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Protective role of Triphala, an Indian traditional herbal formulation, against the nephrotoxic effects of bromobenzene in Wistar albino rats

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2015年第2期13卷 115-121页

作者： Udhaya Lavinya Baskaran Sherry joseph Martin Rasool Mahaboobkhan Sabina Evan prince School of Biosciences and Technology VIT University

OBJECTIVE： The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the nephroprotective and antioxidant properties of Triphala against bromobenzene-induced nephrotoxicity in female Wistar albino rats. METHODS： Animals were divided into five groups of six rats and treated as follows： Group I was a normal control and received no treatment, Group II received only bromobenzene （10 mmol/kg）, Groups III and IV received bromobenzene and Triphala （250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively）, Group V received Triphala alone （500 mg/kg）, and Group VI received bromobenzene and silymarin （100 mg/kg） Antioxidant status and serum kidney functional markers were analyzed. RESULTS： Bromobenzene treatment resulted in significant （P 〈 0.05） decreases in the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase as well as total reduced glutathione. There was a significant （P 〈 0.05） increase in lipid peroxidation in kidney tissue homogenates. There were significant （P 〈 0.05） reductions in the levels of serum total protein and albumin as well as significant （P 〈 0.05） increases in serum creatinine, urea and uric acid. The oral administration of two different doses （250 and 500 mg/kg） of Triphala in bromobenzene-treated rats normalized the tested parameters. The histopathological examinations of kidney sections of the experimental rats support the biochemical observations. CONCLUSION： Triphala treatment alleviated the nephrotoxic effects of bromobenzene by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and reducing the levels of lipid peroxidation and kidney functional markers.

关键词： bromobenzene Triphala plant extracts antioxidants rats

Trend Analysis of Exchange Rate of the Ghana Cedi against the US Dollar Using Time Series

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Open Journal of Statistics 2023年第5期13卷 734-745页

作者： Francis Ayiah-Mensah prince Arthur-Nunoo joseph Acquah John Awuah Addor Department of Mathematics Statistics and Actuarial Science Faculty of Applied Sciences Takoradi Technical University Takoradi Ghana Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Mines and Technology Tarkwa Ghana

Exchange rate volatility or its stability is a key determinant of the state of a country’s economy. The Ghana cedi’s performance against the US dollar in recent times has been the worse in the past decade. This has resulted in high inflation, high cost of living and high cost of production in Ghana. Despite the recent economic recovery growth, the cedi continues to strife in high rate of exchange against the dollar. This study examines and models a trend, and makes predictions of future rates of the cedis against the US dollar. Methodology: The study used a 13-year data of exchange rates of Ghana cedi and the US dollar spanning from 2010 to mid-2023 from the Bank of Ghana’s economic data on exchange rates, Ghana Stock Exchange and the World Bank. The ARIMA and SARIMA models were used to model the trends and for forecasting, taking into the consideration the asymmetric and seasonal effect of the data. Results: The outputs show that, the Ghana cedi will continue to rise but steadily against the US dollar for the remaining months of 2023 except in December, and continue to decline afterwards through into 2024. Conclusion: The cedi continues to weaken in value and the strength of its purchasing power. A weaker currency depicts a “junk” economy which affects its foreign investment. As the US dollar continues to rise, the Government and policy makers must implement effective policies to stabilize its rise against the cedi. Export of commodities must increase in addition to import restrictions to balance trade deficit and to strengthen the Ghana Cedi.

