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Effects of thinning and understory removal on water use efficiency of Pinus massoniana:evidence from photosynthetic capacity and stable carbon isotope analyses

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 42-53页

作者： Ting Wang qing Xu Beibei zhang Deqiang Gao Ying zhang Jing Jiang Haijun zuo Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation InstituteChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091People’s Republic of China College of Agronomy and Agricultural Engineering Liaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252000People’s Republic of China Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences Faculty of ForestryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada

Understanding the relationship between forest management and water use efficiency(WUE)is important for evaluating forest adaptability to climate ***,the effects of thinning and understory removal on WUE and its key controlling processes are not well understood,which limits our comprehension of the physiological mechanisms of various management *** this study,four forest management measures(no thinning:NT;understory removal:UR;light thinning:LT;and heavy thinning:HT)were carried out in Pinus massoniana plantations in a subtropical region of *** capacity and needle stable carbon isotope composition(δ^(13)C)were measured to assess instantaneous water use efficiency(WUE_(inst))and long-term water use efficiency(WUE_(i)).Multiple regression models and structural equation modelling(SEM)identified the effects of soil properties and physiological performances on WUE_(inst)and WUE_(i).The results show that WUE_(inst)values among the four treatments were ***,compared with the NT stand(35.8μmol·mol^(-1)),WUE_(i)values significantly increased to 41.7μmol·mol^(-1)in the UR,50.1μmol·mol^(-1)in the LT and 46.6μmol·mol^(-1)in HT treatments,largely explained by photosynthetic capacity and soil water *** removal did not change physiological performance(needle water potential and photosynthetic capacity).Thinning increased the net photosynthetic rate(A_n)but not stomatal conductance(g_s)or predawn needle water potential(ψ_(pd)),implying that the improvement in water use efficiency for thinned stands was largely driven by radiation interception than by soil water *** general,thinning may be an appropriate management measure to promote *** WUE to cope with seasonal droughts under future extreme climates.

关键词： Stable carbon isotope Water use efficiency Thinning Understory removal Photosynthetic capacity Needle water potential

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Topological and superconducting properties of monolayered CoN and CoP:A first-principles comparative study

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 98-108页

作者： Jiaqing Gao zhenyu zhang Ping Cui International Center for quantum Design of Functional Materials(ICqD) Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale(HFNL)University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China

Two-dimensional systems that simultaneously harbor superconductivity and nontrivial band topology may serve as appealing platforms for realizing topological superconductivity with promising applications in fault-tolerant quantum ***,based on first-principles calculations,we show that monolayered Co N and Co P with the isovalent Fe Se-like structure are stable in freestanding form,even though their known bulk phases have no resemblance to *** two systems are further revealed to display intrinsic band inversions due to crystal field splitting,and such orderings are preserved with the inclusion of spin-orbit coupling(SOC),which otherwise is able to open a curved band gap,yielding a non-zero z2 topological invariant in each *** a mechanism of topologicalization is distinctly contrasted with that identified recently for the closely related monolayers of CoX(X=As,Sb,Bi),where the SOC plays an indispensable role in causing a nontrivial band ***,we demonstrate that,by applying equi-biaxial tensile strain,the electron-phonon coupling strength in monolayered CoN can be significantly enhanced,yielding a superconducting transition temperature(Tc)up to 7-12 K for the Coulomb pseudopotential ofμ*=0.2-0.1,while the CoP monolayer shows very low Tc even under pronounced *** different superconducting behaviors can be attributed to different variations in lattice softening and electronic density of states around the Fermi level upon *** central findings enrich the understanding of different mechanisms of band inversions and topologicalization and offer platforms for achieving the coexistence of superconductivity and nontrivial band topology based on two-dimensional systems.

