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Experimental p-y curves for liquefied soils from centrifuge tests

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2021年第4期20卷 863-876页

作者： Suresh R.Dash Subhamoy bhattacharya School of Infrastructure Indian Institute of Technology BhubaneswarIndia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of SurreyUK

The present study aims to obtain p-y curves(Winkler spring properties for lateral pile-soil interaction)for liquefied soil from 12 comprehensive centrifuge test cases where pile groups were embedded in liquefiable *** p-y curve for fully liquefied soil is back-calculated from the dynamic centrifuge test data using a numerical procedure from the recorded soil response and strain records from the instrumented *** p-y curves were obtained for two ground conditions:(a)lateral spreading of liquefied soil,and(b)liquefied soil in level *** ground conditions are simulated in the model by having collapsing and non-collapsing intermittent boundaries,which are modelled as quay *** p-y curves back-calculated from the centrifuge tests are compared with representative reduced API p-y curves for liquefied soils(known as p-multiplier).The response of p-y curves at full liquefaction is presented and critical observations of lateral pile-soil interaction are *** on the results of these model tests,guidance for the construction of p-y curves for use in engineering practice is also provided.

关键词： liquefaction pile foundation p-y curve centrifuge test

Contribution from normal and starburst galaxies to the extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGRB)

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2009年第5期9卷 509-519页

作者： Debbijoy bhattacharya Parameswaran Sreekumar Department of Physics Indian Institute of Science Space Astronomy & Instrumentation Division ISRO Satellite Centre

The extragalactic diffuse emission at γ-ray energies has interesting cosmological implications since these photons suffer little or no attenuation during their propagation from the site of origin. The emission could originate from either truly diffuse processes or from unresolved point sources such as AGNs, normal galaxies and starburst galaxies. Here, we examine the unresolved point source origin of the extragalactic γ-ray background emission from normal galaxies and starburst galaxies. γ-ray emission from normal galaxies is primarily coming from cosmic-ray interactions with interstellar matter and radiation （-90%） along with a small contribution from discrete point sources （-10%）. Starburst galaxies are expected to have enhanced supernovae activity which leads to higher cosmic-ray densities, making starburst galaxies sufficiently luminous atγ-ray energies to be detected by the current γ-ray mission （Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope）.

关键词： galaxy general -- galaxies luminosity function -- galaxies starburst -- gamma-rays observations

GDM： A New Graph Based Data Model Using Functional Abstractionx

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2006年第3期21卷 430-438页

作者： Sankhayan Choudhury Nabendu Chaki Swapan bhattacharya Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Calcutta India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jadavpur University India

In this paper, a Graph-based semantic Data Model （GDM） is proposed with the primary objective of bridging the gap between the human perception of an enterprise and the needs of computing infrastructure to organize information in some particular manner for efficient storage and retrieval. The Graph Data Model （GDM） has been proposed as an alternative data model to combine the advantages of the relational model with the positive features of semantic data models. The proposed GDM offers a structural representation for interacting to the designer, making it always easy to comprehend the complex relations amongst basic data items. GDM allows an entire database to be viewed as a Graph （V, E） in a layered organization. Here, a graph is created in a bottom up fashion where V represents the basic instances of data or a functionally abstracted module, called primary semantic group （PSG） and secondary semantic group （SSG）. An edge in the model implies the relationship among the secondary semantic groups. The contents of the lowest layer are the semantically grouped data values in the form of primary semantic groups. The SSGs are nothing but the higher-level abstraction and are created by the method of encapsulation of various PSGs, SSGs and basic data elements. This encapsulation methodology to provide a higher-level abstraction continues generating various secondary semantic groups until the designer thinks that it is sufficient to declare the actual problem domain. GDM, thus, uses standard abstractions available in a semantic data model with a structural representation in terms of a graph. The operations on the data model are formalized in the proposed graph algebra. A Graph Query Language （GQL） is also developed, maintaining similarity with the widely accepted user-friendly SQL. Finally, the paper also presents the methodology to make this GDM compatible with the distributed environment, and a corresponding query processing technique for distributed environment is also sugg

关键词： graph data model semantic group semantic data model distributed database fragmentation and allocation schema

Evaluation of factors affecting the edge formability of two hot rolled multiphase steels

