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Assessing nest attentiveness of Common Terns via video cameras and temperature loggers

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Avian Research 2020年第3期11卷 284-301页

作者： Jeffery D.Sullivan Paul R.marbán Jennifer m.mullinax David F.Brinker Peter C.mcGowan Carl R.Callahan Diann J.prosser Natural Systems Analysts Winter ParkFL 32789USA marine Estuarineand Environmental Sciences ProgramUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Department of Environmental Science and Technology University of Maryland1443 Animal Sciences BldgCollege ParkMD 20742USA Department of Natural Resources Maryland Natural Heritage ProgramAnnapolisMD 21401USA Chesapeake Bay Field Office U.S.Fish and Wildlife ServiceAnnapolisMD 21401USA U.S.Geological Survey Patuxent Wildlife Research CenterLaurelMD 20708USA.

Background:While nest attentiveness plays a critical role in the reproductive success of avian species,nest attentiveness data with high temporal resolution is not available for many ***,improvements in both video monitoring and temperature logging devices present an opportunity to increase our understanding of this aspect of avian ***:To investigate nest attentiveness behaviors and evaluate these technologies,we monitored 13 nests across two Common Tern(Sterna hirundo)breeding colonies with a paired video camera-temperature logger approach,while monitoring 63 additional nests with temperature loggers *** occurred from may to August of 2017 on Poplar(Chesapeake Bay,maryland,USA)and Skimmer Islands(Isle of Wight Bay,maryland,USA).We examined data respective to four times of day:morning(civil dawn‒11:59),Peak(12:00‒16:00),Cooling(16:01‒civil dusk),and Night(civil dusk‒civil dawn).Results:While successful nests had mostly short duration off-bouts and maintained consistent nest attentiveness throughout the day,failed nests had dramatic reductions in nest attentiveness during the Cooling and Night periods(pment due to predation pressure from a Great Horned Owl(Bubo virginianus).Incubation appeared to ameliorate ambient temperatures during Night,as nests were significantly warmer during Night when birds were on versus off the nest(pmeanwhile,off-bouts during the Peak period occurred during higher ambient temperatures,perhaps due to adults leaving the nest during the hottest periods to perform belly ***,temperature logger data alone had limited ability to predict nest attentiveness status during shorter bouts,with results highly dependent on time of day and bout *** our methods did not affect hatching success(p>0.05),video-monitored nests did have significantly lower clutch sizes(p<0.05).Conclusions:The paired use of iButtons and video ca

关键词： Common Tern iButton Nest attentiveness Sterna hirundo Temperature logger Video monitoring

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m & m?

汽车与运动 2014年第6期 100-104页

作者： Dan prosser Dean Smith 王兴宇

m235i这辆车带有"m"标识,但BmW却没有按照m家族命名体系给它"正名"。这辆双门轿跑车是否还具备纯正的"m"血统?为此,我们特地找到一辆跟他售价相近的二手E92 m3,通过对比来验证一下它的成色如何费劲干辛万苦,我们赶在日出之前到达了布雷... 详细信息

m235i这辆车带有"m"标识,但BmW却没有按照m家族命名体系给它"正名"。这辆双门轿跑车是否还具备纯正的"m"血统?为此,我们特地找到一辆跟他售价相近的二手E92 m3,通过对比来验证一下它的成色如何费劲干辛万苦,我们赶在日出之前到达了布雷肯山顶,但是事情往往不会一帆风顺——大雨在我们之前来到了这里。东方一大片乌云将我们希冀的一轮红日遮了个严实,更别提那夹杂着冰陵的刺骨寒风了。在这样的天气下,我们惟一能做的,就是躲在车内以免被冻伤。在m235i车内暖风的照料下,我凝视着车窗外的那辆E92 m3,开始从久远的记忆中梳理出关于它的点点线索。隆起的引擎盖。

关键词：一轮红日日出之前购车计划做事方式给你限滑差速器手动变速器从车抓地力冰棱

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比赛结果

汽车与运动 2017年第1期 86-89页

作者： Dan prosser

评委投票结束,票数统计完成,下面可以开始倒数了第十二位宝马m2七名评委中的五位把他投到了最后一名,m2最终排名垫底。在evo年度车中没有烂车,他们只是遇到了在这12个月中上市的一票最棒的性能车对手。"m2只是没法让我兴奋,"Stuart Gall...

