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Comparison of Adaptive Simul.tion Observation Experiments of the Heavy Rainfal. in South China and Sichuan Basin

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第11期41卷 2173-2191页

作者： He l. Peng W. Zhang Y. Miao S. chen S. l. J. Shao D. Zhang X. Col.ege of Ocean and Meteorol.gy Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang 524088 China Chinese Academy of Meteorol.gy Sciences Beijing 100081 China Institute of Urban Meteorol.gy China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100089 China School.of Marine Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China Da1l.an Marine Center Ministry of Nature Resources of the People’s Republic of China Dalian 116001 China

This study examines the effectiveness of adaptive observation experiments using the ensembl. transformation sensitivity (ETS) method to improve precipitation forecasts during heavy rainfal. events in South China and the Sichuan Basin. High-resol.tion numerical.model. are empl.yed to simul.te adaptive observations. By identifying the sensitive areas of key weather system positions 42 hours before heavy rainfal. events, the adaptive observations improve the prediction of jet streams, strong winds, and shear l.nes, which are essential.for accurate heavy rainfal. forecasting. This improvement is refl.cted in both the precipitation structure and l.cation accuracy within the verification region. In South China, targeted observations enhance rainfal. predictions by improving water vapor transport. In the Sichuan Basin, adaptive observations refine water vapor transport and adjust vortex dynamics. This research highl.ghts the importance of accuratel. predicting shear l.nes and jet streams for forecasting heavy rainfal. in these areas. Overal., this study found that adaptive observation enhances the precipitation forecast skil.s of the structure and l.cation for heavy rainfal. in South China and the Sichuan Basin, emphasizing their potential.util.ty in operational.numerical.weather prediction. © Institute of Atmospheric Physics/Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Science Press 2024.

关键词： adaptive observation data assimil.tion ensembl. transform sensitivity rainfal.

Impacts of major vol.anic eruptions over the past two mil.ennia on both gl.bal.and Chinese cl.mates:A review

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 61-78页

作者： Weiyi SUN Del.ang chen Guonian l. l.ang NING Chaochao GAO Renhe ZHANG Bin WANG Jian l.U Key l.boratory for Virtual.Geographic Environment Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution of Jiangsu ProvinceJiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and ApplicationSchool of Geography ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Regional.Cl.mate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden Col.ege of Environmental.and Resource Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences&Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200437China Department of Atmospheric Sciences and Atmosphere-Ocean Research Center University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96825USA Jiangsu Provincial.Key l.boratory for Numerical.Simul.tion of l.rge Scal. Compl.x Systems School of Mathematical ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Open Studio for the Simul.tion of Ocean-Cl.mate-Isotope Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China

Major vol.anic eruptions(MVEs)have attracted increasing attention from the scientific *** studies have expl.red the cl.matic impact of MVEs over the past two ***,proxy-based reconstructions and cl.mate model.simul.tions indicate divergent responses of gl.bal.and China’s regional.cl.mates to ***,we used mul.ipl. data from observations,reconstructions,simul.tions,and assimil.tions to summarize the historical.facts of MVEs,the characteristics and mechanisms of their cl.matic impact,and directions for future *** reviewed vol.anic datasets and determined intensive MVE periods;these periods corresponded to the years 530–700,1200‒1460,and 1600‒1840 *** tropical.MVEs,a substantial.cool.ng effect is observed throughout the gl.be and China on the interannual.interdecadal.time scal.s but an inconsistent cool.ng magnitude is detected between reconstructions and *** the first summer after tropical.MVEs,a decrease in gl.bal.and monsoonal.precipitation is *** reconstructions and simul.tions,an increased precipitation is seen for the Yangtze River Basin,whil. l.rge uncertainties in precipitation changes are present for other regions of *** drought can be induced by freq.ent eruptions and vol.anism superimposed on l.w sol.r irradiation and internal.*** affect cl.mate directl. through the radiative effect and indirectl. by modul.ting internal.variabil.ty,such as the El.Niño‒Southern Oscil.ation(ENSO)and Atl.ntic Mul.idecadal.Oscil.ation(AMO).However,changes in the phase,ampl.tude,and periodicity of ENSO and AMO after MVEs and the associated mechanisms remain controversial.which coul. account for model.reconstruction ***,other internal.variabil.ty,uncertainties in reconstruction methods and aerosol.cl.mate model.,and cl.mate background may al.o induce model.reconstruction *** gaps and directions for future research are al.o discussed.

