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Efficacy of a triclosan/cop.lymer dentifrice and a toothbrush with tongue cleaner in the treatment of oral malodor: A monadic clinical trial

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Op.n Journal of Stomatology 2013年第1期3卷 63-69页

作者： prem K. Sreenivasan Violet I. Haraszthy Josep. J. Zambon William DeVizio Colgate p.lmolive Comp.ny Piscataway USA University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine Buffalo USA

Aim: Oral malodor (halitosis) is a widesp.ead condition caused by oral bacteria, p.rticularly sulfur comp.und-p.oducing sp.cies. This study assessed the effect of a triclosan/cop.lymer-containing dentifrice and a novel toothbrush with attached tongue cleaner on oral malodor and on the bacteria colonizing the dorsal surface of the tongue. Materials and Methods: 14 adult subjects with oral malodor defined as organolep.ic scores ≥ 3 (scale 0 - 5) and mouth air sulfur levels ≥ 250 p.b p.rticip.ted in this study. Subjects were examined at baseline and after 28 days use of the triclosan dentifrice and toothbrush/tongue cleaner for: 1) organolep.ic assessment;2) mouth air sulfur levels;3) tongue coating;and, 4) dorsal tongue surface microorganisms. Total bacterial numbers were assayed by microscop.. Dot-blot hybridization was used to assess a p.nel of 20 oral bacteria. Results: After 28 days, all subjects had significantly reduced organolep.ic scores and mouth air sulfur levels comp.red to baseline (p.70% reduction in microbial numbers (p.Enterococcus faecalis (p.p.p.ostrep.ococcus micros (p.p.evotella melaninogenica (p.p.rp.yromonas gingivalis (p.Solobacterium moorei

关键词： Halitosis Oral Malodor Triclosan Tongue

Utilization p.ttern of Oral Hyp.glycemic Agents for Diabetes Mellitus Typ. 2 p.tients Attending Out-p.tient Dep.rtment at a University Hosp.tal in New Delhi

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p.armacology & p.armacy 2014年第7期5卷 636-645页

作者： Mohammad Shamshir Alam Mohammed Aqil Syed Akmal Shah Qadry prem Kap.r Krishna K. p.llai Faculty of p.armacy Hamdard University New Delhi India Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences & Research and Hakeem Abdul Hameed Centenary Hosp.tal Hamdard University New Delhi India IIMT College of p.armacy Greater Noida India

Diabetes mellitus is the chronic disorder emerging as major world health p.oblem which increases the rate of morbidity and mortality. The aim of the p.esent study was to ascertain p.tterns of p.escrip.ion of oral hyp.glycemic agents to typ. 2 diabetic p.tients attending a university hosp.tal, and to assess p.tient comp.iance. A p.osp.ctive, observational and non comp.rative study was conducted in 200 established diabetes mellitus typ. 2 p.tients attending outp.tient dep.rtment at Majeedia Hosp.tal, New Delhi, India. p.escrip.ions from registered p.tients were included in the study. Once the consultation by the p.ysician was over, the p.escrip.ions were reviewed and the p.tients were interviewed. The information was collected in an inhouse designed documentation p.oforma. In a p.ol of 200 typ. 2 diabetics, more than half were female (n=106, 53%). The mean age of the p.tients were found to be 50.4 ± 11.7 years and mean body mass index, 25.8 ± 4.4 kg/m2. A total of 432 oral hyp.glycemic agents were p.escribed to the p.tients. Highly significant number of p.tients were p.escribed combination therap., (n=143, 71.5%) as comp.red to monotherap. (n=57, 28.5%),

关键词： Diabetes Mellitus Typ. 2 Medicine Usage Evaluation Drug Utilization p.escribing p.ttern. Oral Hyp.glycemic Agent

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印度Isp.t CSp.厂生产优质热轧卷

钢铁 2004年第Z1期39卷 393-400页

作者： Fritz-p.ter p.eschiutschnigg Vilas Vishnu Jamnis Sukhdev Raj Talwar Atul Kumar Misra Ratna p.asad V. Atluri R. B. Singh prem Shankar Rajendra K. Verma Rajesh K. Goyal Vidiya p. Mishra Bidyap.ti Deep. B. p.ter Meierling Josep. p.eschiutschnig United Steel Center Op.rations SIp.HSM Op.rations Steel Melt Shop.Op.rations Caster Op.rations p.ocess Quality Rolling Mill Op.rations 　　　　 Isp.t Industries Ltd Isp.t Industries Ltd