评委投票结束,票数统计完成,下面可以开始倒数了第十二位宝马m2七名评委中的五位把他投到了最后一名,m2最终排名垫底。在evo年度车中没有烂车,他们只是遇到了在这12个月中上市的一票最棒的性能车对手。"m2只是没法让我兴奋,"Stuart Gallagher评论道,"后悬架对最小的颠簸是超敏感的,它需要太长的时间去恢复稳定。发动机完全不带有参与感,账面数据是完全没问题的,但缺乏实际感觉。"

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BmW m235i v BmW m2

汽车与运动 2017年第2期 68-71页

作者： Dan prosser Richard meaden Jethro Bovingdon Nick Trott Aston Parrott 罗新雨

在赛道m235i或许也挂着m标,但这个m完全可以被看做主流(mainstream)而不是汽车运动(motorsport)的首字母。在暖胎圈里,直列六缸机开起来感觉积极而有劲儿,手动变速器很好很快,底盘十分平衡。不过一旦开始飞驰圈跑个圈速,这种好感觉就烟... 详细信息

在赛道m235i或许也挂着m标,但这个m完全可以被看做主流(mainstream)而不是汽车运动(motorsport)的首字母。在暖胎圈里,直列六缸机开起来感觉积极而有劲儿,手动变速器很好很快,底盘十分平衡。不过一旦开始飞驰圈跑个圈速,这种好感觉就烟消云散了。入弯时轮胎的抓地完全不够,你必须接受一个中性至推头的姿态,不能乱了阵脚。

关键词： BmW m235i v BmW m2

BmW X6 m 路虎揽胜运动版SVR 保时捷Cayenne Turbo

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汽车与运动 2015年第9期 42-47页

作者： Dan prosser Aston Parrott 吕思达

简单来说，一辆高性能SUV应该能够给人留下深刻的印象并且具备广泛的能力，但这很难逃脱让它们看上去显得格格不入。作为一辆高大、沉重的越野车，它们却很少标榜自己的越野能力，因为这对于一辆性能车来说，绝对是最糟糕的起点。

关键词：保时捷Cayenne 运动性 SVR 越野性能路虎越野能力 SUV 越野车

它的实用性如何? GT4 V BmW m4 COmPETITION PACKAGE

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汽车与运动 2016年第5期 69-69页

作者： DAN prosser ASTON PARROTT

考虑到CAYmAN GT4在m4竞赛版放了一对很有用的座椅的地方塞进了一台发动机,如果我说它和这辆宝马有着同等的实用性,肯定会有人说我没道理。GT4的Cup 2轮胎攻击性很强,在湿地上要格外小心,而且这款车不能选装自动变速器,但要论作为日常用... 详细信息

考虑到CAYmAN GT4在m4竞赛版放了一对很有用的座椅的地方塞进了一台发动机,如果我说它和这辆宝马有着同等的实用性,肯定会有人说我没道理。GT4的Cup 2轮胎攻击性很强,在湿地上要格外小心,而且这款车不能选装自动变速器,但要论作为日常用车GT4不如m4的地方,恐怕也就只有这几点了。

关键词： PACKAGE GT4 BmW 自动变速器发动机 Cup 攻击性座椅

Effects of Zinc and Ascorbic Acid Application on the Growth and Photosynthetic Pigments of millet Plants Grown under Different Salinity

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Agricultural Sciences 2014年第13期5卷 1253-1260页

作者： m. m. Hussein A. K. Alva Water Relations and Irrigation Department National Research Centre Cairo Egypt USDA-ARS Vegetable and Forage Crops Research Unit Prosser WA USA