关键词： topological yielding otherwise

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Deactivation mechanisms and anti-deactivation strategies of molecular sieve catalysts for NO_(x)reduction

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 8-18页

作者： Fuli Wang Penglu Wang Jin zhang Dengchao Peng Mengmeng Wei Dengsong zhang School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special SteelInternational Joint Laboratory of Catalytic ChemistryCollege of SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

Molecular sieve catalysts,owing to their unique chemical properties,are widely used as catalysts among various catalytic *** Br?nsted acid sites in molecular sieve catalysts usually enable active components to disperse well on the catalyst surface,and help to adsorb a large number of gas molecules to achieve maximum catalytic ***,a variety of molecular sieve catalysts have been developed and used in the selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x)by NH_(3)(NH_(3)-SCR).For example,Cu molecular sieve catalysts such as Cu-SSz-13 and Cu-SAPO-34 with wide temperature windows and stable structure are considered and applied as commercial catalysts for NO_(x)removal in diesel vehicles for a long *** molecular sieve catalysts possess many advantages,they still cannot avoid the serious deactivation caused by various factors in practical *** this review,reasons leading to the deactivation of molecular sieve catalysts for NO_(x)reduction in actual working conditions were *** deactivation mechanisms of molecular sieve catalysts for NO_(x)reduction were analyzed and the corresponding anti-deactivation strategies were ***,challenges and prospects of molecular sieve catalysts for NO_(x)reduction were also proposed.

关键词： Environmental catalysis NO_(x) reduction Molecular sieve catalysts Deactivation mechanism Anti-deactivation

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Targeting a disintegrin and metalloprotease(ADAM)17-CD122 axis enhances CD8^(+)T cell effector differentiation and anti-tumor immunity

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 3097-3111页

作者： Lina Sun Anjun Jiao Haiyan Liu Renyi Ding Ning Yuan Biao Yang Cangang zhang Xiaoxuan Jia Gang Wang Yanhong Su Dan zhang Lin Shi Chenming Sun Aijun zhang Lianjun zhang Baojun zhang Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology School of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710061China Institute of Infection and Immunity Translational Medicine InstituteXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anShaanxi 710061China Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Ministry of EducationXi’anShaanxi 710061China Xi’an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases Xi’anShannxi 710061China Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy Cancer InstituteXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina Department of Pediatrics Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation Suzhou Institute of Systems MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeSuzhou 215123 JiangsuChina Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements Suzhou Institute of Systems MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeSuzhou 215123 JiangsuChina

CD8^(+)T cell immune responses are regulated by multi-layer networks,while the post-translational regulation remains largely *** ectodomain shedding is an important post-translational process orchestrating receptor expression and signal transduction through proteolytic cleavage of membrane ***,by targeting the sheddase A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease(ADAM)17,we defined a post-translational regulatory mechanism mediated by the ectodomain shedding in CD8^(+)T *** and proteomic analysis revealed the involvement of post-translational regulation in CD8^(+)T cells.T cellspecific deletion of ADAM17 led to a dramatic increase in effector CD8^(+)T cell differentiation and enhanced cytolytic effects to eliminate pathogens and ***,ADAM17 regulated CD8^(+)T cells through cleavage of membrane ***17 inhibition led to elevated CD122 expression and enhanced response to IL-2 and IL-15 stimulation in both mouse and human CD8^(+)T ***,inhibition of ADAM17 in CD8^(+)T cells improved the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T cells in solid *** findings reveal a critical post-translational regulation in CD8^(+)T cells,providing a potential therapeutic strategy of targeting ADAM17 for effective anti-tumor immunity.

关键词： immunity stimulation involvement

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Experimental investigation on rockburst characteristics of highly stressed D-shape tunnel subjected to impact load

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Underground Space 2024年第6期19卷 153-168页

作者： Wuxing Wu Fengqiang Gong zongxian zhang School of Civil Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China Oulu Mining School University of OuluOulu 90570Finland

Rockburst has always been a challenge for the safe construction of deep underground *** study investigated the rockburst characteristics in highly-stressed D-shape tunnels under impact loads from rock blasting and other mining-related dynamics *** biaxial Hopkinson pressure bar was utilized to apply varying biaxial prestress and the same impact loads to cube specimens with D-shape ***-speed camera and digital image correlation(DIC)were used to capture the failure process and strain field of *** test results demonstrate that the D-shape hole specimen experience rockburst under coupled static stress and impact *** this circumstance,the rockburst mechanism of the D-shaped hole specimens involves spalling in sidewall induced by impact load,indicating dynamic tensile *** high static prestress provides the initial stress field,while the impact load disrupts the stress equilibrium,result in the stress or strain concentration in the sidewall of the D-shape hole,inducing ***,the rockburst process can be divided into(1)calm stage,(2)crack initiation,propagation,and coalesce stage,(3)spalling stage and(4)rock fragments ejection *** load triggers rockburst occurrence,while vertical stress further determines the rockburst *** influence range and magnitude of strain concentration zone and displacement deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock increases with increasing vertical stress,thus inducing more severe rockburst.

