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Temporal and spatial compliance behaviour of pedestrians under the influence of time pressure at signalized intersections:A pedestrian simulator study

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第1期11卷 55-68页

作者： Apurwa Dhoke pushpa Choudhary Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeRoorkee 247667India

Pedestrian safety is at high stakes due to the non-compliance practices of pedestrians at signalized ***,when pedestrians are hurrying,they deliberately engage in such unsafe ***,the purpose of this study was to understand how time pressure(i.e.,feeling of hurry or saving time)affected pedestrians'decisions to follow traffic rules at signalized *** achieve the study objectives,a pedestrian simulator setup was used to collect the crossing behaviour of forty participants at a four-legged signalized ***-compliance,one of the riskiest pedestrian behaviours,was examined with respect to three different forms,comprising dangerous temporal non-compliance(D-TNC),non-dangerous temporal non-compliance(ND-TNC),and spatial non-compliance(SNC)behaviour under two distinct conditions:baseline(i.e.,no time pressure)and time pressure *** effects of demographics,usual walking features,and time pressure on D-TNC and ND-TNC were investigated using a multinomial regression model,while SNC behaviour was investigated using a binary regression *** was interesting to note that the majority of the factors related to pedestrians’usual walking behaviour had an impact on all kinds of non-compliance ***,the results also showcased that time pressure had a contrasting impact on D-TNC and ND-TNC behaviour whereas SNC behaviour increased under time ***,the varying impacts of D-TNC,ND-TNC,and SNC were also reflected in the occurrence of the crashes,which were probably triggered by discrepancies in the influence of time pressure on non-compliance *** findings highlight the need for technical solutions,educational outreach,and efficient enforcement practices to reduce pedestrians'non-compliant behaviour.

关键词： Signalized intersection Time pressure Pedestrians Temporal compliance Spatial compliance Pedestrian simulator

Principal coordinates and principal velocity gradient tensor decomposition

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第3期32卷 441-453页

作者： Yifei Yu pushpa Shrestha Charles Nottage Chaoqun Liu Department of Mathematics University of Texas at ArlingtonArlington 76019USA

Helmholtz velocity decomposition and Cauchy-Stokes tensor decomposition have been widely accepted as the foundation of fluid kinematics for a long ***,there are some problems with these decompositions which cannot be ***,Cauchy-Stokes decomposition itself is not galilean invariant which means under different coordinates,the stretching(compression)and deformation are quite *** problem is that the anti-symmetric part of the velocity gradient tensor is not the proper quantity to represent fluid *** show these two drawbacks,two counterexamples are given in this ***“principal coordinate”and“principal decomposition”are introduced to solve the problems of Helmholtz *** easy way is given to find the Principal decomposition which has the property of galilean invariance.

关键词： Velocity decomposition Helmholtz Cauchy-Stokes Liutex principal coordinate

A Rebalancing Framework for Classification of Imbalanced Medical Appointment No-show Data

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2021年第1期6卷 178-192页

作者： Ulagapriya Krishnan pushpa.sa.ga. Department of Computer Science and Engineering St.Peter’s Institute of Higher Education and ResearchChennaiIndia

Purpose: This paper aims to improve the classification performance when the data is imbalanced by applying different sampling techniques available in Machine ***/methodology/approach: The medical appointment no-show dataset is imbalanced, and when classification algorithms are applied directly to the dataset, it is biased towards the majority class, ignoring the minority class. To avoid this issue, multiple sampling techniques such as Random Over sampling(ROS), Random Under sampling(RUS), Synthetic Minority Oversampling TEchnique(SMOTE), ADAptive SYNthetic sampling(ADASYN), Edited Nearest Neighbor(ENN), and Condensed Nearest Neighbor(CNN) are applied in order to make the dataset balanced. The performance is assessed by the Decision Tree classifier with the listed sampling techniques and the best performance is ***: This study focuses on the comparison of the performance metrics of various sampling methods widely used. It is revealed that, compared to other techniques, the Recall is high when ENN is applied CNN and ADASYN have performed equally well on the Imbalanced *** limitations: The testing was carried out with limited dataset and needs to be tested with a larger *** implications: This framework will be useful whenever the data is imbalanced in real world scenarios, which ultimately improves the ***/value: This paper uses the rebalancing framework on medical appointment no-show dataset to predict the no-shows and removes the bias towards minority class.

关键词： Imbalanced data sampling methods Machine learning Classification

Influence of microbial priming and seeding depth on germination and growth of native wildflowers

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 266-273页

作者： Daniela Barrera Juan Luera Kaitlynn Lavallee pushpa Soti Mathematics and Science Academy University of Texas-Rio Grande ValleyEdinburg 78539USA Sharyland Pioneer High School MissionTX 78573USA. Department of Biology University of Texas-Rio Grande ValleyEdinburgTX 78539USA. School of Earth Environmentand Marine SciencesUniversity of Texas-Rio Grande ValleyEdinburgTX 78539USA.

