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Effect of Ni Content on Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior of Al/Sn－9Zn－xNi/Cu Joints

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2012年第9期28卷 844-852页

作者： M.L.Huang N.Kang q.zhou Y.Z.Huang Key Laboratory of Liaoning Advanced Welding and Joining Technology School of Materials Science&EngineeringDMian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

The effects of Ni content on the microstructure and the wetting behavior of Sn-9Zn-xNi solders on Al and Cu substrates, as well as the mechanical properties and electrochemical corrosion behavior of Al/Sn-9Zn-xNi/Cu solder joints, were investigated. The microstructure of Sn-gZn-xNi revealed that tiny Zn and coarsened Ni5Zn21 phases dispersed in theβ-Sn matrix. The wettability of Sn-9Zn-xNi solders on Al substrate was much better than that on Cu substrate. With increasing Ni content, the wettability on Cu substrate was slightly improved but became worse on Al substrate. In the Al/Sn-9Zn-xNi/Cu joints, an Al4.2Cu3.2Zn0.7 intermetallic compound （IMC） layer formed at the Sn-gZn-xNi/Cu interfaces, while an Al-Zn-Sn solid solution layer formed at the Sn-9Zn-xNi/Al interface. The mixed compounds of Ni3Sna and Al3Ni dispersed in the solder matrix and coarsened with increasing Ni content, thus leading to a reduction in shear strength of the Al/Sn-9Zn- xNi/Cu joints. Al particles were segregated at both interfaces in the solder joints. The corrosion potentials of Sn-9Zn-xNi solders continuously increased with increasing Ni content. The Al/Sn-9Zn-0.25Ni/Cu joint was found to have the best electrochemical corrosion resistance in 5% NaCl solution.

关键词： Al-Cu disslmilar-metal solder joint Sn-9Zn-xNi Microstructure Mechanicalproperties Electrochemical corrosion Corrosion potential

Evaluation of Burden Descent Model for Burden Distribution in Blast Furnace

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2016年第8期23卷 765-771页

作者： Ping zhou Peng-yu SHI Yan-po SONG Kai-le TANG Dong FU Chenn q.zhou School of Energy Science and Engineering Central South University Center for Innovation through Visualization and Simulation Purdue University Calumet

Mathematical models for burden descending process have been applied to obtain whole burden structures in blast furnace,whereas the accuracy of those burden descent models has not been sufficiently *** evaluation method based on timeline burden profiles was established to quantitatively evaluate the error between experimental and modeled burden *** existing burden descent models were utilized to describe the burden structure of a 1/20 scaled warm blast *** modeling conditions including initial burden profile,descending volumes in each time interval,and normalized descending velocity distribution were determined via special image processing *** burden structures were evaluated combined with the published experimental *** is found that all the models caught the main profile of the burden ***,the improved nonuniform descent model（Model IV）shows the highest level of precision especially when burden descends with unstable velocity distribution ***,the traditional nonuniform descent model（Model III）may also be desirable to model the burden descending process when the burden descending velocity presents a linear ***,the uniform descent model（Model I）might be the first option for roughly predicting burden structure.

关键词： burden descending descent normalized utilized scaled sufficiently modeled desirable quantitatively

The mechanical behavior of nanoscale metallic multilayers:A survey

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2015年第3期31卷 319-337页

作者： q.zhou J.Y.Xie F.Wang P.Huang K.W.Xu T.J.Lu State-Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Material Xi’an Jiaotong University State-Key Laboratory for Mechanical Structure Strength and Vibration Xi’an Jiaotong University

The mechanical behavior of nanoscale metallic multilayers （NMMs） has attracted much attention from both scientific and practical views. Compared with their monolithic counterparts, the large number of interfaces existing in the NMMs dictates the unique behavior of this special class of structural composite materials. While there have been a number of reviews on the mechanical mechanism of micro- laminates, the rapid development of nanotechnology brought a pressing need for an overview focusing exclusively on a property-based definition of the NMMs, especially their size- dependent microstructure and mechanical performance. This article attempts to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date review on the microstructure, mechanical property and plas- tic deformation physics of NMMs. We hope this review could accomplish two purposes：（1） introducing the basic concepts of scaling and dimensional analysis to scientists and engi- neers working on NMM systems, and （2） providing a better understanding of interface behavior and the exceptional qual- ities the interfaces in NMMs display at atomic scale.