关键词： Rockburst Spalling D-shape tunnel Impact load Biaxial prestresses Biaxial Hopkinson pressure bar

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Endogenous Security Formal Definition,Innovation Mechanisms,and Experiment Research in Industrial Internet

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 492-505页

作者： Hongsong Chen Xintong Han Yiying zhang School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

With the rapid development of information technologies,industrial Internet has become more open,and security issues have become more *** endogenous security mechanism can achieve the autonomous immune mechanism without prior ***,endogenous security lacks a scientific and formal definition in industrial ***,firstly we give a formal definition of endogenous security in industrial Internet and propose a new industrial Internet endogenous security architecture with cost ***,the endogenous security innovation mechanism is clearly ***,an improved clone selection algorithm based on federated learning is ***,we analyze the threat model of the industrial Internet identity authentication scenario,and propose cross-domain authentication mechanism based on endogenous key and zero-knowledge *** conduct identity authentication experiments based on two types of blockchains and compare their experimental *** on the experimental analysis,Ethereum alliance blockchain can be used to provide the identity resolution services on the industrial *** of Things Application(IOTA)public blockchain can be used for data aggregation analysis of Internet of Things(IoT)edge ***,we propose three core challenges and solutions of endogenous security in industrial Internet and give future development directions.

关键词： industrial Internet endogenous security architecture federated learning blockchain

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Enhanced terahertz vibrational absorption spectroscopy using an integrated high-q resonator

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Photonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1542-1547页

作者： zHIBO HOU LIAO CHEN RONGWU LIU CHI zhang XIAOJUN WU XINLIANG zhang Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Optics Valley Laboratory Wuhan 430074China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

The terahertz(THz) absorption spectrum is a powerful method to identify substances. The improvement focuses on sensitivity and recovery ability. Here, we demonstrate enhanced THz vibrational absorption spectroscopy based on an on-chip THz whispering gallery mode resonator(THz-WGMR). A THz-WGMR with high q can store energy and enhance the interaction between the THz waves and the target substances to capture the unique absorption fingerprint information. Therefore, it possesses significant sensitivity to identify trace amounts of substances. As a proof of concept, lactose powder and glucose powder are applied to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in recovering fingerprint absorption spectroscopy. Compared with a straight waveguide, the high sensitivity of the THz-WGMR is illustrated. The change of the transmissivity caused by the lactose reaches 7.8 d B around 532 GHz for the THz-WGMR, while only 1.4 d B for the straight waveguide, demonstrating the state-ofthe-art sensing performance in fingerprint absorption recovery. We believe the proposed integrated THz-WGMR will promote the THz identification of tiny fingerprint substances.

关键词： resonator waveguide absorption

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Incubation temperature induced developmental plasticity of cold responsive physiological phenotypes in Japanese quails

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Avian Research 2024年第3期15卷 385-394页

作者： Yingxin Kou Rongmiao zhang Xiaoqian Li Na zhu Yihang Huang Shuping zhang College of Life and Environmental Sciences Minzu University of ChinaBeijing100081China

Embryonic development is a critical period for phenotype *** variation during embryonic development can induce changes in postnatal phenotypes of *** thyroxine secretion and aerobic metabolic activity of small birds are important phenotypes closely related to their winter *** the context of climate change,it is necessary to determine whether temperature variation during incubation in birds leads to developmental plasticity of these cold responsive *** incubated Japanese quail(Coturnix japonica)eggs at 36.8℃,37.8℃,and 38.8℃,and raised the chicks to 35-day old at 22℃with same raising conditions,then all the quails were exposed to gradually temperature dropping environment(from 15℃to 0℃).After cold treatment,serum T3 level,resting metabolic rate,skeletal muscle and liver metabolomes of the birds were *** serum T3 levels were significantly lower in the 38.8℃group and significantly higher in the 36.8℃group compared to the 37.8℃*** metabolic rate in the 38.8℃group was significantly lower compared to the 37.8℃*** with the 37.8℃group,metabolites involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle in the liver were significantly lower in the 38.8℃group,and metabolites related to lipid oxidation metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis were significantly lower in the skeletal muscles in the 38.8℃group but significantly higher in the 36.8℃*** results indicate that incubation temperature variation can lead to developmental plasticity in cold responsive physiological *** incubation temperature may impair the capacity of birds coping with cold challenge.

