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Up-regulation of oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain of albino wistar rats following sub-acute administration of Synclisia scabrida root extract

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TMR Integrative Medicine 2022年第30期6卷 1-7页

作者： Emmanuel Uchechukwu Modo Ijeoma Nina Eke Utibe Evans Bassey Anthony Chibuzor Nnamudi Ekam Ime Akpakpan Okon Effiom Etim Iheanyichukwu Wopara prosper great legborsi Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesPAMO University of Medical SciencesPort HarcourtRivers StateNigeria Department of Biochemistry Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtRivers StateNigeria

Objective: Synclisia scabrida is a medicinal plant used over the years for the treatment ofseveral medical conditions yet there is paucity of information on its systemic and organspecific toxicity. Consequently, sub-acute neurotoxicity of root extract of Synclisia scabridawas evaluated in albino Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty male albino rats with average weightof 140g were randomized into 5 groups consisting of 6 rats in each group. Group 1 was thecontrol while 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg of the root extract wereadministered to Groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively for 28 days. Malondialdehyde,glutathione, nitric oxide, protein, tumour necrosis factor-α, acetylcholine, catalase andacetylcholinesterase levels were measured in brain homogenates. Body weight of theanimals and histology of the hippocampus and cerebral cortex were evaluated. Results:Root extract of Synclisia scabrida was observed to increase malondialdehyde concentrationand decrease antioxidants biomarkers when compared with the control. Significantly(p<0.05) increased TNF-α concentration and acetylcholinesterase activity caused by theextract when compared with the control was observed. The concentration of acetylcholinesignificantly decreased in Synclisia scabrida treated groups in comparison with the control.The histomorphology of the hippocampus and cerebral cortex revealed pyknotic pyramidalneurons in Synclisia scabrida treated rat relative to the control with normal pyramidalneurons. The body weight of the extract treated groups were significantly decreased whencompared to the control Group. Conclusion: The study has demonstrated that the rootextract of Synclisia scabrida induces and up-regulates oxidative stress and inflammation inthe brain of male albino Wistar rat coupled with reduced acetylcholine concentration hencethe extract possesses neurotoxic potentials.

关键词： Synclisia scabrida oxidative stress antioxidant inflammation neurotoxicity

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Diophantine Quotients and Remainders with Applications to Fermat and Pythagorean Equations

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American Journal of Computational Mathematics 2023年第1期13卷 199-210页

作者： prosper Kouadio Kimou François Emmanuel Tanoé Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Félix Houphouet-Boigny National Polytechnic Institute Yamoussoukro Ivory Coast UFR Mathematics of Computer Science Université Félix Houphouet-Boigny Abidjan Ivory Coast

Diophantine equations have always fascinated mathematicians about existence, finitude, and the calculation of possible solutions. Among these equations, one of them will be the object of our research. This is the Pythagoras’- Fermat’s equation defined as follows. (1) when , it is well known that this equation has an infinity of solutions but has none (non-trivial) when . We also know that the last result, named Fermat-Wiles theorem (or FLT) was obtained at great expense and its understanding remains out of reach even for a good fringe of professional mathematicians. The aim of this research is to set up new simple but effective tools in the treatment of Diophantine equations and that of Pythagoras-Fermat. The tools put forward in this research are the properties of the quotients and the Diophantine remainders which we define as follows. Let a non-trivial triplet () solution of Equation (1) such that . and are called the Diophantine quotients and remainders of solution . We compute the remainder and the quotient of b and c by a using the division algorithm. Hence, we have: and et with . We prove the following important results. if and only if and if and only if . Also, we deduce that or for any hypothetical solution . We illustrate these results by effectively computing the Diophantine quotients and remainders in the case of Pythagorean triplets using a Python program. In the end, we apply the previous properties to directly prove a partial result of FLT. .

关键词： Diophantine Equation Modular Arithmetic Fermat-Wiles Theorem Pythagorean Triplets Division Theorem Division Algorithm Python Program Diophantine Quotients Diophantine Remainders

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Design and Construction of Axial Mode Mono-Filar Helical Antenna for Hydrogen Line Emission Studies with 4NEC2 Tool

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Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2022年第3期10卷 29-44页

作者： Emmanuel Okpanachi Musa Ikechukwu Anthony Obi Eugene Anibe Idogbe Jacob Okpe Ali Cyril Osamhonyi Ogbeiwi prosper Chukwuebuka Chukwuka Ndubuisi Francis Eze NASRDA-Centre for Basic Space Science Nsukka Nigeria University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria

Antennas have come to play a significant role in the reception and transmission of electromagnetic radiation or signals which in turn have improved scientific research in the various areas where they have been used. Astronomy is not left out;as a study of everything beyond earth’s atmosphere, useful signals have to travel great distances to reach us. Hence the need for equipment to detect such signals. The Helical Antenna is known to possess high gain (directivity) and can process signals with any type of orientation/polarization which implies high sensitivity hence the desire to use it. Simulation was done using the legacy 4NEC2 software. The purpose of this paper is to design a circularly polarized helical antenna operating in axial mode that is suitable for detection of neutral hydrogen line emission at the frequency of 1420 MHz and to show how it can be used as a feed for an off-set parabolic dish.

