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Teenage pregnancy and the sociodemographic attributes as a major contributor: Findings from an urban referral center in Nepal

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World Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第2期10卷 16-25页

作者： Puja thapa pukar thapa Dhan Bahadur Shrestha Pravash Budhathoki Binod Karki Bimita Mahat Department of Anesthesiology Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences(NAIHS)Shree Birendra HospitalChhauniKathmandu 44600Nepal Hepatology Unit(Internal Medicine) National Academy of Medical Sciences(NAMS)Bir HospitalKathmandu 44600Nepal Department of Internal Medicine Mount Sinai HospitalChicagoIL 60608United States Department of Internal Medicine Bronxcare Health SystemBronxNY 10457United States Gastroenterology Unit Internal MedicineNational Academy of Medical Sciences(NAMS)Bir HospitalKathmandu 44600Nepal Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kathmandu Medical CollegeSinamangalKathmandu 44600Nepal

BACKGROUND Teenage pregnancy is a challenging issue ***,despite the increased health risk and socioeconomic impact of teenage pregnancy,the numbers remain high in *** To determine the prevalence and sociodemographic factors associated with teenage pregnancy in *** A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital from April to August 2017.A total of 1359 mothers were assessed and interviewed regarding their reproductive history and sociodemographic *** approval from the Nepal Health Research Council,permission from the concerned hospital,and consent from study subjects were *** Of the 5526 deliveries,679(12.3%)were teenage pregnancy *** majority(85.1%)of mothers(out of 1359)were married at<20 years of age,with a mean age of marriage of 17.57 years(±1.994,range:12-25 years).Marriage age was a significant determinant of teenage pregnancy(odds ratio[OR]2.423[2.262-2.596];P<0.001).Likewise,a love marriage(OR:2.018[1.585-2.570];P<0.001)and first teenage pregnancy(OR:3.622[3.265-4.017];P<0.001)were significant determinants for subsequent teen *** of family planning methods(OR:0.474;0.288-0.779;P=0.003)and use of any methods of family planning utilization(OR:0.345;0.248-0.479;P=0.000)significantly lowered the chance of teenage *** Teenage pregnancy occupies a substantial proportion of total deliveries in the Nepalese maternity *** addition,early pregnancy was significantly associated with age and type of marriage,education level,knowledge,and practice of contraceptive methods.

关键词： Contraception Nepal Reproductive health Teenage pregnancy Marriage Education

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Spectrum of COVID-19 induced liver injury:A review report

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第4期16卷 517-536页

作者： Lokjan Singh Anil Kumar Maya Rai Bibek Basnet Nishant Rai pukar Khanal Kok-Song Lai Wan-Hee Cheng Ahmed Morad Asaad Shamshul Ansari Department of Microbiology Karnali Academy of Health ScienceTeaching HospitalJumla 21200KarnaliNepal Health Sciences Asian College of Advance StudiesPurbanchal UniversitySatdobato 24122LalitpurNepal Department of Biotechnology Graphic Era(Deemed to be University)Dehradun 248002UttarakhandIndia Department of Pharmacology&Toxicology KLE College of PharmacyBelagaviKLE Academy of Higher Education and ResearchBelagavi 590010KarnatakaIndia Division of Health Sciences Abu Dhabi Women's CollegeHigher Colleges of TechnologyAbu Dhabi 41012United Arab Emirates Health and Life Sciences INTI International UniversityNilai 71800Malaysia Department of Microbiology College of MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig 44519Egypt

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has caused changes in the global health system,causing significant setbacks in healthcare systems *** pandemic has also shown resilience,flexibility,and creativity in reacting to the *** severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection targets most of the respiratory tract,resulting in a severe sickness called acute respiratory distress syndrome that may be fatal in some *** the lung is the primary organ targeted by COVID-19 viruses,the clinical aspect of the disease is varied and ranges from asymptomatic to respiratory ***,due to an unorganized immune response and several affected mechanisms,the liver may also experience liver cell injury,ischemic liver dysfunction,and drug-induced liver injury,which can result in respiratory failure because of the immune system’s disordered response and other compromised processes that can end in multisystem organ *** with liver cirrhosis or those who have impaired immune systems may be more likely than other groups to experience worse results from the SARS-CoV-2 *** thus intend to examine the pathogenesis,current therapy,and consequences of liver damage concerning COVID-19.

关键词： Autoimmune liver disease COVID-19 Clinical manifestation of liver Drug-induced liver injury SARS-CoV-2

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Integration of network and experimental pharmacology to decipher the antidiabetic action of Duranta repens L.