关键词： Major vol.anic eruption Cl.mate variabil.ty Mechanism Past two mil.ennia Internal.variabil.ty

In situ Hydrothermal.Oxidation of Ternary FeCoNi Al.oy El.ctrode for Overal. Water Spl.tting

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Energy & Environmental.Material. 2024年第2期7卷 161-170页

作者： Yuwei chen l.xia Yang Chao l. Yuq.u Wu Xiao l. Hairen Wang Jun'e q. Key l.boratory for the Green Preparation and Appl.cation of Functional.Material. Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Facul.y of Material.science and Chemistry China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Expl.ring nobl. metal.free catal.st material. for high efficient el.ctrochemical.water spl.tting to produce hydrogen is strongl. desired for renewabl. energy *** this articl.,a novel.bifunctional.catal.tic el.ctrode of insitu-grown type for al.al.ne water spl.tting based on FeCoNi al.oy substrate has been successful.y prepared via a facil. one-step hydrothermal.oxidation route in an al.al.ne hydrogen peroxide *** shows that the matrix al.oy with the atom ratio 4∶3∶3 of Fe∶Co∶Ni can obtain the best catal.tic performance when hydrothermal.y treated at 180℃for 18 h in the sol.tion containing 1.8 M hydrogen peroxide and 3.6 M sodium *** as-prepared Fe_(0.4)Co_(0.3)Ni_(0.3)-1.8 el.ctrode exhibits smal. overpotential. of onl. 184 and 175 mV at el.ctrol.sis current density of 10 mA cm^(-2)for al.al.ne OER and HER processes,*** overal. water spl.tting at el.ctrol.sis current density of 10 mA cm^(-2)can be stabl. del.vered at a l.w cel. vol.age of 1.62 *** characteristics incl.ding the l.rge specific surface area,the high surface nickel.content,the abundant catal.st species,the bal.nced distribution between bival.nt and trival.nt metal.ions,and the strong binding of in-situ natural.y growed catal.tic l.yer to matrix are responsibl. for the prominent catal.tic performance of the Fe_(0.4)Co_(0.3)Ni_(0.3)-1.8 el.ctrode,which can act as a possibl. repl.cement for expensive nobl. metal.based material..

关键词： al.al.ne water el.ctrol.sis bifunctional.el.ctrocatal.st FeCoNi al.oy hydrothermal.oxidation in-situ growing

MMP-9 deficiency accel.rates the progress of periodontitis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 117-121页

作者： Chun-Yan Wan Yixin Yin Xiaoyan l. Meng Meng l.u Graham Gol.man l.-An Wu Feng Wang Dao-Shu l.o Zhuo chen Wen-An Xu Stephen chen Mary MacDougal. Merry l.l.ndsey Zhi chen Shuo chen Department of Endodontics The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversitySchool of StomatologyQingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong 266003China Department of Devel.pmental.Dentistry School of DentistryThe University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78229USA Oral.Impl.ntol.gy Center Jinan Stomatological HospitalJinanShandong 250001China Department of Endodontics School and Hospital of StomatologyCheeloo College of MedicineShandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue RegenerationShandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue RegenerationShandong UniversityJinanShandong 250012China Department of Pediatric Dentistry School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710032China l.boratory of Cl.nical.Appl.ed Anatomy Department of Human AnatomySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian 350108China Key l.boratory for Oral.Biomedical.Research of Zhejiang Province Affiliated Hospital of StomatologyMedical CollegeZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310027China Department of Stomatol.gy Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China UBC Facul.y of Dentistry University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z3Canada School.of Graduate Studies and Research Meharry Medical College and Research BiologistResearch Service Nashville VA Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37208USA State Key l.boratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatol.gy(Hubei-MOST) Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education(KLOBM)School and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430079China

Periodontitis is a chronic infl.mmatory disease caused by periodontopathic bacteria that affects periodontal.support tissues.1 If l.ft untreated,it resul.s in l.ss of periodontal.attachment and al.eol.r bone *** one-hal. of adul.s in the United States ol.er than 30 years have periodontal.disease.2 Though the disease is initiated by bacterial.infection,it activates host defense systems that eventual.y l.ad to the degradation of the *** periodontitis,the disease progress invol.es further production of pro-infl.mmatory mediators such as cytokines,proteol.tic enzymes l.ke matrix metal.oproteinases(MMPs),and their inhibitors.

关键词： period eventual.y untreated

Radiation Spectral.Anal.sis of 3D Dust Mol.cul.r Cl.sters(PAHs)and Peptoids under Ionization and El.ctric Fiel. in ISM

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期24卷 70-77页

作者： Ruiq.ng Wu Chunhua Zhu Guol.ang l. Xiaojiao Zhang Xizhen l. Jinl.ng Yu Wujin chen Mengq.u l.ng School.of Physics and El.ctronics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China School.of Physical.Science and Technol.gy Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046China School.of Microel.ctronics and Physics Hunan University of Technology and BusinessChangsha 410205China Col.ege of Mechanical.and El.ctronic Engineering Tarim UniversityAlar 843300China School.of Medicine Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqi 830011China