关键词： Helical Antenna Hydrogen Line 4NEC2 Perspex Glass Offset Parabolic Dish

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Larvicidal activities of hydro-ethanolic extracts of three Cameroonian medicinal plants against Aedes albopictus

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第11期6卷 931-936页

作者： Tankeu Nzufo Francine Biapa Nya prosper Cabral Pieme Constant Anatole Moukette Moukette Bruno Nanfack Pauline Ngogang Yonkeu Jeanne Laboratory of Biochemistry Department of Biochemistry and Physiological Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Laboratory of Sustainable Management of the Agro-ecosystems ENEA-Italian National Agency for New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic Development Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biochemistry Food Science and Nutrition Department of Biochemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Dschang

Objective: To investigate the larvicidal activity of Syzygium guineense(Myrtaceae)(S. guineense), Monodora myristica and Zanthoxylum heitzii(Rutaceae)(Z. heitzii) extracts against Aedes albopictus(Ae. albopictus).Methods: The larvicidal activity of the hydro-ethanolic extracts from these plant species was assessed at three different concentrations(50, 100 and 200 mg/L) on first-instar of Ae. albopictus larvae in comparison with untreated controls. Mortality rate was recorded daily for a period of 12 days. The values of LC_(50) and lethal time killing 50% of the tested individuals(LT_(50)) were calculated using the log-probit analysis.Results: The root extract of S. guineense exhibited the best activity with 100% mortality after 8 days of treatment at 200 mg/L, followed by the fruit extract of Z. heitzii with83.33% mortality at the same concentration. Nonetheless, larvae were most susceptible to the fruit extract of Z. heitzii both in terms of LC_(50)(39.89 mg/L) and LT_(50)(145.68 h). A statistically significant difference between the control and the group treated at 200 mg/L was noticed in all the extracts.Conclusions: The present study shows that the hydro-ethanolic extracts of S. guineense,Monodora myristica and Z. heitzii tested have significant larvicidal activity. These preliminary results are of great interest and some of these plant species can be proposed for the formulation of new bioinsecticides to control Ae. albopictus populations.

关键词： Aedes albopictus Larvicides Plant extracts Syzygium guineense Zanthoxylum heitzii

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The Prevalence and Presentation Pattern of Diabetes Mellitus in Patients at Imo State University Teaching Hospital (IMSUTH) Orlu and Imo State Specialist Hospital (IMSSH) Umuguma Owerri (A 10-Year Retrospective Study: 1st November 2004 to 31st October 2013)

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2015年第2期5卷 49-57页

作者： prosper Obunikem Uchechukwu Adogu Henry Nnaemeka Chineke Morris Uzoma Ewuzie Okezie Oguamanam Enwere Nonye Bibiana Egenti Department of Community Medicine Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi Nigeria Department of Family Medicine Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of Accident and Emergency Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of Internal Medicine Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of Community Medicine University of Abuja Teaching Hospital Abuja Nigeria

Background: The rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus imposes great burden on health worldwide. The burden is enormous in terms of pressure on existing human and material health resources. Diabetes is insidious in onset and has many patterns of presentation which often militates against early detection and diagnosis. Thus most patients present late with the exacerbation of symptoms and complications. Objective: To determine the prevalence and pattern of presentation of diabetes mellitus among patients attending Imo State University Teaching Hospital (IMSUTH) Orlu and Imo State Specialist Hospital (IMSSH) Umuguma Owerri, both in Imo State, Nigeria. Methodology: A retrospective study of the prevalence and pattern of presentation of diabetes mellitus. A total of 2028 patients had diabetes mellitus. Using data collection proforma, information relating to their pattern of presentation such as symptoms and complications, as well as their sociodemography was collected from the case folders. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17 and results presented in frequency tables and pie charts. Result: A total of 18,912 patients attended the designated hospitals within the period under review, out of which 2028 were diabetic giving a prevalence of 107.2 per 1000 patients (10.7%). Out of these 2028 diabetic patients studied, 75% (1521) had onset of the diseases at the age of 40 years and above, while the remaining 25% (507) had the onset of the diseases before the age of 40 years. The most affected group was in the age range of 51 - 60 years, 585 (28.7%), while the least affected age group was 1 - 10 years, 6 (0.31%). The commonest symptom at presentation was polyuria 2028 (100%), followed closely by polydypsia 1939 (95.6%), while the least presenting symptoms were vaginal discharge and erectile dysfunction 27 (1.35%) respectively. Overall, the symptoms at presentation were polyuria, polydysia, weight loss, fever, blurred vision, paraesthesia, vaginal discharge, erectile dysfunction etc. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus is a chro