Background:Using native wildflowers for restoring marginal lands has gained considerable *** of wildflowers can be challenging due to several environmental *** the microbial community in degraded habitats can potentially result in the native plant performance and habitat *** study was conducted to investigate the impact of native soil microbes and seeding depth on germination of south Texas native *** wildflower species,Ratibida columnifera(Nutt.)(Mexican Hat)and Verbesina encelioides(Cav.)(cowpen daisy),were treated with microbial wash extracted from native soils,and germination rate was recorded for 14-day *** further analyzed the growth,biomass allocation,and root colonization by mycorrhizal fungi in these two plants growing them in a plant growth chamber for 6 *** determine the impact of seeding depth,we planted the seeds of the two plant species at 2-cm,6-cm,and 12-cm depth and monitored germination and plant ***:The two species responded differently to the seeding depth and microbial wash *** wash treatment resulted in higher germination rate in *** compared to control,while it did not have any impact on *** seed *** microbial treatment did not influence the total biomass,it had a significant impact on the biomass allocation in both the plant *** seeds germinated at both 2-cm and 6-cm depth and did not germinate at 12 cm,while the *** seeds germinated only at 2 cm and did not germinate at 6-cm or 12-cm seeding ***:While our results are species specific,our results indicate that native soil microbes can potentially improve the seed germination and growth of *** results also indicate the importance of specific seeding depth when sowing wildflower seeds for habitat restoration.

关键词： Habitat restoration Soil microbes Seeding depth Wildflowers Root endophytes

Soil biotic and abiotic conditions negate invasive species performance in native habitat

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 196-204页

作者： pushpa G.Soti Matthew Purcell Krish Jayachandran Department of Biology University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyEdinburgTXUSA USDA-ARS Australian Biological Control LaboratoryBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Earth and Environment Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA

Background:Most studies on plant invasion consider the enemy release hypothesis when analyzing native ***,the lower performance of invasive species in the native habitats can be the result of unfavorable soil conditions in the native *** soil biotic and abiotic factors have a potential to restrict the growth of invasive species in their native habitats,our understanding of belowground environment of invasive species in their native habitats is very *** this study,we analyzed soil characteristics associated with an exotic invasive plant,Old World Climbing Fern(Lygodium microphyllum),in its native habitat in Australia and the recipient habitat in South *** soil samples from both habitats were analyzed for soil physical,chemical and biological ***:Soil characteristics in the recipient habitats were significantly different compared to those in the native *** samples from the native habitat had low soil pH,and high concentrations of elements such as aluminum and zinc which are phytotoxic in acidic soil ***,mycorrhizal fungi spores were more diverse in the recipient habitat in Florida compared to the native habitat in ***:Overall,our results indicate that growth of an invasive plant in its native habitats could be restricted by the toxic effects associated with strong soil *** from this study indicate that invasive plants not only escape from their natural herbivores but also from toxic soil environment in their native habitats.

关键词： Soil toxicity Soil chemistry Soil microbes Exotic invasive species Lygodium microphyllum

Correlation analysis among vorticity,Q method and Liutex

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第6期32卷 1207-1211页

作者： Yifei Yu pushpa Shrestha Oscar Alvarez Charles Nottage Chaoqun Liu Department of Mathematics the University of Texas at ArlingtonArlington76019USA

Influenced by the fact that vorticity represents rotation for rigid body,people believe this idea also works for fluid ***,the vortex predictions by vorticity do not match experimental results,which drove scientists to look for more appropriate methods to identify *** vortex identification methods can be categorized into three *** vorticity-based method is classified as the first *** relying on eigenvalues of velocity gradient tensor are considered as the second *** still believe vorticity is vortex since vorticity theory looks correct in mathematics,but all other methods are only scalars and unable to indicate the swirl ***,a new vortex identification method called Liutex is *** is regarded as the third-generation method,not only overcoming all previous methods’drawbacks but also having a clear physical *** direction of Liutex represents the swirl axis of rotation,and its strength is equal to twice the angular *** this paper,we did a correlation analysis between vorticity,Q,λ_(ci),λ_(2)methods and Liutex based on a direct numerical simulation(DNS)case of boundary layer *** results show that the correlation between vorticity and Liutex is very small or even negative in strong shear regions,which demonstrates that using vorticity to detect vortex lacks scientific foundation and vorticity is not appropriate to represent *** correlation analysis also shows that the second generation is contaminated too by shear and thus is not accurate to identify the vortex structure.