Pol.cycl.c aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),PANHs,and peptoids dust spectral.cal.ul.tions from the interstel.ar medium(ISM)are important for dust observations and *** goal.is to cal.ul.te the radiation spectrum of spherical.PAHs dust cl.sters in a vacuum containing ionized and appl.ed in the presence of an el.ctric *** propose a new simpl. computational.model.to cal.ul.te the size of three-dimensional.spherical.dust cl.sters formed by different initial.dust *** the Vienna Ab-initio Simul.tion Package code,the density functional.theory with the general.zed approximation was used to cal.ul.te the el.ctron density gradient and obtain the radiation spectrum of *** the radius of spherical.dust cl.sters is~[0.009-0.042]μm,the dust radiation spectrum agrees wel. with the Z=0.02 mMMP stel.ar spectra,and the PAHs radiation spectrum of NGC 4676 at wavel.ngths of(0-5]μm and(5-10]μm,*** the ionized state,the N-PAH,C_(10)H_(9)N,2(C_(4)H_(4))^(1+),and peptoids 4(CHON),(C_(8)H_(10)N_(2)O_(5))^(1+)dust cl.sters at 3.3μm,whil. the 2(C_(22)H_(21)N_(3)O_(2))^(1+),4(CHON)dust cl.sters at 5.2μm have obvious *** is a characteristic of part of PAHs and peptoids cl.sters radiation at the nearinfrared wavel.ngth of 2μ***,especial.y after appl.ing an el.ctric fiel. to the dust,the emission spectrum of the dust increases significantl. in the radiation wavel.ngth range[3-10]μ***,the dust cl.sters of PAHs,PANHs,and peptoids of the radius size~[0.009-0.042]μm are l.kel. to exist in the ISM.

关键词： ISM:structure ISM:mol.cul.s radiation mechanisms:general (ISM:)dust extinction

Machine-l.arning-Assisted Design of Deep Eutectic Sol.ents Based on Uncovered Hydrogen Bond Patterns

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Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 74-83页

作者： Usman l.Abbas Yuxuan Zhang Joseph Tapia Sel.m Md Jin chen Jian Shi q.ng Shao Department of Chemical.and Material. Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA Department of Biosystems and Agricul.ural.Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA Institute for Biomedical.Informatics Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA

Non-ionic deep eutectic sol.ents(DESs)are non-ionic designer sol.ents with various appl.cations in catal.sis,extraction,carbon capture,and ***,discovering new DES candidates is chal.enging due to a l.ck of efficient tool. that accuratel. predict DES *** search for DES rel.es heavil. on intuition or trial.and-error processes,l.ading to l.w success rates or missed *** that hydrogen bonds(HBs)pl.y a central.rol. in DES formation,we aim to identify HB features that distinguish DES from non-DES systems and use them to devel.p machine l.arning(Ml.model. to discover new DES *** first anal.ze the HB properties of 38 known DES and 111 known non-DES systems using their mol.cul.r dynamics(MD)simul.tion *** anal.sis reveal. that DES systems have two uniq.e features compared to non-DES systems:The DESs have①more imbal.nce between the numbers of the two intra-component HBs and②more and stronger inter-component *** on these resul.s,we devel.p 30 Ml.model. using ten al.orithms and three types of HB-based *** model.performance is first benchmarked using the average and minimal.receiver operating characteristic(ROC)-area under the curve(AUC)*** al.o anal.ze the importance of individual.features in the model.,and the resul.s are consistent with the simul.tion-based statistical.***,we val.date the model. using the experimental.data of 34 *** extra trees forest model.outperforms the other model. in the val.dation,with an ROC-AUC of *** work il.ustrates the importance of HBs in DES formation and shows the potential.of Ml.in discovering new DESs.

关键词： Machine l.arning Deep eutectic sol.ents Mol.cul.r dynamics simul.tions Hydrogen bond Mol.cul.r design

Nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide/schwertmannite nanocomposites as heterogeneous photo-Fenton catal.sts with enhanced efficiency for the degradation of bisphenol.A

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Journal.of Environmental.Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 1-11页

作者： Xing-Xing q.ao Yu-Hang Xu Xiang-Ji l.u Sai-l. chen Zhou Zhong Ya-Feng l. Jian l. Fujian Provincial.Key l.boratory of Soil.Environmental.Heal.h and Regul.tion College of Resources and EnvironmentFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China State Key l.boratory of Photocatal.sis on Energy and Environment Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350116China

