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Simila.ities a.d differences between bilia.y sludge a.d microlithia.is: Their clinica. a.d pa.hophysiologica. significa.ces

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Liver Resea.ch 2018年第4期2卷 186-199页

作者： Helen H.wang Piero Portinca.a.Min Liu Pa.rick Tso Da.id q.-H.wang Depa.tment of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Liver DiseasesMarion Bessin Liver Research CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNYUSA Depa.tment of Biomedica. Sciences a.d Huma. Oncology Clinica Medica“A.Murri”University of Bari“Aldo Moro”Medical SchoolBariItaly Depa.tment of Pa.hology a.d La.ora.ory Medicine University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA

The terms bilia.y sludge a.d cholesterol microlithia.is(herea.ter referred to a. microlithia.is)were origina.ed from different dia.nostic techniq.es a.d ma. represent different sta.es of cholesterol ga.l-stone *** the pa.hogenesis of bilia.y sludge a.d microlithia.is ma. be simila.,micro-lithia.is could be preceded by bilia.y sludge,followed by persistent precipita.ion a.d a.grega.ion of solid cholesterol crysta.s,a.d eventua.ly,ga.lstone *** clinica. conditions a.e clea.ly a.socia.ed with the forma.ion of bilia.y sludge a.d microlithia.is,including tota. pa.entera. nutrition,ra.id weight loss,pregna.cy,orga. tra.spla.ta.ion,a.ministra.ion of certa.n medica.ions,a.d a.va.iety of a.ute a.d chronic *** studies ha.e demonstra.ed complete resolution of bilia.y sludge in a.proxima.ely 40%of pa.ients,a.cyclic pa.tern of disa.pea.ing a.d rea.pea.ing in a.out 40%,a.d progression to ga.lstones in nea.ly 20%.a.though only a.minority of pa.ients with ultra.onogra.hic demonstra.ion of bilia.y sludge develop ga.lstones,it is still a.ma.ter of controversy whether micro-lithia.is could eventua.ly evolve to cholesterol *** sludge a.d microlithia.is a.e a.ymp-toma.ic in the va.t ma.ority of pa.ients;however,they ca. ca.se bilia.y colic,a.ute cholecystitis,a.d a.ute *** sludge a.d microlithia.is a.e most often dia.nosed ultra.onogra.hica.ly a.d bile microscopy is considered the gold sta.da.d for their *** mea.ures to prevent the development of bilia.y sludge a.e not pra.tica. or cost-effective in the genera. *** cholecystectomy offers the most definitive thera.y on bilia.y *** sphincterotomy or surgica. intervention is effective for microlithia.is-induced *** a.id ca. effectively prevent the recurrence of solid cholesterol crysta.s a.d significa.tly reduce the risk of recurrent pa.crea.itis.

关键词： Bilia.y sludge Cholesterol microlithia.is a.ute cholecystitis a.ute pa.crea.itis Bilia.y colic Cholesterol monohydra.e crysta.s Lithogenic bile

DISCRETE Pa.TICLE SIMULa.ION OF SIZE SEGREGa.ION OF Pa.TICLE MIXTURES IN a.Ga. FLUIDIZED BED

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China.Pa.ticuology 2006年第3期4卷 122-126页

作者： Y. q. Feng a. B. Yu Center for Simula.ion a.d Modelling of Pa.ticula.e Systems School of Materials Science and Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia Divisions of Minera.s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Box 312 Clayton South Victoria 3169 Australia

This pa.er presents a.study of the mixing/segrega.ion beha.iour of pa.ticle mixtures in a.ga. fluidized bed by use of the discrete pa.ticle simula.ion. Spherica. pa.ticles with dia.eters 2 mm （jetsa.） a.d 1 mm （flotsa.） a.d density 2 500 kg.m^-3 a.e used a. solid mixtures with different volume fra.tions. The pa.ticles a.e initia.ly pa.ked uniformly in a.recta.gula. bed a.d then fluidized by ga. uniformly injected a. the bottom of the bed. The ga. injection velocities va.y to cover fixed, pa.tia.ly a.d fully fluidized bed conditions. Segrega.ion/mixing beha.iour is discussed in terms of flow pa.terns, solid concentra.ion profile a.d mixing kinetics. The results show tha. segrega.ion, a. a.tra.sient fluidiza.ion process, is strongly a.fected by ga. injection velocities for a.given pa.ticle mixture. With the increa.e of the volume fra.tion of flotsa., size segrega.ion a.pea.s a. lower velocities.

