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Acute and chronic excitotoxicity in ischemic stroke and late-onset Alzheimer's disease

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1981-1988页

作者： Shan Ping Yu Emily Choi Michael qJiang Ling Wei Department of Anesthesiology Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical CenterDecaturGAUSA

Stroke and Alzheimer's disease are common neurological disorders and often occur in the same *** comorbidity of the two neurological disorders represents a grave health threat to older *** review presents a brief background of the development of novel concepts and their clinical *** activity of glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated Ca^(2+)influx is critical for neuronal *** ischemic insult induces prompt and excessive glutamate release and drastic increases of intracellular Ca^(2+)mainly via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors,particularly of those at the extrasynaptic *** Ca^(2+)-evoked neuronal cell death in the ischemic core is dominated by necrosis within a few hours and days known as acute ***,mild but sustained Ca^(2+)increases under neurodegenerative conditions such as in the distant penumbra of the ischemic brain and early stages of Alzheimer's disease are not immediately toxic,but gradually set off deteriorating Ca^(2+)-dependent signals and neuronal cell loss mostly because of activation of programmed cell death *** on the Ca^(2+)hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease and recent advances,this Ca^(2+)-activated“silent”degenerative excitotoxicity evolves from years to decades and is recognized as a unique slow and chronic *** N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit GluN3A,primarily at the extrasynaptic site,serves as a gatekeeper for the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity and is neuroprotective against both acute and chronic *** stroke and Alzheimer's disease,therefore,share an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-and Ca^(2+)-mediated mechanism,although with much different time *** is thus proposed that early interventions to control Ca^(2+)homeostasis at the preclinical stage are pivotal for individuals who are susceptible to sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related

关键词： Ca^(2+)hypothesis cognitive deficits hyperactivity late-onset Alzheimer's disease neurodegeneration N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits pathogenesis preventive treatment

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NOTE ON THE VIRIAL THEOREM

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 1998年第1期14卷 76-77页

作者： q.k.Ghori GIk Institute of Engineering Sciences & Technology TopiNWFPPakistan

Poincaré's formalism is used to develop a variant of the usual virial theorem in which the time average of the equation of motion of a certain function is expressed in terms of the generalized Poisson brackets.

关键词： analytical mechanics virial theorem Poincaré's formalism

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Topological phase transitions and Majorana zero modes induced by the periodic potential in an antiferromagnetic chain

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2023年第8期75卷 156-162页

作者： k W Shen q Chen College of Physics and Mechanical&Electrical Engineering Jishou UniversityJishou 416000China School of Computational Science and Electronics Hunan Institute of EngineeringXiangtan 411104China

We investigate the topological properties of an antiferromagnetic(AFM)chain with an on-site periodic potential,considering the intrinsic spin–orbit coupling and an external Zeeman field along with the *** results indicate that Majorana zero modes(MZMs)can be observed by adjusting the strength of the periodic *** have calculated the energy spectrum,the wave-function and transport properties,and all these results support the existence of MZMs in the AFM ***,multiple topological phase transitions occur as the strength of the periodic potential changes,and several regions support MZMs.

关键词： AFM chain Majorana zero modes topological phase transitions periodic potential

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On the invariance of time-dependent Hamilton's functions

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2005年第5期21卷 511-513页

作者： q. k. Ghori Department of Mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyIslamabad Pakistan

The general framework of Poincarè＇s formalism is used to establish the connection between conservation laws and invariance properties of Hamilton＇s function under infinitesimal transformations when these laws and t... 详细信息

关键词： Conservation law . Poincarè's formalism .Infinitesimal transformation

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JACOBI'S MULTIPLIER FOR POINCAR'S EqUATIONS

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 1994年第1期10卷 70-72页

作者： q.k.Ghori Department of Mathematical Sciences king Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia

In this paper we use Poincaré’s equations in group variables to de- scribe the motion of a holonomic mechanical system and to determine Jacobi's mul- tiplier for the equations of motion.

关键词： Poincaré's theory Jacobi's multiplier holonomic mechanical system

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HYBRID LINEAR AND qUADRATIC FINITE ELEMENT MODELS FOR 3D HELMHOLTZ PROBLEMS

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2013年第6期26卷 603-618页

作者： q.H.Zhang k.Y.Sze Guangdong Province key Laboratory of Computational Science Sun Yat-Sen University Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulam

In this paper, linear and quadratic finite element models are devised for the three- dimensional Helmholtz problem by using a hybrid variational functional. In each element, contin- uous and discontinuous Helmholtz fields are defined with their equality enforced over the element boundary in a weak sense. The continuous field is based on the C° nodal interpolation and the discontinuous field can be condensed before assemblage. Hence, the element can readily be in- corporated seamlessly into the standard finite element program framework. Discontinuous fields constructed by the plane-wave, Bessel and singular spherical-wave solutions are attempted. Nu- merical tests demonstrate that some of the element models are consistently and considerably more accurate than their conventional counterparts.

