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Systematic review of nutrition screening and assessment in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第28期25卷 3823-3837页

作者： Suqing Li Michael Ney Tannaz Eslamparast Ben Vandermeer Kathleen P Ismond Karen Kroeker Brendan Halloran Maitreyi Raman puneeta tandon Division of Internal Medicine Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G3 Canada Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta T2N 2T9 Canada Cirrhosis Care Clinic Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2X8 Canada Alberta Research Centre for Health Evidence Biostatistician Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 1C9 Canada

BACKGROUND Malnutrition is prevalent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Multiple nutrition screening (NST) and assessment tools (NAT) have been developed for general populations, but the evidence in patients with IBD remains unclear. AIM To systematically review the prevalence of abnormalities on NSTs and NATs, whether NSTs are associated with NATs, and whether they predict clinical outcomes in patients with IBD. METHODS Comprehensive searches performed in Medline, CINAHL Plus and PubMed. Included: English language studies correlating NSTs with NATs or NSTs/NATs with clinical outcomes in IBD. Excluded: Review articles/case studies;use of body mass index/laboratory values as sole NST/NAT;age<16. RESULTS Of 16 studies and 1618 patients were included, 72% Crohn’s disease and 28% ulcerative colitis. Four NSTs (the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, Malnutrition Inflammation Risk Tool (MIRT), Saskatchewan Inflammatory Bowel Disease Nutrition Risk Tool (SaskIBD-NRT) and Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) were significantly associated with nutritional assessment measures of sarcopenia and the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). Three NSTs (MIRT, NRS-2002 and Nutritional Risk Index) were associated with clinical outcomes including hospitalizations, need for surgery, disease flares, and length of stay (LOS). Sarcopenia was the most commonly evaluated NAT associated with outcomes including the need for surgery and post-operative complications. The SGA was not associated with clinical outcomes aside from LOS. CONCLUSION There is limited evidence correlating NSTs, NATs and clinical outcomes in IBD. Although studies support the association of NSTs/NATs with relevant outcomes, the heterogeneity calls for further studies before an optimal tool can be recommended. The NRS-2002, measures of sarcopenia and developments of novel NSTs/NATs, such as the MIRT, represent key, clinically-relevant areas for future exploration.

关键词： Nutrition Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease Screening Outcomes research

Formation of E-cyanomethamine in a nitrile rich environment

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第1期17卷 1-10页

作者： Shivani Alka Misra Poonam tandon Department of Mathematics & Astronomy University of Lucknow Lucknow India Department of Physics University of Lucknow Lucknow 226007 India

Recently a new molecule, cyanomethamine, has been detected towards Sagittarius B2（N）（Sgr B2（N））. Studying the formation mechanisms of complex interstellar molecules is difficult. Hence, a theoretical quantum chemical approach for analyzing the reaction mechanism describing the forma- tion of interstellar cyanomethamine through detected interstellar molecules and radicals （NCCN＋H） is discussed in the present work. Calculations are performed by using quantum chemical techniques, such as Density Functional Theory （DFT） and Mφ11er-Plesset perturbation （MP2） theory with a 6-311G（d,p） basis set, both in the gas phase and in icy grains. The proposed reaction path （NCCN＋H＋H） has exother- micity with no barrier which indicates the possibility of cyanomethamine formation in the interstellar medium.

关键词： interstellar medium: abundances general - general: extraterrestrial intelligence - mete-orites - individual: Sgr B2(N) region

A NUMERICAL APPROACH STUDYING THE EFFECTS OF PRECIPITATION SCAVENGING ON STEADY-STATE DISPERSION OF AIR POLLUTANTS

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2012年第1期3卷 51-67页

作者： MANJU AGARWAL ABHINAV tandon Department of Mathematics and Astronomy University of Lucknow LucknowUttar PradeshIndia Department of Mathematics Shri Ramswaroop Memorial Group of Professional Colleges Tiwariganj Faizabad RoadLucknowUttar PradeshIndia