Salinity stress impacts crop growth as well as production. The need for increased food production to feed the increasing population and the limited resources, i.e. optimal quality land and water, require developing strategies to mitigate marginal stresses, including salinity stress, for reasonable expectation of crop production. A pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt in the summer season of 2005 to evaluate the effects of foliar application of ascorbic acid alone or in combination with zinc sulfate on the growth and photosynthetic pigments of millet plants irrigated by tap water (250 ppm, 0.39 dS·m-1) or moderate to high salinity irrigation water [2500 ppm (3.9 dS·m-1) and 5000 ppm (7.8 dS·m-1)]. Increased salinity in the irrigation water decreased the plant growth, biomass, and carotenoid content. Foliar application of ascorbic acid alone increased number of leaves and leaf area, while in combination with zinc sulfate increased the plant height and total plant biomass. However, these treatments had no significant effects on the photosynthetic pigments. This study demonstrates that exogenous application of ascorbic acid can enhance foliar growth which may contribute to increased plant biomass and yield.

关键词： Salinity Stress Chlorophyll_a Chlorophyll_b Carotenoids Foliar Spray

Response of Jatropha on a Clay Soil to Different Concentrations of micronutrients

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第10期3卷 1376-1381页

作者： A. A. Abd El-Kader m. m. Hussein A. K. Alva Soils and Water Use Department National Research Center Cairo Egypt United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service Vegetable and Forage Research Prosser USA Water Relations and Field Irrigation Department National Research Center Cairo Egypt

In recent years Jatropha curcas L. has emerged as a biofuel crop with potential for its production in marginal land with application of treated sewage water. Since this is a new crop for its profitable cultivation, additional research is needed to develop optimal management programs, including macro and micronutrients applications. A pot experiment was conducted in a Greenhouse at the National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt, during 2010 summer to evaluate effects of varying concentrations of iron (Fe), manganese (mn), and zinc (Zn) in irrigation water (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 ppm) on the growth, biomass production, photosynthetic pigments, and mineral nutrients status in the plants. Increasing concentrations of Fe, mn, and Zn in irrigation water up to 150 ppm increased the biomass weight, photosynthetic pigments, and nutrient uptake by Jatropha plants. Further increase in concentrations of micronutrients showed negative effects on the above response parameters. Therefore, this study demonstrates that Jatropha can be grown under irrigation using waste water containing reasonable concentrations of micronutrients and heavy metals. This property of Jatropha provides some support for potential use of this crop for phytoremediation of metal contaminated soils. However, long term field research is needed to further verify both the above beneficial effects.

关键词： Irrigation Growth Jatropha curcas L. mineral nutrition Photosynthetic Pigments Heavy metals Sewage Sludge

Growth, Yield and Water Use Effeciency of Forage <i>Sorghum</i>as Affected by Npk Fertilizer and Deficit Irrigation

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第13期5卷 2134-2140页

作者： mohamed m. Hussein Ashok K. Alva USDA-ARS Prosser WA USA Water Relations and Irrigation Department National Research Centre Cairo Egypt

Drought stress (DS) is an important limiting factor for crop growth and production in some regions of the world. Limitation in water availability precludes optimal irrigation in some production regions. Therefore, investigations on the interaction of other factors to mitigate the DS to varying degree are important. Two field experiments were conducted in the experimental farm of the National Research Centre, Shalakan, Kalubia Governorate, Egypt, during 2004 and 2005 summer seasons to evaluate the interactions between N, P, K rates and optimal vs. deficit irrigation regimes on biomass yield as well as water use efficiency (WUE) of forage sorghum. Omission of the 4th irrigation significantly decreased the biomass of sorghum c.v. Pioneer, as compared to that of the plants receiving optimal irrigation or subject to omission of the 2nd irrigation. The biomass yield increased with an increase in NPK fertilizer rates. Plant height and leaf area also decreased by omitting the 2nd irrigation as compared to that of the plants under optimal irrigation, and further declined with omission of the 4th irrigation. The biomass of the plants (dry weight basis) that received the high N, P, K rates was greater by 26%, 29%, and 35% as compared to that of the plants that received no N, P, K fertilizers, under optimal irrigation, omission of the 2nd, and omission of the 4th irrigation, respectively. The corresponding increases in water use efficiency (based on fresh weight yield) were 37%, 42%, and 55%.

关键词： Sorghum-Forage-Omitting of Irrigation-NPK Fertilizer-Growth Yield-Water Use Efficiency