关键词： Ghana Cedi US Dollar Ghana Stock Exchange Inflation Exchange Rates

Variation in Yellow Root Cassava (Manihot esculentus Crantz) Genotypes and Phenotypic Relationship for Selected Postharvest and Morphological Traits

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 993-1008页

作者： Suffian Mansaray prince Emmanuel Norman joseph Sherman-Kamara Isata Kamanda Kadiatu Nannah Serry Post-Harvest and Nutrition Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (SLARI) Tower Hill Freetown Sierra Leone Department of Agriculture Engineering School of Technology Njala University Njala Campus Bo Sierra Leone Germplasm Enhancement and Seeds System Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (SLARI) Tower Hill Freetown Sierra Leone

This study evaluated the variation in yellow root cassava (Manihot esculentus Crantz) genotypes and phenotypic relationship for selected postharvest and morphological traits. The trial was established at the Njala Agricultural Research Centre experimental site, Njala, during 2017/2018 cropping season in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Findings showed that the higher the total carotene content (TCC) in yellow flesh cassava genotypes, the longer the rate of postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD). Genotypes TR-0051-TCC/17 and TR-0012-TCC/17 recorded higher TCC (18.9 µg/g and 13.6 µg/g) and longer rate of PPD (4.29 and 3.14), respectively. Genotypes TR-0051-TCC/17, TR-0016-TCC/17, TR-0028-TCC/17, TR-0012-TCC/17 and TR-0020-TCC/17 had the highest TCC values of 18.9 µg/g, 16.09 µg/g, 14.72 µg/g, 13.6 µg/g and 11.23 µg/g with corresponding higher color chart values of 6, 6, 6, 5, and 6, respectively. This suggests the direct dependence of TCC on the root parenchyma color intensity in yellow flesh cassava genotypes. Findings also show a direct relationship between morphological and postharvest traits in yellow flesh cassava genotypes that could be exploited for the genetic improvement of cassava for increased shelf life, nutrition and related quality traits, as well as conservation and utilization of the crop.

关键词： Cassava Variability Regression Correlation Postharvest and Morphological Traits

Investigating Challenges in Financing Contractors for Public Sector Projects in Ghana

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Journal of Building Construction and Planning Research 2017年第2期5卷 58-70页

作者： prince Abrokwa Ofori Kwadwo Twumasi-Ampofo joseph Agyei Danquah Ernest Osei-Tutu Safowaa Osei-Tutu CSIR-Building and Road Research Institute Kumasi Ghana

Contractors working with the Public sector encounter numerous challenges in financing projects in Ghana. The challenges which have persisted over the years are both financial and managerial. This paper seeks to ascertain the extent to which contractors’ challenges in acquiring funds to execute public sector projects have been solved. The study involved both qualitative and quantitative methods to ascertain the various strategies the contractors go through to obtain public sector projects focusing on the challenges associated with the project execution. The study revealed that delayed payments and inadequate cash flow on the part of government, lack of credit worthiness and inadequate collateral security from contractors are key determinants to challenges associated with financing public sector projects in Ghana. This paper recommends the establishment of a Construction Development Authority (CDA), within the Ministry of Works and Housing to develop financial plans, policies and laws for this important sector of the economy.

关键词： Public Sector Project Financing Delayed Payments Performance and Contractor Classification

Oviposition Site Preference and Its Effects on Subsequent Development of Variegated Grasshopper (Zonocerus variegatus L.) under Laboratory Conditions

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Advances in Entomology 2024年第3期12卷 143-154页

作者： Saffea joseph Torto Abu James Sundufu Alusaine Edward Samura Sahr Ngoba Fomba Dennis Peter Musa Skeku Alfred Kanu prince Emmanuel Norman Department of Crop Protection School of Agriculture and Food Sciences Njala Sierra Leone Department of Horticulture School of Natural Resources Management Njala University Njala Sierra Leone Department of Crop Science School of Agriculture and Food Sciences Njala University Njala Sierra Leone Germplasm Enhancement and Seeds Systems Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute Freetown Sierra Leone