The present paper demonstrates the applicability of finite element method of weighted residuals to study the effects of precipitation scavenging through raindrops on the steady-state dispersion of air pollutants in the atmosphere under realistic variable wind and diffusivity ***,the washout of pollutants by rain droplets is considered and the whole analysis for the pollutant concentration is carried out in two phases *** phase and droplet *** model solutions are obtained by using local basis and asymmetric quadratic weighting functions which can provide a promising alternative to the standard Galerkin formulation for problems with advective and diffusive *** results of the model reveal that the precipitation scavenging by rain is quite effective in cleaning the polluted *** the need of pollutant concentration in rain drops regarding acid precipitation(or acid rain),the concentration of the absorbed pollutant in the droplet phase are also ***,the present study provides an understanding on the concentration distribution of pollutant in gaseous and droplet phases,under the effects of variable wind and diffusivity profiles.

关键词： Precipitation scavenging pollutant gaseous phase droplet phase finite element asymmetric weighting functions

Modeling the effects of environmental pollution intensified by urbanization on human population

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2016年第3期7卷 74-86页

作者： Abhinav tandon Kumari Jyotsna Department of Mathematics Birla Institute of Technology(BIT)Mesra Ranchi-835215JharkhandIndia

A mathematical model is presented here to investigate the effects of environmental pollution,intensified by urbanization,on the density of human ***,urbanization is assumed to grow with constant rate and also,induced through growing population and the corresponding population *** model analysis,qualitatively and numerically,show that though the growth of population or population pressure is responsible for the growing urbanization,but for very large increase of urbanization,the population may not survive in the long run due to environmental pollution driven by urbanization.

关键词： Pollution population urbanization population pressure stability numerical analysis

Modeling the impact of migrated population on human-to-human transmission of Ebola virus disease

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2018年第1期9卷 185-206页

作者： Abhinav tandon Sankha Banerjee Department of Mathematics Birla Institute of Technology(BIT)Mesra Ranchi 835215JharkhandIndia

A nonlinear SEIR mathematical model is developed to investigate the impact of migrated population,infected with Ebola virus,on human-to-human transmission of Ebola Virus Disease(EVD)in a disease-free *** view of the dynamics of Ebola virus disease,here,the infected class is supposed to be divided into subclasses,*** and secondary *** proposed model is analyzed qualitatively using the stability theory of differential equations and quantitatively using numerical *** obtained results,qualitatively and quantitatively,suggest that migration and contact rates play an important role in controlling the spreading of *** values for migration and contact rates are evaluated and it is revealed that if these rates go beyond their critical values,it leads to delay in the stabilization of the *** is also found that primary reproductive number increases with increase in migration *** this,the approximate time required to attain stability of the disease model system is also *** model analysis recommends quarantining the noninfected from the secondary infected in order to control the spreading out of disease.

关键词： Mathematical model primary infected secondary infected migration Ebola virus qualitative analysis quantitative analysis

Theoretical approach to study the formation of C2H4O2 isomers in interstellar medium through reaction between interstellar formaldehyde molecules

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020年第1期20卷 124-136页

作者： Aftab Ahmad Shivani Alka Misra Poonam tandon Department of Mathematics&Astronomy University of LucknowLucknowIndia Department of Physics University of LucknowLucknowIndia

The three isomers of C2H4O2,viz.,glycolaldehyde(HCOCH2 OH),acetic acid(CH3 COOH)and methyl formate(HCOOCH3),have been detected in copious amounts in the interstellar medium(ISM).The possibility for formation of these molecules through interstellar formaldehyde(HCHO)has been explored by using the quantum chemical approach described by density functional theory(DFT)and second order Moller-Plesset perturbation(MP2)theory with a 6–311 G(d,p)basis set in the gas phase as well as in icy *** associated molecule-molecule interactions have been discussed to study the formation of isomers of C2H4O2 in *** reactions of two formaldehyde molecules exhibit a considerable potential barrier but due to quantum tunneling,these reactions could be possible in *** chemical pathway is exothermic,which gives rise to a high probability for the formation of all three isomers,***,methyl formate and acetic acid,in interstellar *** rotational vibration,centrifugal distortion constants and coupling constants are also calculated and results suggest that the vibrations are harmonic in nature.

