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Advances in Aging Research 2015年第6期4卷 230-241页

作者： Teet Seene priit Kaasik Institute of Exercise Biology and Physiotherapy University of Tartu Tartu Estonia

Aim of the present short review is to provide a comprehensive update on age-associated skeletal muscle damage, regeneration, and effect of endurance and resistance type of exercise training on muscle regeneration. Decrease in muscle quantity and quality leads to disability in the aging population. The degradation rate of muscle proteins during aging increased about two times, and muscle strength and motor activity decreased at the same time. Aging induced sarcopenia is a result of decreased synthesis and increased degradation of muscle proteins, which leads to the slower turnover rate of these proteins, especially contractile proteins, and this, in turn, leads to the decrease in muscle strength. Muscle damage is mainly caused by excessive strain in contracting fibre and aging muscle is particularly sensitive to it. The decreased synthesis and increased degradation rate of contractile proteins are in accordance with the increase destructive processes in muscle and lead to the decrease in the regeneration capacity and development of sarcopenia in the elderly. Exercise training increases muscle mass, oxidative capacity, contracile quality, regeneration capacity and via this, physiological functioning of skeletal muscle is improved in the elderly.

关键词： Aging Muscle Damage Regeneration Exercise

Muscle damage and regeneration: Response to exercise training

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Health 2013年第6期5卷 136-145页

作者： Teet Seene priit Kaasik Institute of Exercise Biology and Physiotherapy University of Tartu Tartu Estonia Institute of Exercise Biology and Physiotherapy University of Tartu Tartu Estonia

Exercise training influences the function of skeletal muscle, modifying fibre structure, metabolism and promoting the release of growth factors and other signalling molecules. The number of satellite cells under the basal lamina of type I and type IIA muscle fibres increases during endurance training and under the basal lamina of both type II fibres during resistance training. An increase in satellite cells is related to several factors expressing different genes and type II muscle fibre hypertrophy. Insulin-like growth factor-I has a role in the hypertrophy of muscle fibres through the stimulation of the differentiation of satellite cells. The increased mitochondrial biogenesis via adenosine myophosphate-activated protein kinase is accompanied by the suppression of myofibrillar protein synthesis through pathways mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinases and the nuclear factor kappa B. Insulin-like growth factor-I expression is higher in type I fibres. Myostatin, the expression inhibitor of muscle hypertrophy, is higher in type II fibres. The proteasome-, lysosome- and Ca2+-mediated protein degradation is more intensive in fibres with higher oxidative capacity. Both, oxidative capacity and satellite cells number in muscle fibres play important roles in skeletal muscle regeneration. In this review, we explore the regeneration capacity changes in different types of skeletal muscle fibres in response to resistance, endurance and overtraining.

关键词： Skeletal Muscle Regeneration Capacity Resistance Endurance and Overtraining

Applicability of PCR-DGGE and 16S rDNA Sequencing for Microbiological Analysis of Otitis Media with Effusion

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2012年第3期1卷 71-76页

作者： priit Kasenomm Jelena Stsepetova Department of Otorhinolaryngology Tartu University HospitalTartuEstonia Institute of Microbiology University of TartuTartuEstonia

Background: The aim of the study was to analyze the performance of PCR-DGGE based assay and its applicability as a tool for the identification of bacteria in the middle ear of children with otitis media with effusion (OME). Methods: The middle ear effusions from 20 children with OME were analyzed both by bacterial culture and by 16S rDNA-gene-targeted PCR assay, DGGE fingerprinting and sequencing analysis. Results: In bacterial culture assay, only three middle ear effusions (15%) showed bacterial growth. None of the samples were positive for anaerobic culture. The PCR assay with 16S rDNA-gene-targeted universal primers was positive in 10 (50%) cases. The subsequent DGGE fingerprinting and 16S rDNA sequencing analysis revealed that the most commonly encountered bacteria in the middle ear effusions of children with OME are Haemophilus influenzae, Alloiococcus otitidis and Bacteroides spp. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated the applicability of PCR-DGGE based assay and 16S rDNA sequencing for analyzing of bacterial diversity in the middle ear effusion of children OME. The results of our study may contribute to a better understanding of the etiology of OME.