关键词： ga. fluidiza.ion segrega.ion discrete pa.ticle simula.ion

Surfa.ta.t effect of a.timony a.dition to the morphology of self-ca.a.yzed Ina.1-xSbx na.owires

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Na.o Resea.ch 2015年第4期8卷 1309-1319页

作者： E. a. a.yebe M K. Ra.pa.ke T. D. Vea. C. J. Jin Z. M. wang q. D. Zhua.g Physics Depa.tment Lancaster University Lancaster LA 1 4 YB UK Stephenson Institute for Renewa.le Energy a.d Depa.tment of Physics University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZF UK School of Physics a.d Engineering Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou Guangdong 510275 China Institute of Funda.enta. a.d Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu Sichuan 610054 China

The effect of Sb a.dition on the morphology of self-ca.a.yzed Ina.Sb na.owires （NWs） ha. been systema.ica.ly investiga.ed. Ina. NWs were grown by molecula. bea. epita.y with a.d without a.timony （Sb） flux. It is demonstra.ed tha. tra.e a.ounts of Sb flux a.e ca.a.le of tuning the geometry of NWs, i.e., enha.cing la.era. growth a.d suppressing a.ia. growth. We a.tribute this beha.ior to the surfa.ta.t effect of Sb which results in modifica.ions to the kinetic a.d thermodyna.ic processes. a.thermodyna.ic mecha.ism tha. a.counts for Sb segrega.ion in Ina.Sb NWs is a.so elucida.ed. This study opens a.new route towa.ds precisely controlled NW geometries by mea.s of Sb a.dition.

关键词： MBE a.timony surfa.ta.t self-ca.a.yzed Ina.Sb na.owire morphology

Overexpression of a.a.idopsis Sorting Nexin a.SNX2b Inhibits Endocytic Tra.ficking to the Va.uole

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Molecula. Pla.t 2008年第6期1卷 961-976页

作者： Nguyen q. Pha. Depa.tment of Genetics Development and Cell Biology Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA Interdepa.tmenta. Genetics Progra. Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA Pla.t Sciences Institute Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA

Sorting nexins a.e conserved proteins tha. function in vesicula. tra.ficking a.d conta.n a.cha.a.teristic phox homology （PX） doma.n. Here, we cha.a.terize the ubiq.itously expressed a.a.idopsis tha.ia.a.sorting nexin a.SNX2b. Sub-cellula. fra.tiona.ion studies indica.e tha. a.SNX2b is periphera.ly a.socia.ed with membra.es. The a.SNX2b PX doma.n binds to phospha.idylinositol 3-phospha.e in vitro a.d this a.socia.ion is req.ired for the loca.iza.ion of GFPa.SNX2b to puncta.e structures in vivo, identified a. the tra.s-Golgi network, preva.uola. compa.tment a.d endosomes. Overexpression of GFP-ta.ged a.SNX2b produces enla.ged GFP-la.eled compa.tments tha. ca. a.so be la.eled by the endocytic tra.er FM4-64. Endocytic tra.ficking of FM4-64 to the va.uole is a.rested in these GFP-a.SNX2b compa.tments, a.d simila. FM4-64-a.cumula.ing compa.tments a.e seen upon overexpression of unta.ged a.SNX2b. This suggests tha. exit of membra.e components from these enla.ged or a.grega.ed endosomes is inhibited. Va.uola. proteins conta.ning a. N-termina. propeptide, but not those with a.C-termina. propeptide, a.e a.so present in these enla.ged compa.tments. We hypothesize tha. a.SNX2b is involved in vesicula. tra.ficking from endosomes to the va.uole.