关键词： ISM:molecules astrochemistry astrobiology abundances

Formation of cyanoallene(buta-2, 3-dienenitrile) in the interstellar medium: a quantum chemical and spectroscopic study

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2014年第3期14卷 275-284页

作者： Amresh Singh Shivani Alka Misra Poonam tandon Department of Mathematics & Astronomy University of Lucknow Department of Physics University of Lucknow

The interstellar medium, filling the vast space between stars, is a rich reser-voir of molecular material ranging from simple diatomic molecules to more com-plex, astrobiologically important molecules such as vinylcyanide, methylcyanodiac-cetylene, cyanoaUene, etc. Interstellar molecular cyanoallene is one of the most stableisomers of methylcynoacetylene. An attempt has been made to explore the possibilityof forming cyanoallene in interstellar space by radical-radical and radical-moleculeinteraction schemes in the gaseous phase. The formation of cyanoallene starting fromsome simple, neutral interstellar molecules and radicals has been studied using densityfunctional theory. The reaction energies and structures of the reactants and productsshow that the formation of cyanoallene is possible in the gaseous phase. Both of theconsidered reaction paths are totally exothermic and barrierless, thus giving rise to ahigh probability of occurrence. Rate constants for each step in the formation processof cyanoallene in both the reaction paths are estimated. A full vibrational analysishas been attempted for cyanoallene in the harmonic and anharmonic *** spectroscopic parameters such as rotational constants, rotation-vibrationcoupling constants and centrifugal distortion constants have been calculated.

关键词： astrochemistry techniques: spectroscopic ISM: abundances ISM: molecules

Quantum chemical analysis for the formation of glycine in the interstellar medium

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2013年第8期13卷 912-920页

作者： Amresh Singh Shivani Alka Misra Poonam tandon Department of Mathematics & Astronomy University of Lucknow Department of Physics University of Lucknow

Glycine （C2H5NO2） was the first amino acid to be detected in space by the stardust space probe in Comet Wild2, and is used by living organisms to make proteins. We discuss three different reaction paths for the formation of glycine in interstellar space from some simpler molecules detected in the interstellar medium. The possibility of the formation of glycine in interstellar space is considered by radicalradical and radical-molecule interaction schemes using quantum chemical calculations with density functional theory at the B3LYP/6-31G （d,p） level. In the chemical pathways we discuss, a few reactions are found to be totally exothermic and barrierless while others are endothermic with a very small reaction barrier, thus giving rise to a high probability of forming glycine in interstellar space.

关键词： astrobiology - astrochemistry - ISM: abundances - ISM: molecules

Traditional Indian religious streets： A spatial study of the streets of Mathura

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2017年第4期6卷 469-479页

作者： Meeta tandon Vandana Sehgal Faculty of Architecture Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University Lucknow India

Streets determine the spatial characteristics of a city and are its most important element. They retain their unique identity by depicting their own sense of place and provide psychological and functional meaning to people＇s lives. Traditional streets, located in the heart of a city and where religious buildings are situated, are visited by numerous pilgrims daily and should be assessed for their physical features and spatial qualities. This study aims to investigate the character of one of such streets, Yishram Bazaar Street, which is a commercial street where the famous Dwarkadhish temple of Mathura is located. This study, therefore, aspires to uncover the spatial qualities of the street in terms of its physical characteristics based on the tool given by Reid Ewing, Clemente, and Handy, which includes imageability, enclosure, human scale, transparency, and complexity, and to establish the relevance of these qualities in Indian religious streets. The methods used for data collection are literature reviews, on-site documentation （field notes, photographs, and videos）, visual assessment, and questionnaire surveys.

关键词： Street Spatiat quatities Religious precincts Physical characteristics