关键词： Prevalence Pattern Diabetes Mellitus IMSUTH IMSSH

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Knowledge, Attitude and Practices towards Hepatitis B Infection and Vaccination among Public Health Students in Ghana

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021年第1期11卷 43-53页

作者： Augustine Kumah Emmanuel Tormeti Gideon Dzando Hillary Selassi Nutakor Wonder Andrea Yayra Amenuvor Charles Komla Anagblah Honore Mordenu Evans Awutey Hope Akpeke prosper Kpobi Department of Community Health Ensign College of Public Health Kpong Ghana Department of Nursing Anfoega Catholic Hospital Afoega Ghana Department of Nursing Flinders University Adelaide Australia Department of Mental Health Accra Psychiatric Hospital Accra Ghana Department of Oncology Ghana Health Service Ho Ghana Department of Nursing Krachi West District Hospital Krachi Ghana Department of Nursing University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Department of Pediatrics Krachi West District Hospital Krachi Ghana Department of Nursing Jasikan District Hospital Jasikan Ghana Department of Monitoring and Evaluation Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital Accra Ghana

Background: Hepatitis-B (Hep-B) infection is a global public health problem of great concern which affects more than 5% of the local population in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study assessed students’ knowledge, attitude and practices towards Hepatitis B infection and vaccination at the University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ghana. Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative descriptive survey was conducted among 262 Public Health students of the University of Health and Allied Science of the Volta region of Ghana, using a multi-stage sampling technique in selecting participants. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the participants. Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 20.1. Results: Study respondents were mostly males, forming 69.8% as against 30.2% of their female counterparts. All (262) respondents had knowledge on Hep-B infection and the availability of a vaccine for preventing Hepatitis infection. However, despite their knowledge of existence, the majority (56.9%) of the respondents felt they did not need to be protected from Hep-B infection. Majority (58.8%) of the total respondents have been vaccinated against Hep-B infection. The study identified the cost of vaccines as a major setback to non-vaccination. However, out of the 41.2% respondents who were not vaccinated against Hep B infection, majority (50.9%) of them were not willing to be vaccinated even if it was offered to them at no cost. Conclusion: There was a significantly high level of knowledge on Hep-B infection and the availability of vaccine for Hep-B infection among students. However, the majority of the respondents felt they did not need to be protected from Hep-B infection. More education is needed on the importance of vaccination as an effective measure for controlling Hepatitis infection.

关键词： Knowledge Practice Attitude Hepatitis B Students Ghana

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Anderson-Hines Open Pyeloplasty in the Treatment of Pyelo-Ureteral Junction Syndrome: Results from 36 Cases

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Open Journal of Urology 2019年第9期9卷 131-139页

作者： Anani Wencesl Severin Odzébé Caryne Mboutol-Mandavo Aristide Steve Ondziel Opara Lucie Irene Patricia Ondima Armel Melvin Ondongo Atipo Rolland Bertile Banga Mouss prosper Alain Bouya Department of Urology and Andrology University Hospital Brazzaville Congo Department of Padiatric Surgery Faculty of Health Science University Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo

Goal: To evaluate the results and complications of open pyeloplasty according to Anderson-Hynestechnic. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study from 2000 to 2014. The study included 36 cases of opening the ureteropyelic junction operated pit syndrome according to Anderson-Hynes technique. Results: Lumbotomy was used in all patients. A pelvic pyelolithotomy for lithiasis was performed in two patients (5.5%) and unwinding of a lower polar pedicle in 3 cases (8.3%). The average duration of response was 119 ± 15 min. The average length of hospital stay was 11.2 ± 3 days. Patients were followed for a mean of 10 months. Thirty-five patients were asymptomatic and in one case lower back pain persisted. IVU to 6 months showed a permeable junction in 97.2% of cases. Seven patients (19.4%) had short-term complications. Ureteropelvic stenosis was the only complication in the medium and long term in one case (2.8%). The success rate of the Pyeloplasty was 97.2%. Conclusion: The open pyeloplasty as Anderson-Hynes remains the treatment of choice in our context SJPU with great results. The indications tend to decrease in favor of laparoscopic pyeloplasty.

关键词： Hydronephrosis Pyeloplasty Anderson Hynes Open Surgery

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