关键词： Otitis Media with Effusion 16S rDNA Targeted PCR DGGE Fingerprinting

Skeletal Muscle Adaptation to Endurance and Resistance Training

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Journal of Sports Science 2014年第3期2卷 161-172页

作者： Teet Seene priit Kaasik Institute of Exercise Biology and Physiotherapy University of Tartu Tartu 50411 Estonia

Endurance training in the aerobic zone of metabolism promotes a transition from type II to type I muscle fibers, influences the enzyme system of the Krebs cycle, electron transport chain, capillary supply, changes in key metabolic enzymes involved in fatty acid activation, and increased oxygen uptake in skeletal muscle. First of all, the transition process is related to the contractile apparatus. 5＇adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase is activated in response to endurance training and related to the metabolic adaptation of skeletal muscle. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor isoform δ is an important regulator of skeletal muscle endurance capacity. Resistance training improves muscle contractile function and increases muscle mass as a result of an anabolic and anti catabolic effect in fast-twitch fibers. Resistance training expands the amount of the contractile apparatus in order to enlarge fiber cross-sectional area. A concomitant alteration in proteins phenotype of contractile apparatus and metabolic enzyme levels occurs in accordance with activity-induced changes in the muscle＇s fiber-type profile. Recovery of skeletal muscle mechanical properties depends on the structural and metabolic peculiarities of muscle and the character of training.

关键词： Exercise training muscle fiber types structural and functional rearrangements.

Microdrill,Diode Laser,and Manual Microsurgical Stapedoplasty:A Comparative Study

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2014年第1期3卷 4-8页

作者： priit Kasenomm Maris Suurna Department of Otorhinolaryngology Tartu University HospitalTartuEstonia

Background: To evaluate hearing outcome, operation time and post-operative hospital stay after primary stapedoplasty with three different techniques: manual microsurgical, microdrill-assisted, and microdrill- and laser-assisted technique. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 150 consecutive cases of primary otosclerosis was operated by one surgeon. The patients were divided into three groups depending on the utilized surgical techniques: a fully manual microsurgical stapedoplasty (n = 56), microdrill-assisted stapedoplasty (n = 32), and microdrill- and laser-assisted stapedoplasty (n = 62). The mean pre- and post-operative air-bone gap was calculated by using pre- and post-operative mean pure tone air- and bone-conduction thresholds at 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the hearing outcome between the groups. The closure of air-bone gap and the improvement of the hearing were demonstrated in all study groups. Introduction of diode laser for stapes surgery resulted in significantly reduced operation time (about one-third) and the increase in the completion of surgery from 81.5% to 96.7%. At the same time, the rate of complications stayed low and hospital stay dropped from three days to one day. There were no major post-operative complications in any study groups. Conclusions: Application of diode laser in stapes surgery significantly reduced operation time and increased completion rate of surgery. No statistically significant difference was found between three surgical techniques regarding hearing outcome.

关键词： Otosclerosis Stapes Surgery Diode Laser Operation Time

Changes in Myofibrillar and Mitochondrial Compartments during Increased Activity: Dependance from Oxidative Capacity of Muscle

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Health 2017年第5期9卷 779-798页

作者： Teet Seene priit Kaasik Enn Seppet Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy University of Tartu Tartu Estonia Institute of General and Molecular Pathology University of Tartu Tartu Estonia

Striated muscle tissue contains fibers with high oxidative capacity (heart muscle), higher oxidative capacity (type I and IIA fibers of skeletal muscle) and low oxidative capacity (type IIB/X fibers of skeletal muscle). Muscle fibers with higher oxidative capacity contain large mitochondria tightly packed with cristae as well as small forms of mitochondria containing relatively few cristae. The intensive development of the mitochondrial apparatus in the post-activity period reflects the adaptive processes, which is intended to supply the increased energy requirements of muscle fibers with higher oxidative capacity. Muscle fibers with low oxidative capacity contain significantly less mitochondria than fibers with higher capacity. It is typical to type IIB fibers that after intensive muscle activity there are damaged myofibrils in a relatively small area, some myofibrils are twisted and lose the connection with the neighboring structures. It is still not fully known how skeletal muscles with different oxidative capacity respond to an increased functional activity and what differences exist in these fibers between oxidative capacity and function of myofibrils. The aim of the present short review was to compare structural-functional changes in mitochondrial and myofibrillar compartments of heart and skeletal muscle fibers with different oxidative capacity and the effect of increased functional activity on the interaction of these compartments.