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第2期25卷 199-215页

作者： Monideepa Mukherjee Sumit Tiwari Basudev bhattacharya Research and Development TATA STEELJamshedpur 831001India PSG College of Technology Coimbatore 641004India

In this study, the effect of various factors on the hole expansion ratio and hence on the edge formability of two hot rolled multiphase steels, one with a ferrite–martensite microstructure and the other with a ferrite-bainite microstructure, was investigated through systematic microstructural and mechanical characterization. The study revealed that the microstructure of the steels, which determines their strain hardening capacity and fracture resistance, is the principal factor controlling edge formability. The influence of other factors such as tensile strength, ductility, anisotropy, and thickness, though present, are secondary. A critical evaluation of the available empirical models for hole expansion ratio prediction is also presented.

关键词： stretch flanging hole expansion ratio martensite bainite edge formability multiphase steels

The relation between a microscopic threshold-force model and macroscopic models of adhesion

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2017年第3期33卷 508-515页

作者： Srivatsan Hulikal Kaushik bhattacharya Nadia Lapusta School of Engineering Brown University Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering California Institute of Technology

This paper continues our recent work on the relationship between discrete contact interactions at the microscopic scale and continuum contact interactions at the macroscopic scale (Hulikal et al., J. Mech. Phys. Solids 76, 144-161, 2015). The focus of this work is on adhesion. We show that a collection of a large number of discrete elements governed by a threshold-force based model at the microscopic scale collectively gives rise to continuum fracture mechanics at the macroscopic scale. A key step is the introduction of an efficient numerical method that enables the computation of a large number of discrete contacts. Finally, while this work focuses on scaling laws, the methodology introduced in this paper can also be used to study rough-surface adhesion.

关键词： Adhesion Threshold-force model Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) theory Fracture Fast Multipole Method

Therapeutic methods for diarrhea in children

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第4期6卷 497-500页

作者： S.K. bhattacharya Director National Institute of Cholera and Enteric DiseasesP-33CIT Road.Scheme XMBeliaghataCalcutta 700010INDIA

DEFINITIONAcute diarrhoea is defined as passage of loose or waterystools at least three times in a 24 h *** loosestools contain blood,it is called bloody diarrhoea(dysentery).It is the consistency of the stools which ismost important rather than the ***-fed babiesoften pass'pasty'stools frequently which is not *** raother can often tell accurately whether child hasdiarrhoea or not.

关键词： diarrhea infantile/therapy dehydration antibiotics infusion intravenous water-electrolyte balance antidiarrheals nutritional requirements

Impairment of the Regulation of Gonadal Function in Channa punctatus by Metacid-50 and Carbaryl under Laboratory and Field Conditions

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1990年第1期3卷 106-112页

作者： PROBODH GHOSH SAMIR bhattacharya SHELLEY bhattacharya Environmental Toxicology Laboratory Visva-Bharati University Santiniketan-731 235. India Endocrinology Laboratory Department of Zoology Visva-Bharati University Santiniketan-731 235. India

Regulation of gonadal function by gonadotropic hormone (GtH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in Channa punctatus was significantly affected by nonlethal levels of Metacid-50 and Carbaryl. Under laboratory conditions, the time-dependent decrease in serum GtH level was higher in Carbaryl-treated fish than in Metacid-50-treated fish. The situation was reversed in the field, with a higher inhibitory effect of Metacid-50 being recorded. On the other hand, pituitary GtH content and GnRH activity were inhibited to a greater extent by Metacid-50 than by Carbaryl under both field and laboratory conditions. The present findings highlight that even low doses of Metacid-50 and Carbaryl are effective enough to cause reproductive damage, as evidenced by homeostatic unbalance of the reproductive regulatory system. 1990 Academic Press. Inc.

关键词： Impairment of the Regulation of Gonadal Function in Channa punctatus by Metacid-50 and Carbaryl under Laboratory and Field Conditions GtH

The~1.4 GaA-type granitoids in the“Chottanagpur crustal block”(India),and its relocation from Columbia to Rodinia?