关键词： Cold response Developmental plasticity Incubation temperature Metabolic rate Metabolomes Precocial bird Thyroxin

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Mitochondrial targeting sequence of magnetoreceptor MagR:More than just targeting

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zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 468-477页

作者： Yanqi zhang Peng zhang Junjun Wang Jing zhang Tianyang Tong Xiujuan zhou Yajie zhou Mengke Wei Chuanlin Feng Jinqian Li Xin zhang Can Xie Tiantian Cai High Magnetic Field Laboratory Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiAnhui 230031China University of Science and Technology of China HefeiAnhui 230026China Department of Anatomy School of Basic MedicineAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui 230032China Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui 230039China Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease ControlSchool of Tropical Medicine and The Second Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainan 571199China International Magnetobiology Frontier Research Center Science IslandHefeiAnhui 230031China Institute of quantum Sensing Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310027China

Iron-sulfur clusters(ISC)are essential cofactors for proteins involved in various biological processes,such as electron transport,biosynthetic reactions,DNA repair,and gene expression *** assembly protein IscA1(or MagR)is found within the mitochondria of most ***(MagR)is a highly conserved A-type iron and iron-sulfur cluster-binding protein,characterized by two distinct types of iron-sulfur clusters,[2Fe-2S]and[3Fe-4S],each conferring unique magnetic *** forms a rod-like polymer structure in complex with photoreceptive cryptochrome(Cry)and serves as a putative magnetoreceptor for retrieving geomagnetic information in animal *** the N-terminal sequences of MagR vary among species,their specific function remains *** the present study,we found that the N-terminal sequences of pigeon MagR,previously thought to serve as a mitochondrial targeting signal(MTS),were not cleaved following mitochondrial entry but instead modulated the efficiency with which iron-sulfur clusters and irons are ***,the N-terminal region of MagR was required for the formation of a stable MagR/Cry ***,the N-terminal sequences in pigeon MagR fulfil more important functional roles than just mitochondrial *** results further extend our understanding of the function of MagR and provide new insights into the origin of magnetoreception from an evolutionary perspective.

关键词： Magnetoreceptor(MagR) N-terminal sequence Mitochondrial targeting signal Iron-sulfur cluster

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Carbon coated LaFe_(0.92)Pd_(0.08)O_(3) composites for catalytic transfer hydrogenation:Balance in the ability of substrates adsorption and conversion

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3724-3732页

作者： Bowen Wang Nan zhang Ping Xiao Jian zhang Sónia A.C.Carabineiro Junjiang zhu Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing&Finishing College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringWuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200China College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China LAqV-REqUIMTE Department of ChemistryNOVA School of Science and TechnologyUniversidade NOVA de LisboaLargo da Torre2829-516 CaparicaPortugal

Catalytic transfer hydrogenation(CTH)is a green and efficient pathway for selective hydrogenation of unsaturated aldehydes and ***,managing the abilities of solid catalysts to adsorb substrates and to convert them into desired products is a challenging ***,we report the synthesis of carbon coated LaFe_(0.92)Pd_(0.08)O_(3) composites(LFPO-8@C)for CTH of benzaldehyde(BzH)into benzyl alcohol(BzOH),using isopropanol(IPA)as hydrogen *** coating with carbon improves the ability to adsorb/transfer reactants from solution to active sites,and the doping of Pd2+at Fe3+site strengthens the ability of LaFeO_(3) to convert BzH into BzOH.A balanced point between them(i.e.,abilities to adsorb BzH and to convert BzH into BzOH)is obtained at LFPO-8@C,which exhibits a BzOH formation rate of 3.88 mmol·gcat^(-1)·h^(-1) at 180℃ for 3 h,which is 1.50 and 2.72 times faster than those of LFPO-8 and LaFeO_(3)@C.A reaction mechanism is proposed,in which the acidic sites(e.g.,Fe^(4+),oxygen vacancy)are used for the activation of C=O bond of BzH and O-H bond of IPA,and the basic sites(e.g.,lattice oxygen)for the activation ofα-H(O-H)bond of IPA.

关键词： LaFe_(0.92)Pd_(0.08)O_(3) porous carbon catalytic transfer hydrogenation isopropanol reaction mechanism

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