关键词： Striated Muscle Tissue Oxidative Capacity Mitochondrial and Myofibrillar Compartment Increased Functional Activity

Adaptation of Skeletal Muscle to Prolonged Activity: Role of Myosin

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Health 2019年第2期11卷 195-200页

作者： Teet Seene Karin Alev priit Kaasik Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy University of Tartu Tartu Estonia

The aim of this short review is to describe the role of myosin isoforms during the adaptation of skeletal muscle to prolonged physical activity (for example endurance exercise) and to show the coordination between changes in muscle oxidative capacity and myofibrillar apparatus in slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscles. Adaptational changes in myosin isoforms during long lasting muscle activity (decrease of MyHC IIb isoforms relative content and increase of that MyHC IIa and decrease of MyLC 1 fast isoforms in fast-twitch muscles) are in good coordination with changes of muscle oxidative capacity. These changes show that during regular endurance exercise fast-twitch muscle fibers (type IIA) are also recruited and create the potential source of increase in endurance capacity during the process of adaptation to the prolonged physical activity.

关键词： Prolonged Muscle Activity Endurance Exercise Myosin Light Chain Myosin Heavy Chain Endurance Capacity

Spider odors induce stoichiometric changes in fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster

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Current Zoology 2021年第1期67卷 127-129页

作者： Ronalds KRAMS Tatjana KRAMA Maris MUNKEVICS Sarah EICHLER David M.BUTLER Linda DOBKEVICA priit JOERS Jorge CONTRERAS-GARDUNO Janina DAUKSTE Indrikis A.KRAMS Plant Health Estonian University of Life SciencesTartu 51006Estonia Department of Biotechnology Daugavpils UniversityDaugavpils 5401Latvia Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of TartuTartu 51010Estonia Department of Zoology and Animal Ecology Faculty of BiologyUniversity of LatviaRiga 1004Latvia Department of Biological Sciences Kent State UniversityOhioSalem 4460USA Department of Plant Sciences University of TennesseeKnoxville 37996-4561USA Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Geography and Earth SciencesUniversity of LatviaRiga 1004Latvia Department of General and Microbial Biochemistry University of TartuTartu 51010Estonia Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMorelia 58190Mexico Institute of Food Safety Animal Health and Environment BIORRiga 1076Latvia Department of Psychology University of TennesseeKnoxville 37996-4561USA

Animal senses and signals are amazingly diverse,and the major modalities by which animals acquire sensory input from their environments are sound,light,vibration,and chemical *** mainly rely on visual,nociceptive,and olfactory cues to discriminate between rewards and *** has been shown that the visual and olfactory cues of predators substantially affect the adult phenotype in Drosophila melanogaster(Krams et al.2016),a prominent animal model for biological research.

关键词： melanogaster cues Drosophila

Characteristics of myosin isoforms in mammalian skeletal muscle

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2012年第2期2卷 77-83页

作者： priit Kaasik Katlin Leisson Raivo Puhke Karin Alev Teet Seene Institute of Exercise Biology and Physiotherapy University of TartuTartuEstonia Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences Estonian University of Life SciencesTartuEstonia

The distribution of myosin heavy (MyHC) and myosin light chain (MyLC) isoform pattern in horse, rat and human skeletal muscle was investigated to establish relations between them and the role of myosin isoform patterns in mammalian muscle with different twitch characteristics was studied. These two isoforms were separated in a SDS-PAGE gel system, stained using the coomassie and silver staining procedures, and the results were analyzed using a G:BOX system. The relative content of MyHC I isoform in muscle was 2.6 times higher than in human compared to horse muscle (p < 0.001), and 6.3 times higher than in rat muscle (p < 0.001). The relative content of MyHC IIx/d isoform in horse muscle is 2.7 times, and in rat muscle 2.2 times higher in comparison with human muscle (p < 0.001). The role of the MyLC isoform distribution in mammalian skeletal muscle seems to depend on the oxidative capacity of muscles.

关键词： Myosin Isoforms Skeletal Muscle Horses Rats and Humans