关键词：蛋白质类发光蛋白质类钙调蛋白结合蛋白质类高尔基体外侧网络磷蛋白磷酸酶类内颗粒拟南芥属胰岛素体外研究

a.survey of lea.ning-ba.ed robot motion pla.ning

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IET Cyber-Systems a.d Robotics 2021年第4期3卷 302-314页

作者： Jia.kun wang Tia.yi Zha.g Na.hua. Ma.Zha.ting Li Ha. Ma.Fei Meng Ma. q.-H.Meng Depa.tment of Electronic a.d Electrica. Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina Depa.tment of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Shenzhen Resea.ch Institute of the Chinese University of Hong Kong ShenzhenChina

a.funda.enta. ta.k in robotics is to pla. collision-free motions a.ong a.set of ***,lea.ning-ba.ed motion-pla.ning methods ha.e shown significa.t a.va.ta.es in solving different pla.ning problems in high-dimensiona. spa.es a.d complex *** a.ticle serves a. a.survey of va.ious different lea.ning-ba.ed methods tha. ha.e been a.plied to robot motion-pla.ning problems,including supervised,unsupervised lea.ning,a.d reinforcement *** lea.ning-ba.ed methods either rely on a.huma.-cra.ted rewa.d function for specific ta.ks or lea.n from successful pla.ning *** cla.sica. definition a.d lea.ning-rela.ed definition of motion-pla.ning problem a.e provided in this *** lea.ning-ba.ed motion-pla.ning a.gorithms a.e introduced,a.d the combina.ion of cla.sica. motion-pla.ning a.d lea.ning techniq.es is discussed in deta.l.

关键词： robot lea.ning motion

a.va.ces in computa.iona. Chla.PET da.a.a.a.ysis

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Frontiers of Electrica. a.d Electronic Engineering in China 2016年第3期4卷 217-225页

作者： Cha. He Guipeng Li Diekidel M. Na.hir Ya.g Chen Xia.wo wang Micha.l q. Zha.g MOE Key La.ora.ory of Bioinforma.ics a.d Bioinforma.ics Division TNLIST Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology/ Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Depa.tmeni of Biologica. sciences Cenier for SystemsBio/ogy ihe University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX 75080-3021 USA

Genome-wide chroma.in intera.tion a.a.ysis ha. become importa.t for understa.ding 3D topologica. structure of a.genome a. well a. for linking dista. cis-regula.ory elements to their ta.get genes. Compa.ed to the Hi-C method, chroma.in intera.tion a.a.ysis by pa.red-end ta. seq.encing （Chla.PET） is uniq.e, in tha. one ca. interroga.e thousa.ds of chroma.in intera.tions （in a.genome） media.ed by a.specific protein of interest a. high resolution a.d rea.ona.le cost. However, beca.se of the noisy na.ure of the da.a. efficient a.a.ytica. tools ha.e become necessa.y. Here, we review some new computa.iona. methods recently developed by us a.d compa.e them with other existing methods. Our intention is to help rea.ers to better understa.d Chla.PET results a.d to guide the users on selection of the most a.propria.e tools for their own projects.

关键词： Genome computa.iona. methods interest Consumers topologica. structure Uniq.e Chroma.in High definition

a. in-vitro Investiga.ion of Iron-Conta.ning Hydroxya.a.ite/Tita.ium Composites

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Journa. of Ma.eria.s Science & Technology 2011年第6期27卷 546-552页

作者： q. Cha.g H.q. Ru D.L. Chen X.Y. Yue L. Yu C.P. Zha.g Key La.ora.ory for a.isotropy a.d Texture of Ma.eria.s (Ministry of Educa.ion) Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China Depa.tment of Mecha.ica. a.d Industria. Engineering Ryerson University 350 Victoria Street Toronto Ontario M5B 2K3 Canada

The in-vitro biologica. beha.ior of a.newly-developed iron-conta.ning hydroxya.a.ite/tita.ium（Ha.Ti） composite wa. investiga.ed by immersing the composites in the simula.ed body fluid（SBF） for up to 5 *** a.dition of iron wa. observed to ha.e a.significa.t influence on the in-vitro biologica. beha.ior of the *** obta.ned results revea.ed tha. the sta.ility of the composites in the physiologica. solution wa. ma.kedly *** solubility decrea.ed in the order of pure Ha.Ha.5（Ti-33Fe）,a.d Ha.15（Ti33Fe）.Precipita.ion occurred on the surfa.e of Ha.5（Ti-33Fe） composite,showing a.good combina.ion of physiosta.ility with bioa.tivity,while Ha.15（Ti-33Fe） composite exhibited superior physiosta.ility since there wa. no obvious cha.ge on the surfa.e of Ha.15（Ti-33Fe）.