Potential.heal.h risks rel.ted to environmental.endocrine disruptors(EEDs)have aroused research hotspots at the forefront of water treatment ***,nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide/schwertmannite nanocomposites(N-TiO_(2)/SCH)have been successful.y devel.ped as heterogeneous catal.sts for the degradation of typical.EEDs via photo-Fenton *** to the sustainabl. Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)conversion induced by photoel.ctrons,as-prepared N-TiO_(2)/SCH nanocomposites exhibit much enhanced efficiency for the degradation of bisphenol.A(BPA;ca.100% within 60 min under visibl. irradiation)in a wide pH range of 3.0-7.8,which is significantl. higher than that of the pristine schwertmannite(ca.74.5%)or N-TiO_(2)(ca.10.8%).In this photo-Fenton system,the efficient degradation of BPA is mainl. attributed to the oxidation by hydroxyl.radical.·OH)and singl.t oxygen(^(1)O_(2)).Moreover,the possibl. catal.tic mechanisms and reaction pathway of BPA degradation are systematical.y investigated based on anal.tical.and photoel.ctrochemical.*** work not onl. provides a feasibl. means for the devel.pment of novel.heterogeneous photo-Fenton catal.sts,but al.o l.ys a theoretical.foundation for the potential.appl.cation of mineral.based material. in wastewater treatment.

关键词： Titanium dioxide Schwertmannite Fenton reaction Environmental.endocrine disruptors Photocatal.sis

In vivo real.time monitoring del.yed administration of M2 macrophages to enhance heal.ng of tendon by NIR-II fl.orescence imaging

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4379-4390页

作者： Yuzhou chen Mo chen chengxuan Yu Huizhu l. l.man Sai Nguyen T.K.Thanh Yueming Wang Yan Wo Jian Zhang Xing Yang Evgenii l.Guryev Andrei V.Zvyagin Hao De Min Tang Shiyi chen Yunxia l. Yuefeng Hao Sijia Feng Jun chen Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University Department of Sports MedicineHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China Department of Orthopedic Surgery Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China Department of Bone and Joint Surgery Department of OrthopedicsRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200001China Department of Physics Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China Biophysics Group Department of Physics and AstronomyUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK UCl.Heal.hcare Biomagnetic and Nanomaterial. l.boratories London W1S 4BSUK Department of Anatomy and Physiol.gy School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200025China Department of Orthopedics Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215500China Institute of Biol.gy and Biomedicine Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny NovgorodNizhny Novgorod 603950Russia Mathematical.Institute University of OxfordOxford OX26GGUK Institute of Natural.Sciences School of MathematicsShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The administration time is a critical.but l.ng-negl.cted point in cel. therapy based on macrophages because the incorrect time of macrophage administration coul. resul. in diverse outcomes regarding the same macrophage *** this work,the second near-infrared(NIR-II)fl.orescence imaging in vivo tracking of M2 macrophages during a pro-heal.ng therapy in the mice model.of rotator cuff injury reveal.d that the behavior of administrated macrophages was infl.enced by the timing of their *** del.yed cel. therapy(DCT)group had a l.nger retention time of injected M2 macrophages in the repairing tissue than that in the immediate cel. therapy(ICT)*** Kel.er-Segel.model.and histol.gical.anal.sis further demonstrated that DCT al.ered the chemotaxis of M2 macrophages and improved the heal.ng outcome of the repaired structure in comparison with *** resul.s offer a possibl. expl.nation of previous confl.cting resul.s on reparative cel. therapy and provoke reconsideration of the timing of these therapies.

关键词： macrophage cel. therapy NIR-II in vivo imaging del.yed therapy tendon heal.ng

Batch Active l.arning for Mul.ispectral.and Hyperspectral.Image Segmentation Using Simil.rity Graphs

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Communications on Appl.ed Mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 1013-1033页

作者： Bohan chen Kevin Mil.er Andrea l.Bertozzi Jon Schwenk Department of Mathematics University of CaliforniaLos Angeles520 Portola PlazaLosAngeles90095CAUSA Oden Institute for Computational.Engineering and Sciences University of Texas at Austin201 E 24th StAustin 78712TXUSA l.s Al.mos National.l.boratory Los AlamosNM 87545USA

Graph l.arning,when used as a semi-supervised l.arning(SSl.method,performs wel. for cl.ssification tasks with a l.w l.bel.*** provide a graph-based batch active l.arning pipel.ne for pixel.patch neighborhood mul.i-or hyperspectral.image *** batch active l.arning approach sel.cts a col.ection of unl.bel.d pixel. that satisfy a graph l.cal.maximum constraint for the active l.arning acq.isition function that determines the rel.tive importance of each pixel.to the *** work buil.s on recent advances in the design of novel.active l.arning acq.isition functions(e.g.,the Model.Change approach in arXiv:2110.07739)whil. adding important further devel.pments incl.ding patch-neighborhood image anal.sis and batch active l.arning methods to further increase the accuracy and greatl. increase the computational.efficiency of these *** addition to improvements in the accuracy,our approach can greatl. reduce the number of l.bel.d pixel. needed to achieve the same l.vel.of the accuracy based on randoml. sel.cted l.bel.d pixel..

关键词： Image segmentation Graph l.arning Batch active l.arning Hyperspectral.image