关键词： finite element hybrid Helmholtz Bessel plane-wave spherical-wave radial basis function

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Impact of climate change on water resources in the Yarmouk River Basin of Jordan

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第12期16卷 1633-1647页

作者： Abdelaziz q BASHABSHEH kamel k ALZBOON Environmental Engineering Department Al-Huson University CollegeAl-Balqa'Applied UniversityIrbid 21510Jordan

Understanding the impact of climate change on water resources is important for developing regional adaptive water management strategies. This study investigated the impact of climate change on water resources in the Yarmouk River Basin(YRB) of Jordan by analyzing the historical trends and future projections of temperature, precipitation, and streamflow. Simple linear regression was used to analyze temperature and precipitation trends from 1989 to 2017 at Irbid, Mafraq, and Samar stations. The Statistical Downscaling Model(SDSM) was applied to predict changes in temperature and precipitation from 2018 to 2100 under three Representative Concentration Pathway(RCP) scenarios(i.e., RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5), and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT) was utilized to estimate their potential impact on streamflow at Addasiyia station. Analysis of data from 1989 to 2017 revealed that mean maximum and minimum temperatures increased at all stations, with average rises of 1.62℃ and 1.39℃, respectively. The precipitation trends varied across all stations, showing a significant increase at Mafraq station, an insignificant increase at Irbid station, and an insignificant decrease at Samar station. Historical analysis of streamflow data revealed a decreasing trend with a slope of –0.168. Significant increases in both mean minimum and mean maximum temperatures across all stations suggested that evaporation is the dominant process within the basin, leading to reduced streamflow. Under the RCP scenarios, projections indicated that mean maximum temperatures will increase by 0.32℃ to 1.52℃, while precipitation will decrease by 8.5% to 43.0% throughout the 21st century. Future streamflow projections indicated reductions in streamflow ranging from 8.7% to 84.8% over the same period. The mathematical model results showed a 39.4% reduction in streamflow by 2050, nearly double the SWAT model's estimate under RCP8.5 scenario. This research provides novel insights into the regional impact

关键词： streamflow climate change Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT) Statistical Downscaling Model(SDSM) Yarmouk River Basin Jordan

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First-principles Investigation of Bi Segregation at the Solder Interface of Cu/Cu_3Sn(010)

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2010年第12期26卷 1057-1062页

作者： X.Y. Pang Z.q. Liu S.q. Wang J.k. Shang Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign IL 61801 USA

Density functional theory was employed to investigate the bismuth segregation at Cu/Cu3Sn（010） interface. Five initial constructions were introduced by adopting the adhesion energy criterion. Among them, the so-called ＂between-Cu＂ construction in which the interface Cu atoms of Cu slab locate along Cu-Cu bond direction in Cu3Sn slab was found to be the most energy-favored at an adhesion energy of 1.96 J/m^2. Based on this construction, five possible segregation sites were examined, and the most likely segregation site was determined with adhesion energy as low as 1.06 J/m^2, which was almost half of the initial one. Comparing with other sitest adhesion energies, it was concluded that size effect took a large part in embrittlement. The analyses of atomic structure and electronic density revealed that the slabs shifted away from interfaces due to bismuth segregation, and the atoms around Bi atom were Dressed away. This calculated work agreed aualitativelv with reported experimental results.

关键词： First-principles calculation Segregation Bismuth Interface SnBi solder

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Dynamic tensile characterization of pig skin

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2014年第2期30卷 125-132页

作者： H.khatam q.Liu k.Ravi-Chandar Center for Mechanics of Solids Structures and MaterialsThe University of Texas at Austin

The strain-rate dependent response of porcine skin oriented in the fiber direction is explored under tensile loading. quasi-static response was obtained at strain rates in the range of 10-3s-1to 25 s-1. Characterization of the response at even greater strain rates is accomplished by measuring the spatio-temporal evolution of the particle velocity and strain in a thin strip subjected to high speed impact loading that generates uniaxial stress conditions. These experiments indicate the formation of shock waves; the shock Hugoniot that relates particle velocity to the shock velocity and the dynamic stress to dynamic strain is obtained directly through experimental measurements, without any assumptions regarding the constitutive properties of the material.

关键词： Nonlinear waves Impact tests Digital image correlation Shocks Hugoniot

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A brief review：experimental investigation of zonal flows and geodesic acoustic modes in fusion plasmas

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Plasma Science and Technology 2018年第9期20卷 72-84页

作者： k J ZHAO J q DONG J q LI L W YAN Southwestern Institution of Physics Chengdu 610041People＇s Republic of China

Zonal flows self-generated by turbulence play an important role in regulating turbulence,reducing transport level,and thus improve plasma confinement in fusion *** zonal flows and geodesic acoustic modes have been identified in various *** related issues,such as the poloidal and toroidal symmetries,coupling to turbulence,effects on turbulence and transport,nonlinear energy transfer between turbulence and zonal flows,dependence of the plasma parameters,roles in the confinement regime transitions etc are overviewed briefly in this *** interaction between zonal flows and magnetic islands is emphasized.

关键词： zona flow tokamak turbulence fusion plasma

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