关键词： Correlation Liutex vorticity Q method λ_(ci)method λ_(2)method

Classification of Multi-view Digital Mammogram Images Using SMO-WkNN

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第8期46卷 1741-1758页

作者： P.Malathi G.Charlyn pushpa Latha Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(Deemed to be University)ChennaiTamilnaduIndia Department of Information Technology Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(Deemed to be University)ChennaiTamilnaduIndia

Breast cancer(BCa)is a leading cause of death in the female population across the *** 2.3 million new BCa cases are recorded globally in females,overtaking lung cancer as the most prevalent form of cancer to be ***,the mortality rates for cervical and BCa are significantly higher in developing nations than in developed *** diagnosis is the only option to minimize the risks of *** learning(DL)-based models have performed well in image processing in recent years,particularly convolutional neural network(CNN).Hence,this research proposes a DL-based CNN model to diagnose BCa from digitized mammogram *** main objective of this research is to develop an accurate and efficient early diagnosis model for BCa *** proposed model is a multi-view-based computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)model,which performs the diagnosis of BCa on multi-views of mammogram images like medio-lateral-oblique(MLO)and cranio-caudal(CC).The digital mammogram images are collected from the digital database for screening mammography(DDSM)*** preprocessing,median filter and contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization(CLAHE)techniques are utilized for image *** preprocessing,the segmentation is performed using the region growing(RG)*** feature extraction is carried out from the segmented images using a pyramidal histogram of oriented gradients(PHOG)and the AlextNet ***,the classification is performed using the weighted k-nearest neighbor(WkNN)optimized with sequential minimal optimization(SMO).The classified images are evaluated based on accuracy,recall,precision,specificity,f1-score,and mathews correlation coefficient(MCC).Additionally,the false positive and error rates are *** proposed model obtained 98.57%accuracy,98.61%recall,99.25%specificity,98.63%precision,97.93%f1-score,96.26%MCC,0.0143 error rate,and 0.0075 false positive rate(FPR).Compared to the existing models,the research model ha

关键词： Breast cancer DDSM CLAHE median filter region growing PHOG AlexNet SMO-WkNN

Guinea pig model of tuberculosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第2期2卷 76-80页

作者： pushpa Gupta U.D.Gupta Experimental Animal Facility National JALMA Institute for Leprosy & Other Mycobacterial DiseasesTajganjAgra 282001India

Animal models are being developed for testing different vaccine candidates as well as testing of new antitubercular since a long ***,guinea pigs and rabbits are animals which are frequently *** each model has got its merits as well as demerits and each of them differ from human tuberculosis in one aspect or the other but none of the model completely mimics the human *** of the different animal species, guinea pig model is one of the better models as it is very sensitive to *** infection but it has certain limitations like paucity of immunological ***,it is the best model for tuberculosis research.

关键词： Vaccines Animal Models Tuberculosis Guinea pig

Computer-aided diabetic retinopathy diagnostic model using optimal thresholding merged with neural network

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2020年第3期13卷 283-310页

作者： Ambaji S.Jadhav pushpa B.Patil Sunil Biradar Department of Electrical and Electronics B.L.D.E.A’s V.P.Dr.P.G.Halakatti College of Engineering and Technology(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University)VijayapurIndia Department of Ophthalmology Shri B.M.Patil Medical College and Research Center(Deemed to be University)VijayapurIndia

Purpose-Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a central root of blindness all over the *** DR is tough to diagnose in starting stages,and the detection procedure might be time-consuming even for qualified ***,intelligent disease detection techniques are extremely acceptable for progress analysis and recognition of various ***,a computer-aided diagnosis scheme based on intelligent learning approaches is intended to propose for diagnosing DR effectively using a benchmark ***/methodology/approach-The proposed DR diagnostic procedure involves four main steps:(1)image pre-processing,(2)blood vessel segmentation,(3)feature extraction,and(4)***,the retinal fundus image is taken for pre-processing with the help of Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization(CLAHE)and average *** the next step,the blood vessel segmentation is carried out using a segmentation process with optimized gray-level *** the blood vessels are extracted,feature extraction is done,using Local Binary Pattern(LBP),Texture Energy Measurement(TEM based on Laws of Texture Energy),and two entropy computations-Shanon’s entropy,and Kapur’s *** collected features are subjected to a classifier called Neural Network(NN)with an optimized training *** the gray-level thresholding and NN is enhanced by the Modified Levy Updated-Dragonfly Algorithm(MLU-DA),which operates to maximize the segmentation accuracy and to reduce the error difference between the predicted and actual outcomes of the ***,this classification error can correctly prove the efficiency of the proposed DR detection ***-The overall accuracy of the proposed MLU-DA was 16.6%superior to conventional classifiers,and the precision of the developed MLU-DA was 22%better than LM-NN,16.6%better than PSO-NN,GWO-NN,and ***,it is concluded that the implemented MLU-DA outperformed state-of-the-art algorithms in detecting ***

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy detection Gray-level thresholding Optimal trained neural network Dragon fly algorithm Levy update Performance metrics