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第2期13卷 405-429页

作者： Nicole Sequeira Abhijit bhattacharya Elizabeth Bell Department of Geology and Geophysics Indian Institute of TechnologyKharagpur 721302India Department of Earth Planetary and Space SciencesUniversity of California595 Charles Young Drive EastLos AngelesCA 90095-1567USA School of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric SciencesGoa UniversityTaleigaoGoa 403516India

In paleogeographic reconstructions of the Columbia and Rodinia Supercontinents,the position of the Greater India landmass is ***,coupled with a limited understanding of the tectonic evolution of the mobile belts along which the mosaic of crustal domains in India accreted,impedes precise correlation among the dispersed crustal fragments in supercontinent *** structural,metamorphic phase equilibria,chronological and geochemical investigations,this study aims to reconstruct the tectonic evolution of the Chottanagpur Gneiss Complex(CGC)as a distinct crustal block at the eastern end of the Greater Indian Proterozoic Fold Belt(GIPFOB)along which the North India Block(NIB)and the South India Block(SIB)*** study focuses on two issues,*** the Early Neoproterozoic(0.92 Ga)accretion of the CGC with the NIB contemporaneous with the assembly of Rodinia,and documenting the widespread(>24,000 km^(2))plutonism of1.5-1.4 Ga weakly peraluminous,calc-alkalic to alkali-calcic and ferroan A-type granitoids(±garnet)devoid of mafic microgrannular enclaves and coeval mafic emplacements in the crustal *** dominantly within-plate granitoids arguably formed by asthenospheric upwelling induced partial melting of garnetbearing anatectic quartzofeldspathic gneisses that dominate the Early Mesoproterozoic basement of the *** major and trace element chemistry of the granitoids is similar to the 1.35-1.45 Ga A-type granitoids in Laurentia/Amazonia emplaced contemporaneous with the 1.5-1.3 Ga breakup of the Columbia *** study suggests the Chottanagpur Gneiss Complex occured as a fragmented crustal block following the breakup of the Columbia Supercontinent;the crustal block was subsequently integrated within India during the Early Neoproterozoic oblique accretion between the NIB and SIB contemporaneous with the Rodinia Supercontinent assembly.

关键词： Chottanagpur Gneiss Complex Rodinia accretion Columbia Supercontinent break up Mid-Mesoproterozoic ferroan A-type granitoids

Palaeogeographic reconstruction of a fluvio-marine transitional system in Narmada rift basin, India——Implications on Late Cretaceous global sea-level rise

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2021年第1期10卷 76-97页

作者： Biplab bhattacharya Suparna Jha Prantik Mondal Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of TechnologyRoorkee 247667India Geological Survey of India Jabalpur 482003India

Rising sea-levels in tectonically active epicontinental basins often lead to varied depositional settings and palaeogeography, mostly influenced by the net accommodation resulting from mutual interference of the extent and nature of landward encroachment by the sea and the net sedimentation. The Cenomanian Nimar Sandstone Formation, Bagh Group, Narmada rift basin, uniquely portrays the effect of sea-level rise within an intra-cratonic setting and attributes to the corresponding palaeogeographic changes in west-central India. An integrated sedimentological–sequence-stratigraphic study of the broadly fining-upward Nimar Sandstone Formation(thickness~ 20–30 m) depicts the actual nature of changeover from a fluvial to a marine-dominated transitional depositional setting. Detailed sedimentological study reveals total seventeen facies, grouped in five facies associations, viz., the channel-fill facies association(FA-1), the overbank facies association(FA-2), the fluvial-dominated fluvio-tidal facies association(FA-3), the tide-dominated fluvio-tidal facies association(FA-4), and the shoreface facies association(FA-5). Overall facies architecture indicates a west-to-eastward marine encroachment, resulting in stacking of three distinct palaeo-depositional conditions:(i) an initial fluvial system with channel and overbank, changing into a tideinfluenced fluvial bay-head delta in the inner estuary, followed by(ii) marine encroachment leading to a tidedominated central estuary with inter-to sub-tidal settings, and finally,(iii) with further intense marine encroachments, a wave-reworked open shore condition in the outer estuary zone. The overall fining-up succession with a systematic change from fluvial to marine-dominated depositional systems points to a landward shift of the shoreline, signifying a major transgressive event correlated to the Cenomanian global sea-level rise. Characteristic stratal stacking patterns point to four coarsening-and fining-up hemicycles, embedded w

关键词： Late Cretaceous Fluvial-estuary transition Nimar Sandstone Formation Bagh Group Narmada rift basin Transgressive–regressive cycles Global sea-level