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2021年第1期19卷 66-77页

作者： pukar Khanal Basanagouda M.Patil Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology KLE College of Pharmacy BelagaviKLE Academy of Higher Education and ResearchBelagavi 590010India

Objective:Duranta repens is reported to contain a wide array of secondary metabolites,including aamylase and a-glucosidase inhibitors,and-has potent antioxidant *** present study evaluated the network pharmacology of ***(whole plant)with targets related to diabetes mellitus and assessed its outcome by evaluating the effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of *** in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetes mellitus in ***:Phytoconstituents of *** were retrieved from an open-source database and published literature,and their targets were predicted for diabetes mellitus using Binding DB and the therapeutic target ***-protein interaction was predicted using STRING,and pathways involved in diabetes mellitus were identified using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway ***,ADMET profile(absorption,distribution,metabolism,excretion and toxicity)and cytotoxicity of compounds modulating proteins involved in diabetes were predicted using Mol Soft,admet SAR2.0 and CLC-Pred,*** interaction network among phytoconstituents,proteins and pathways was constructed using Cytoscape,and the docking study was performed using Auto *** hydroalcoholic extract of *** was evaluated using streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetes mellitus animal model for 28 d,followed by an oral glucose tolerance *** the end of the study,biochemical parameters like glycogen content,hepatic enzymes,antioxidant biomarkers and lipid profiles were ***,the liver and pancreas were collected for a histopathology ***:Thirty-six different secondary metabolites from *** were identified to regulate thirty-one targets involved in diabetes mellitus,in which protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1 B(PTP1 B)was primarily *** analysis of modulated proteins identified 12 different pathways in diabetic pathogenesis in which the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-protein kinase B(PI3 K-Ak

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Duranta repens DurantaninⅠ Network pharmacology Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-protein kinase B signaling pathway Protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B

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Gene set enrichment analysis of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from Ficus benghalensis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2019年第6期9卷 263-270页

作者： pukar Khanal B.M.Patil Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology KLE College of Pharmacy Belagavi KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research (KAHER)

Objective:To identify alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from Ficus benghalensis and analyze gene set enrichment of regulated protein ***:The phytoconstituents of Ficu.s *** were queried for inhibitors of alphaglucosidase,also identified as aldose reductase *** score,absorption,distribution,metabolism,excretion and toxicity profile,biological spectrum,and gene expression were predicated for each *** study was performed to predict the binding affinity with alpha-glucosidase and aldose reductase and compared with clinically proven *** Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis was performed for the regulated genes to identify the modulated ***:Apigenin,3,4’,5,7-tetrahydroxy-3’-methoxyflavone,and kaempferol were identified as inhibitors of alpha-glucosidase and aldose *** was predicted to possess the highest binding affinity with both *** p53 signaling pathway was predicted to modulate the majority of protein molecules in diabetes *** the alpha-glucosidase inhibitors were also predicted as membrane integrity agonist and anti-mutagenic ***:The current study indicates alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from Ficus benghale,nsis can act as aldose reductase inhibitors after absorption from the intestinal ***,these phytoconstituents are involved in the regulation of numerous protein molecules and ***,the anti-diabetic efficacies of these compounds are due to their action on multiple protein molecules and synergistic effects which should be confirmed by future investigations.

关键词： Ficus benghalensis Gene set enrichment Kaempferol Network pharmacology Type 2 diabetes mellitus

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In vitro and in silico anti-oxidant, cytotoxicity and biological activities of Ficus benghalensis and Duranta repens

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2020年第4期12卷 406-413页

作者： pukar Khanal Basanagouda M.Pati Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology KLE College of PharmacyBelagaviKLE Academy of Higher Education and Research(KAHER)Belagavi 590010India

Objective:To report in vitro anti-oxidant activity and cytotoxicity of hydroalcoholic extract of Ficus benghalensis(bark)and Duranta repens(whole plant),and present the probable biological spectrum of major anti-oxidants from both ***:The coarse powder of both plants was first extracted with 70%ethanol(maceration)followed by 99%ethanol(Soxhlet-extraction).Anti-oxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using DPPH,H2O2,2,20-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid(ABTS),NO scavenging assay,total antioxidant capacity,cupric reducing antioxidant capacity(CUPRAC),and metal chelating *** of both extracts was evaluated using MTT assay in both tumor and normal cell lines *** hamster ovary cells(CHO)and A549 *** activity of individual anti-oxidants from both medicinal plants was identified using prediction of activity spectra for substances and a docking study was performed by using ***:Hydroalcoholic extract of *** and *** showed the highest free radical scavenging(ABTS)and chelating capacity *** extracts showed minimum cytotoxicity in normal cell lines compared to tumor cell *** imitation hits reflected the multiple biological activities agreeing with the folk use and some scientific ***,we found the binding affinity of predicted anti-oxidant compounds with multiple protein molecules involved in oxidative ***:The present study reports the probable anti-oxidant mechanism for two folk agents and also presents probable pharmacological activities via computer simulations.

