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Evaluation of the Third 90 of the 90-90-90 Cascade for the Period 2019-2020 in the Central African Republic

World Journal of AIDS 2021年第4期11卷 189-198页

作者： Gilles Stéphane Landry Ngaya Brice Martial Yambiyo Alain Farra pulchérie pelembi Aubin Bere Davy Golongba Steve Kamadom Alain Berlioz-Arthaud Laboratory of Medical Analysis of the Institut Pasteur of Bangui (IPB) Bangui Central African Republic Epidemiology Unit of the IPB Bangui Central African Republic National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory IPB Bangui Central African Republic

Introduction In Central-African Republic, according to UNAIDS in 2019, out of approximately 100,000 people living with HIV, 70% (72,000) knew their HIV status and 47,000 (46%) were on ARV therapy;however, there is a paucity of data on viral load suppression in people on ARV therapy. The objective of this study was to assess the third 90 of the UNAIDS strategy for the years 2019 and 2020 in the CAR. Methods We analyzed the available viral load data extracted from the data base of the medical analysis laboratory (SYSLAM) of the Institut Pasteur of Bangui for the years 2019 and 2020. The viral loads were determined based on plasma collected in an EDTA tube with Cepheid’s GeneXpert® 16-module controllers. Viral load data were extracted from SYSLAM, converted to Excel format, and analyzed with STATA version 14 software. The significance threshold for the statistical tests was set at 5%. Results This study included 22,895 patients, of who 72% were female. The average age was 40.82 years, and the majority of the patients (80%) came from the city of Bangui. Regarding the virological parameters associated with this study, 66% of the patients had significant viral load suppression according to the WHO recommendations and 34% were in virological failure. Patients over 50 years of age (71.85%) and age group 40 - 49 years (69.25%) recorded significant levels of viral load suppression. On the other hand, 63.45% of patients under 18 years of age had virological failure. All of these results were statistically significant (p Conclusion There should be a concerted effort, to make viral load accessible and available to all patients receiving ARV treatment in the CAR and the management of HIV/AIDS infection of children and adolescents should be given special attention.

关键词： HIV ARV Viral Load Suppression 90-90-90 Target Central African Republic

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Biological Profile of HIV-Positive Patients in Bangui, Central African Republic, in 2017

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World Journal of AIDS 2018年第1期8卷 11-20页

作者： Yawo Tufa Nyasenu Alain Farra Brice Martial Yambiyo Alexandre Manirakiza Fernand Didier Padou Ferdinand Yapou pulcherie pelembi Rodolphe Mambely-Nzako Marie-Joelle Mandeng Alain Berlioz-Arthaud Pierre-Alain Rubbo Jean-Pierre Lombart Institut Pasteur of Bangui Medical Analysis LaboratoryBanguiCentral African Republic Institut Pasteur of Bangui Epidemiology ServiceBanguiCentral African Republic

Background: The biological profile of HIV-positive patients is essential for diagnosing treatment failure and the prognosis of infection. We determined the virological and immunological profiles and biological anomalies of HIV-positive people on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Bangui, Central Afri-can Republic. Methods: We conducted an analytical, descriptive study be-tween 4 April and 30 September 2017 of all patients who had received ART for more than 12 months and who attended the Medical Analysis Laboratory of the Institut Pasteur in Bangui for a complete biological work-up, including viral load. A blood sample was taken for quantification of RNA HIV-1, CD4 lymphocytes and blood count in two tubes containing ethylenediamine te-traacetic acid, and another sample was taken in a dry tube for measurement of creatinine and transaminases. Results: The total population comprised 1748 patients, with a mean age of 38.7 years (±14.3;median, 41 years;range, 2 - 79 years);33.3% of patients were between 40 and 49 years old. Females predo-minated (71.3%), for a sex ratio of 0.4. Immunological failure was observed in 20.2% of patients (CD4 Conclusion: The abnormalities observed in this study concerned the haematopoietic system, the liver and the kidneys. As other or-gans and systems may be affected, periodic multidisciplinary biological and clinical follow-up is necessary for people living with HIV in order to improve their management.

关键词： Anaemia Biological Abnormalities HIV-1 Bangui

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Trends of HIV Viral Load in Patients under Combined Antiretroviral Treatment in Bangui, Central African Republic

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World Journal of AIDS 2018年第2期8卷 53-62页

作者： Yawo Tufa Nyasenu Alain Farra Serge Ghislain Djorie Brice Martial Yambiyo Alexandre Manirakiza Gilles Stephane Ngaya Sandrine Moussa pulcherie pelembi Davy Martial Golongba Aubin Bere Rodolphe Mambely-Nzako Marie-Joelle Mandeng Alain Berlioz-Arthaud Pierre-Alain Rubbo Jean-Pierre Lombart Institut Pasteur of Bangui Medical Analysis LaboratoryBanguiCentral African Republic Institut Pasteur of Bangui Epidemiology ServiceBanguiCentral African Republic Institut Pasteur of Bangui Retrovirus ServiceBanguiCentral African Republic

Background: The success of antiretroviral therapy requires better virological monitoring. We described the virological profile of patients on combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) for HIV/AIDS in Bangui, Central African Republic (CAR). Methods: In this prospective cohort study of patients who had been on combined antiretroviral therapy treatment (cART) for at least 12 months in Bangui, only one HIV plasma viral load per patient was realized at the Institut Pasteur of Bangui, between April 4th and November 28th, 2017. Sociodemographic and biological data were collected. Blood samples were taken for viral load. The biocentric generic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) load test was used to quantify a ribonucleic acid (RNA) HIV-1. Data were analyzed with Stata software version 14. Chi-squared test was used to analyse viral load according to sex and age. The level of significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: A total of 3569 patients were recruited, with a mean age of 40 years (median, 42 years;range, 1 - 84), patients aged 40 - 49 predominating (34.2%). The sex ratio was 0.4. No virus was detectable in plasma from 49.2% of patients, while 42.4% had virological failure (viral load, ≥1000 copies/mL) according to WHO criteria. The risk for virological failure decreased with age (P = 0.001) and was higher among females than males (P = 0.001). Conclusions: The rate of virological failure among patients on cART is very high in the CAR, despite the availability of and access to monitoring of HIV plasma viral load in Bangui. Therefore, adherence to treatment should be evaluated and reinforced in Bangui, CAR.

关键词： Plasma Viral Load Failure HIV-1 Bangui CAR

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