stage esophageal cancer costs less than that for advanced cases, and spending on drugs continued to account for a considerable proportion of the overall expenditure.

关键词： Esophageal neoplasms Medical expenditure Diagnosis and treatment china