Female grasshoppers can affect the fitness of their offspring through their selection of oviposition site. Knowledge of soil type on oviposition, and its effects on subsequent development can provide guidelines for habitat manipulations that reduce the harmful effects of these pests on farmers fields. The influence of soil types on the oviposition site preference of variegated grasshopper (Zonocerus variegatus L.) reared some cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) varieties, was investigated in a cage trial carried out at the Bio factory laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Njala University, Sierra Leone during 2022/2023. The treatments comprised three soil types (Sandy, Loamy and Clay), each with three replications laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in wooden cages. Data were collected on the following development parameters including, Net reproductive growth ratio (R0), Generation time (Tc), Intrinsic rate of increase (rm), Finite rate of increase (), Doubling time (Dt), and overall survivorship. Findings revealed that, Z. variegatus L. preferred sandy soil in which, on average, most eggs were deposited (338, 6.62 4.40), followed by loamy soil, 286 (5.53 3.96), and then, clayey soil, 200 (3.91 3.85);though, the differences were not significant. This study established that Z. variegatus deposited more eggs in sandy soil > loamy soil > clayey soil, respectively;and subsequent survivorship of the immature unto mature adult insect, revealed a similar order. This indicates that the sandy soil is the most preferred substrate for oviposition and subsequent development into adult insects.

关键词： Development Oviposition Oviposition Site Preference Soil Types Variegated Grasshopper

Enhancement in the Electrical and Thermal Properties of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) Co-Polymer by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

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Open Journal of Composite Materials 2015年第3期5卷 79-91页

作者： Jose Sebastian Eby T. Thachil Jobin Job Mathen joseph Madhavan prince Thomas Jacob Philip M. S. Jayalakshmy Shahrom Mahmud Ginson P. joseph Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology Cochin University of Science and Technology Kerala India Department of Physics Loyola College Chennai India Department of Physics St. Thomas College Palai India Department of Instrumentation Cochin University of Science and Technology Kerala India School of Physics Universiti Sains Malaysia Minden Malaysia

EVA/ZnO nanocomposites of 1%, 2% and 4% ZnO were fabricated by direct probe sonicator method. The ZnO nanopowders were prepared by solvothermal method. As the particle size of the filler incorporated to the polymer matrix decreases, the properties of the polymer-filler interface show dominance over its bulk properties. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the composites at ambient temperatures are found to decrease with increasing frequency. The thermal analysis using TGA-DTA is also performed and it is found that the thermal stability of the nanocomposites increases with increasing the filler concentrations. The thermal parameters such as thermal diffusivity (α) and thermal effusivity (e), the thermal conductivity (k) and heat capacity (Cp) were studied using photopyroelectric technique. The band gap of the samples was also determined and found to decrease with increasing filler concentrations. The tensile strength and peel strength of the samples were also investigated and it is found to increase with small inclusion of filler material.

关键词： Composite Materials Polymers Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) Dielectric Properties

Grasshopper Incidence and Severity of Damage as Influenced by Cyanogenic Potential in Leaf Tissue of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

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Advances in Molecular Imaging 2024年第3期13卷 23-38页

作者： Saffea joseph Torto prince Emmanuel Norman Alusaine Edward Samura Sahr Ngoba Fomba Dennis Peter Musa Johnny Ernest Norman Skeku Alfred Kanu Department of Crop Protection School of Agriculture and Food Sciences Njala University Njala Sierra Leone Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (SLARI) Freetown Sierra Leone Department of Horticulture School of Natural Resources Management Njala University Njala Sierra Leone Department of Crop Science School of Agriculture and Food Sciences Njala University Njala Sierra Leone