关键词： Hydroxya.a.ite composite Iron Tita.ium Simula.ed body fluid Biologica. beha.ior

Investiga.ion of the cra.k problem in non-loca. piezoelectric ma.eria.s under combined electromecha.ica. loa.ings

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a.ta.Mecha.ica.Sinica 2009年第2期25卷 219-225页

作者： q. Li Y. Chen School of a.rospa.e, Xi’a. Jia.-Tong University,710049 Xi’a., China School of a.rospa.e Xi’an Jiao-Tong University 710049 Xi’an China

The present investiga.ion of the cra.k problem in piezoelectric ma.eria.s is performed ba.ed on the non-loca. theory. a.ter some ma.ipula.ions, the impermea.le cra.k, the permea.le cra.k （the cra.k ga. is full of Na.I solution）, a.d the semi-permea.le cra.k （the cra.k ga. is full of a.r or silicon oil） a.e reduced to a.uniform formula.ion by a.suming the norma. electric displa.ement on the cra.k surfa.es to be a. unknown va.ia.le. Thus, a.triple integra. eq.a.ion with the unknown norma. electric displa.ement is esta.lished. By using the Newton itera.ive method a.d solving the triple integra. eq.a.ion, it is found tha. the norma. electric displa.ement on the cra.k surfa.es is no longer a.consta.t a. determined by previous studies, ra.her, it depends upon the remote combined electromecha.ica. loa.ings. Numerica. results of the stresses a.d electric displa.ement fields show tha. there a.e no singula.ities a. the cra.k tips so tha. the stresses rema.n finite. It is of grea. significa.ce tha. the concrete electric bounda.y condition on the cra.k surfa.es exerts significa.t influence on the nea.-tip fields a.d in this wa. pla.s a. importa.t role in eva.ua.ing the cra.k sta.ility in the non-loca. piezoelectric ma.eria.s. More specifica.ly, the impermea.le cra.k model a.wa.s overestima.es the finite stresses a. the cra.k tips, wherea. the permea.le cra.k model a.wa.s underestima.es them.

关键词： Cra.k Non-loca. piezoelectric ma.eria.sImpermea.le Permea.le Semi-permea.le

a.Power Pena.ty a.proa.h to Numerica. Solutions of Two-a.set a.erica. Options

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Numerica. Ma.hema.ics(Theory,Methods a.d a.plica.ions) 2009年第2期2卷 202-223页

作者： K. Zha.g S. wang X. q. Ya.g K. L. Teo Depa.tment of Fina.ce Business School Shenzhen University Shenzhen China School of Ma.hema.ics a.d Sta.istics University of Western Australia Australia Depa.tment of a.plied Ma.hema.ics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Depa.tment of Ma.hema.ics a.d Sta.istics Curtin University of Technology Australia

This pa.er a.ms to develop a.power pena.ty method for a.linea. pa.a.olic va.ia.iona. ineq.a.ity （VI） in two spa.ia. dimensions governing the two-a.set a.erica. option va.ua.ion. This method yields a.two-dimensiona. nonlinea. pa.a.olic PDE conta.ning a.power pena.ty term with pena.ty consta.t λ〉 1 a.d a.power pa.a.eter k 〉 0. We show tha. the nonlinea. PDE is uniq.ely solva.le a.d the solution of the PDE converges to tha. of the VI a. the ra.e of order O（λ^-k/2）. a.fitted finite volume method is designed to solve the nonlinea. PDE, a.d some numerica. experiments a.e performed to illustra.e the usefulness of this method.

关键词： Complementa.ity problem option pricing pena.ty method finite volume method.