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Research in Agrometeorolgy on Fodder Crops in Central India—An Overview

Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2014年第1期4卷 78-91页

作者： Suchit k. Rai probir k. ghosh Sunil k.mar Jitendra B. Singh Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute Jhansi India

Livestock.rearing is one of the major occupations in India and is mak.ng significant contribution to the country GDP. The regional and seasonal variations in the teperature and rainfall distribution have been the major factors influencing the economy of a region. It is a matter of serious concern that out of 11 districts of central India, 9 districts are showing increasing trend in maximum temperature with a rate of 0.01°C to 0.15°C/year. A significant long-term decreasing trend (Slope = -4.26) was found in annual rainfall series at Jhansi. At Jhansi, moderate to severe drought occurs once in five years. But in the last decade, 7 years experienced moderate to disastrous drought in Jhansi region, wherein rainfall deficiency ranged between 40% and 60% from normal value. Of special mention was the year, 2006, which experienced a worst drought ever recorded for this region. Studies related to crop simulation model was carried out for fodder sorghum and its application for agronomic management and assessing the impact of climate change. Crop modeling studies on forage sorghum (C4) and cowpea (C3) showed increased dry matter biomass by 3% in sorghum but more prominent in cowpea by 46% under elevated CO2 from 330 ppm to 770 ppm. The interaction study of enhanced CO2 and temperature showed prominent negative impact on yields of both the crops. Evapotranspiration and crop coefficient (k.) of several fodder crops i.e. berseem, lucerne, oat, sorghum, teosinte, maize + cowpea, guinea + berseem were work.d out. In berseem, the highest k. (1.81) was found during 2nd cutting followed by 3rd and 4th cuts. Estimates on irrigation scheduling for the guinea grass + berseem showed that the cropping system requires 7 irrigations at an interval ranging from 13 to 30 days to fulfill the 567.6 mm of water per season as net irrigation under mar soil (black. type whose actual water holding capacity (AWHC) is 175 mm. Similarly, if the cropping system is grown under k.bar (AHWC = 140 mm) soil,

关键词： Temperature Rainfall Trend Drought Crop Simulation Model Climate Change Validation Calibiration Sensitivity Analysis Climate Risk Management Evapotranspiration Crop Coefficient Degree-Day Model and Growth Models

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Double mulching improves soil properties and productivity of maize-based cropping system in eastern Indian Himalayas

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第3期8卷 308-320页

作者： Bidyapati Ngangom Anup Das Rattan Lal Ramk.ushna Gandhiji Idapuganti Jayanta Layek.Savita Basavaraj Subhash Babu Gulab Singh Yadav probir k.mar ghosh ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region UmiamMeghalayaIndia k.ishi Vigyan k.ndra-ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region Arunachal Pradesh CentreBasarArunachal PradeshIndia College of Post Graduate Studies Central Agricultural UniversityUmiamMeghalayaIndia ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region Tripura CentreLembucherraTripuraIndia Carbon Management and Sequestration Centre Ohio State UniversityUSA ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research NagpurMaharashtraIndia ICAR-k.ishiVigyan k.ndra IndiUniversity of Agricultural SciencesDharwadIndia ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute New DelhiIndia ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management RaipurChhattisgarhIndia

A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive years at North Eastern Indian Himalayan region to assess the effect of soil moisture conservation measures on soil and water productivity of different rainfed maize(Zea mays L.)-based cropping *** revealed that double mulching with in-situ maize stover mulch(MSM)+fresh biomass of white hoary pea(WHP-Tephrosia candida)and MSM+fresh biomass of ragweed(RW-Ambrosia artemisiifolia)improved soil moisture content(SMC)and leaf relative water content of crops during dry *** soil organic carbon(SOC)content and stock. under MSM+WHP and MSM+RW mulches were significantly higher than that under no mulch at 0-15 cm *** soil microbial biomass carbon and dehydrogenase activity were maximum under MSM+WHP/*** highest system productivity was obtained from maize-French bean(Pole type-PT)sequence under MSM+RW followed by MSM+*** water productivity was the highest under MSM+*** SOC content was the highest under maize-French bean(PT),the maximum plant available nitrogen and phosphorus were obtained under maize-black.gram ***,double mulching technology involving MSM and RW(available in plenty)is a viable option for improving soil,crop and water productivity under rainfed hill ecosystems of eastern Indian Himalayas.

关键词： Cropping systems Rainfed agriculture Residual soil moisture Soil properties Water productivity

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