关键词： anti-oxidant cytotoxicity docking Duranta repens L. Ficus benghalensis L.

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A laser ablated graphene-based flexible self-powered pressure sensor for human gestures and finger pulse monitoring

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Nano Research 2019年第8期12卷 1789-1795页

作者： Partha Sarati Das Ashok Chhetry pukar Maharjan M. Salauddin Rasel Jae Yeong Park Micro/Nano Devices & Packaging Lab. Deptof Electronic Engineering Kwangwoon UniversitySeoul01897Republic of Korea

Flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs)-based pressure sensors are very essential for the wide-range applications, comprising wearable healthcare systems, intuitive human-device interfaces, electronic-skin (e-skin), and artificial intelligence. Most of conventional fabrication methods used to produce high-performance TENGs involve plasma treatment, photolithography, printing, and electro-deposition. However, these fabrication techniques are expensive, multi-step, time-consuming and not suitable for mass production, which are the main barriers for efficient and cost-effective commercialization of TENGs. Here, we established a highly reliable scheme for the fabrication of a novel eco-friendly, low cost, and TENG-based pressure sensor (TEPS) designed for usage in self-powered-human gesture detection (SP-HGD) likewise wearable healthcare applications. The sensors with microstructured electrodes performed well with high sensitivity (7.697 kPa^-1), a lower limit of detection (~ 1 Pa), faster response time ( 4,000 compression-releasing cycles. The proposed method is suitable for the adaptable fabrication of TEPS at an extremely low cost with possible applications in self-powered systems, especially e-skin and healthcare applications.

关键词： flexible laser ablated graphene self-powered triboelectric nanogenerator human gestures finger pulse

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Anthraquinone Derivatives as an Immune Booster and their Therapeutic Option Against COVID-19

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2020年第5期10卷 325-335页

作者： pukar Khanal B.M.Patil Jagdish Chand Yasmin Naaz Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology KLE College of PharmacyBelagaviKLE Academy of Higher Education and Research(KAHER)Belagavi 590010India Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry KLE College of PharmacyBelagaviKLE Academy of Higher Education and Research(KAHER)Belagavi 590010India

Anthraquinone derivatives are identified for their immune-boosting,anti-inflammatory,and anti-viral ***,the pre-sent study aimed to investigate the reported anthraquinone derivatives as immune booster molecules in COVID-19 infection and evaluate their binding affinity with three reported targets of novel coronavirus i.e.3C-like protease,papain-like protease,and spike *** reported anthraquinone derivatives were retrieved from an open-source database and filtered based on a positive druglikeness *** with positive druglikeness scores were predicted for their targets using DIGEP-Pred and the interaction among modulated proteins was evaluated using ***,the associated pathways were recorded concerning the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway ***,the docking was performed using autodock4 to identify the binding efficacy of anthraquinone derivatives with 3C-like protease,papain-like protease,and spike *** docking the pose of ligand scoring minimum binding energy was chosen to visualize the ligand-protein *** 101 bioactives,36 scored positive druglikeness score and regulated multiple pathways concerned with immune modulation and(non-)infectious ***,docking study revealed torososide B to possess the highest binding affinity with papain-like protease and 3C-like protease and 1,3,6-trihydroxy-2-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone-3-O-(6′-O-acetyl)-β-d-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranoside with spike protein.

关键词： 3CLpro Anthroquine derivatives Coronavirus COVID-19 Immune boost

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Mitigation of Unbalanced Voltage Sags and Voltage Unbalance in CIGRE Low Voltage Distribution Network

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Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第9期5卷 551-559页

作者： Ghullam Mustafa Bhutto Birgitte Bak-Jensen pukar Mahat Carlo Cecati Department of Energy Technology Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark Department of Energy Technology Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark Department of Electrical Power Quaid-E-Awam University of Sciences & Technology Nawabshah Pakistan Department of Information Engineering Computer Sciences and Mathematics Via G. Gronchi L’Aquila Italy

Any problem with voltage in a power network is undesirable as it aggravates the quality of the power. Power electronic devices such as Voltage Source Converter (VSC) based Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) etc. can be used to mitigate the voltage problems in the distribution system. The voltage problems dealt with in this paper are to show how to mitigate unbalanced voltage sags and voltage unbalance in the CIGRE Low Voltage (LV) test network and networks like this. The voltage unbalances, for the tested cases in the CIGRE LV test network are mainly due to single phase loads and due to unbalanced faults. The compensation of unbalanced voltage sags and voltage unbalance in the CIGRE distribution network is done by using the four STATCOM compensators already existing in the test grid. The simulations are carried out in DIgSILENT power factory software version 15.0.

关键词： Power Quality Unbalanced Voltage Sags Mitigation of Voltage Unbalance Voltage Unbalance Factor (VUF) Distributed Static Compensator (STATCOM)

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