This study assessed the effect of cyanogenic potential (CNP) in leaf tissue on grasshopper incidence and severity of damage in cassava for the identiﬁcation of parents with desired complementary traits for crossing. The experiment was conducted at the Foya Wulleh, Njala experimental site in Sierra Leone during 2020 and 2021 cropping seasons in a randomized complete block design with three replications. A total of 30 genotypes comprising 26 breeding lines, two improved and two local genotypes were assessed. Results showed a signiﬁcant (p < 0.05) linear relationship between leaf CNP and grasshopper infestation (incidence and severity of damage) among cassava genotypes. Findings showed that the higher leaf CNP, the lower the grasshopper infestation in cassava genotypes. About two genotypes (Cooksoon and Cocoa) had low leaf CNP;three genotypes (TR0020, TR0037 and TR0013) CNP had moderately low leaf CNP;eight genotypes (SLICASS 6, TR0029, TR0032, TR0011, TR0012, TR0016-1/17, TR0002 and TR0010) had intermediate leaf CNP;seven (TR0009, TR0015-1/17, TR0036, TR0022-1/17, SLICASS 4, TR0007 and TR0026-1/17) had moderately high leaf CNP;eight (TR0008, TR0019-1/17, TR0006, TR0005, TR0021, TR0021-1/17, TR0022 and TR0024-1/17) had high leaf CNP;and two genotypes (TR0001 and TR0018-1/17) had very high leaf CNP. This suggests the indirect dependence of leaf cyanogenic potential on grasshopper infestation (incidence and severity of damage) in cassava that could be exploited for the genetic improvement of cassava for improved resistance to grasshopper infestation, nutrition and utilization of the crop.

关键词： Cassava Cyanogenic Potential Grasshopper Infestation Regression Correlation Analysis

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of pancreas diagnosed by EUS-FNA:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第34期15卷 4343-4345页

作者： Larry Hin Lai joseph Romagnuolo David Adams Jack Yang Institute of Digestive Disease The Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales Hospital Digestive Disease Center Medical University of South Carolina Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Medical University of South Carolina

Squamous cell carcinoma of the pancreas has been sparsely described since the 1940s,and generally has a poor ***,we present a case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the pancreas with liver metastasis,both confirmed by endoscopic ultrasoundguided fine needle aspiration(EUS-FNA).To the best of our knowledge,this is the first case report in literature utilizing EUS-FNA for a cell-type specific diagnosis of primary pancreatic squamous cell carcinoma with a liver metastasis.

关键词： Computed tomography Cytology Endoscopic ultrasound

MLD-MPC Approach for Three-Tank Hybrid Benchmark Problem

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 3657-3675页

作者： Hanen Yaakoubi Hegazy Rezk Mujahed Al-Dhaifallah joseph Haggège Research Laboratory in Automatic Control(LARA) National Engineering School of Tunis(ENIT)University of Tunis El ManarTunis1002Tunisia Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering in Wadi AlddawasirPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityWadi Alddawasir11911Saudi Arabia Control and Instrumentation Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center(IRC)for Renewable Energy and Power Systems King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

The present paper aims at validating a Model Predictive Control(MPC),based on the Mixed Logical Dynamical(MLD)model,for Hybrid Dynamic Systems(HDSs)that explicitly involve continuous dynamics and discrete *** proposed benchmark system is a three-tank process,which is a typical case study of *** MLD-MPC controller is applied to the level control of the considered tank *** study is initially focused on the MLD approach that allows consideration of the interacting continuous dynamics with discrete events and includes the operating *** feature of MLD modeling is very advantageous when an MPC controller synthesis for the HDSs is *** the MLD model of the system is well-posed,then the MPC law synthesis can be developed based on the Mixed Integer Programming(MIP)optimization *** solving this MIP problem,a Branch and Bound(B&B)algorithm is proposed to determine the optimal control ***,a comparative study is carried out to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid controller for the HDSs compared to the standard MPC *** results show that the MLD-MPC approach outperforms the standardMPCone that doesn’t consider the hybrid aspect of the *** paper also shows a behavioral test of the MLDMPC controller against disturbances deemed as liquid leaks from the *** results are very satisfactory and show that the tracking error is minimal less than 0.1%in nominal conditions and less than 0.6%in the presence of *** results confirm the success of the MLD-MPC approach for the control of the HDSs.

关键词： Hybrid dynamic system model predictive control mixed logical dynamical model mixed integer programming three-tank hybrid system