关键词： Multilayer Interface Microstructure Mechanical behavior

Application Prospect of Fission-Powered Spacecraft in Solar System Exploration Missions

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Space(Science & Technology) 2021年第1期2021卷 309-323页

作者： Y.Xia J.Li R.Zhai J.Wang B.Lin q.zhou Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering BeijingChina Science and Technology on Reliability and Environmental Engineering Laboratory BeijingChina Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology of Tsinghua University The Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and SafetyMinistry of EducationBeijingChina

Fission power is a promising technology,and it has been proposed for several future space *** is being considered for highpower missions whose goal is to explore the solar system and even *** fission power has made great progress when NASA’s 1 kWe Kilowatt Reactor Using Stirling TechnologY(KRUSTY)prototype completed a full power scale nuclear test in *** success stimulated a new round of research competition among the major space *** article reviews the development of the Kilopower reactor and the KRUSTY system *** summarizes the current missions that fission reactors are being considered as a power and/or propulsion *** projects include visiting Jupiter and Saturn systems,Chiron,and Kuiper belt object;Neptune exploration missions;and lunar and Mars surface base *** studies suggest that the Fission Electric Propulsion(FEP)/Fission Power System(FPS)is better than the Radioisotope Electric Propulsion(REP)/Radioisotope Power System(RPS)in the aspect of cost for missions with a power level that reaches~1 kWe,and when the power levels reaches~8 kWe,it has the advantage of lower *** a mission that travels further than~Saturn,REP with plutonium may not be cost acceptable,leaving FEP the only *** missions prefer the use of FPS because it satisfies the power level of 10’s kWe,and FPS vastly widens the choice of possible landing *** to the current situation,we are expecting a flagship-level fission-powered space exploration mission in the next 1-2 decades.

关键词： satis Saturn isotope

Numerical Simulation and Visualization of Blast Furnaces

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Numerical Simulation and Visualization of Blast Furnaces

Cross Flow Through a Corrugated Channel With Patterned Slip

“第十届中国钢铁年会”暨“第六届宝钢学术年会”

作者： Chenn q.zhou Steel Manufacturing Simulation and Visualization Consortium （SMSVC） Center for Innovation through Visualization and Simulation（CIVS）Purdue University

A blast furnace involves various capital and energy intensive processes. Due to complex phenomena and the difficulties in taking measurements, the knowledge needed for optimization of blast furnace operation can be most readily obtained through the development of high fidelity computational fluid dynamics（CFD） simulations. However, with increasingly complex CFD capable of simulating and analyzing ever-larger amounts of data, interpolating and presenting the numerical data in a meaningful fashion is a key for effective communication between CFD experts and plant engineers. Recently, virtual reality（VR） visualization technology made it possible for people to analyze huge amounts of CFD data in a virtual environment. This paper will present the methodology and results of integrating CFD simulation and VR visualization of blast furnaces. Such integration allows the creation of virtual blast furnaces which can be used for optimization, troubleshooting, design and training to improve the process performance and productivity.

关键词： blast furnace CFD simulation virtual reality visualization

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Cross Flow Through a Corrugated Channel With Patterned Slip

CFD modelling and optimization of oxygen supply mode in KIVCET smelting process

The 16th Annual Conference of Hong Kong Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics 2012、The 1st Mainland-Hong Kong Youth Forum on Mechanics 2012、The 8th Shanghai-Hong Kong Forum on Mechanics and Its Application 2012

作者： q.zhou C.O.Ng Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong

This work aims to investigate the integrated effects of wall corrugations and slip patterns on the flow in a *** slip length for pressure-driven cross flow through a corrugated channel with patterned wall slip is deduced using the lubrication approximation method on assuming slow variations in the streamwise *** of the effective slip length are numerically obtained for various combinations of phase differences within and between the corrugations and the slip *** particular,effective slip lengths for basic situations(*** only corrugations considered and with only patterned slip considered) are calculated first and summarized to compare with findings of previous *** of this work show that for cross flow the maximum effective slip length appears when the corrugations are in phase and the slip patterns are half-period out of phase;while the minimum value may but not necessarily appear when the corrugations are half-period out of phase and the slip patterns are in *** is also presented showing that,when the corrugations are in phase,changes of the corrugation parameters, such as the corrugation magnitude and the phase difference between the corrugations and the slip pattern will have no effect on the effective slip length.

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2019年第7期29卷 1560-1568页

作者： Jia-dong LI Ping zhou zhou LIAO Li-yuan CHAI Chenn q. zhou Ling ZHANG School of Energy Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Zhuzhou Smelter Group Company Limited Zhuzhou 412004China School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Center for Innovation through Visualization and Simulation Purdue University Northwest2200 169th StreetHammondIN 46323USA Changsha Nonferrous Metallurgy Design and Research Institute Company Limited Changsha 410019China

The influence of oxygen supply mode on the KIVCET (a Russian acronym for flash?cyclone?oxygen?electric?smelting) process was investigated using numerical simulation. The mass rate ratio (MRR) of central oxygen to lateral oxygen of the central jet distributor (CJD) burner was defined to express the oxygen supply mode, and the KIVCET process with an MRR ranging from 0.09 to 0.39 was simulated. The results show that there are four efficient reaction regions that correspond to four CJD burners. A higher central oxygen flow improves the mixing between particles and oxygen, thus enhancing reactions and shortening the reaction regions. However, a higher dust rate is induced due to the spread of the particle columns. The optimal MRR for a KIVCET furnace with a smelting capacity of 50000 kg/h is suggested to be 0.31. In this case, the chemical reactions associated with the feed are completed with an acceptable dust rate.

关键词： KIVCET furnace central jet distributor (CJD) burner computational fluid dynamics (CFD) central oxygen lateral oxygen optimization

Evaluation of flow behavior in copper electro-refining cell with different inlet arrangements

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2017年第10期27卷 2282-2290页

作者： Ping zhou Hai-bo MA Zi-wei XIE Hong-jie YAN Chenn q. zhou School of Energy Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha 410083 China Center for Innovation through Visualization and Simulation Purdue University Northwest 2200 169th Street Hammond IN 46323 USA

The arrangement of electrolyte inlet in the copper electro-refining(ER)cell has a great influence on the local flow field,which affects the distribution of electrical current density in *** order to understand the complicated phenomena ofelectrolyte flow behavior in vertical counter electrodes in full-scale copper ER cell,the three-dimensional computational fluiddynamics(CFD)models with four different arrangements of electrolyte inlets,i.e.,single inlet(SI),central bottom inlets(CBI),topside interlaced inlets(TII),and bottom side interlaced inlets(BII),were established to simulate the flow *** resultshave revealed that the parallel injection devices help to improve the electrolyte velocity between electrodes,and while the relativerange of electrolyte velocity in CBI exceeds that of TII and BII,which is more than4times,indicating its severer unequal ***,the average velocity of electrolyte in BII is4times larger than that of SI due to its higher ***,one of the efficient ways to supply fresh copper solution rapidly and uniformly into the inter-electrode space is toadapt the arrangement of *** utilizing such an arrangement,the electro-refining under high electrical current density is possible,and the productivity can be increased in sequence.

关键词： copper electro-refining electrolyte inlet arrangement flow uniformity computational fluid dynamics

Combating Accidental Microbial Episodes by Back-Ground Chlorine Residuals in a Scaled-up Distribution Network (Rig) Using a Central Composite Design(CCD)

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Combating Accidental Microbial Episodes by Back-Ground Chlor...