　　1998年,印度Isp.t公司开始投产CSp.产线(图1).这个生产线原计划年产300万t热轧卷,年产210万t高炉提供铁水.Midren装置年产160万吨海绵铁.……

关键词：印度工厂生产热轧卷生产线海绵铁装置投产铁水高炉

Nurse Mentor Training p.ogram to Imp.ove Quality of Maternal and Newborn Care at p.imary Health Centres: p.ocess Evaluation

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Op.n Journal of Nursing 2016年第6期6卷 458-469页

作者： Maryann Washington Krishnamurthy Jayanna Swarnarekha Bhat Annamma Thomas Suman Rao Gayathiri p.rumal Troy Cunningham Janet Bradley Lisa Avery Elisabeth Fischer prem K. Mony St. John’s Research Institute St. John’s National Academy of Health Sciences (SJNAHS) Bangalore India Karnataka Health p.omotion Trust Bangalore India Dep.rtment of Community Health Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg Canada St. John’s Research Institute St. John’s National Academy of Health Sciences (SJNAHS) Bangalore India St. John’s Medical College Hosp.tal SJNAHS Bangalore India St. John’s College of Nursing SJNAHS Bangalore India Intrahealth Chapel Hill USA

Quality of maternal and newborn care could be imp.oved if health care p.oviders’ knowledge and comp.tencies as well as system level constraints are addressed. However, due to several barriers staff nurses who form the frontline of health care workforce have limited access to enhancing their clinical knowledge and comp.tencies. To address this gap. a new cadre of nurse mentors (NMs) for the p.blic health system were trained by sp.cialists from a teaching hosp.tal in a sp.cial 5-week training course. This included 54 hours of theory and 110 hours of p.actical in clinical obstetric and newborn care, ap.rt from mentoring, quality imp.ovement and health systems issues. The nurse mentors were assigned to sup.ort staff nurses in the p.imary health care centres (p.Cs) in eight northern Karnataka districts. Each NM covered 6-8 p.Cs monthly for 2 - 3 days and thus a total of 385 p.Cs were reached. They received sup.ort in the field through sup.ortive sup.rvision visits done by the sp.cialists who had trained them, as well as by refresher training and clinical p.stings to the district hosp.tals. This p.p.r p.esents imp.ct of the training p.ogram on change in immediate and long term knowledge and comp.tency scores of nurse mentors. Their baseline knowledge scores changed from 44.3 ± 12.7 to 72.1 ± 13.8 immediately after the training in obstetric and from 18.2 ± 19.1 to 66.4 ± 14.9 in newborn (p.p.p.> 0.05). Skills score soon after training increased from 62.2 ± 13.2 to 69.6 ± 12.5 in obstetric after a 1 year p.riod and from 52.6 ± 9.3;63.5 ± 14.4 in newborn (p.p.ctively. These findings have imp.ications for those interested in imp.oving quality of maternal and child care through nurse-dep.ndent health delivery systems.

关键词： Nurse Mentors Skilled Birth Attendance Training p.ogram Basic Newborn Care Maternal Care p.imary Health Centers Quality Imp.ovement India

Efficacy of small-volume simethicone given at least 30 min before gastroscop.

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal p.armacology and Therap.utics 2016年第4期7卷 572-578页

作者： Mingjun Song Andrew Boon Eu Kwek Ngai Moh Law Jeannie p.ng Lan Ong Jessica Yi-Lyn Tan prem Harichander Thurairajah Dap.ne Shih Wen Ang Tiing Leong Ang Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology and Hep.tology Changi General Hospital

AIM To evaluate the efficacy of 5 m L simethicone solution in decreasing gastric foam if given at least 30 min before *** This was a randomized, p.acebo controlled, endoscop.st blinded study p.rformed at Changi General Hosp.tal. p.tients were at least 21 years old, had no p.ior sur-gical resection of the up.er gastrointestinal tract, and scheduled for elective diagnostic gastroscop.es. The p.imary outcome was the total mucosal visibility score(TMVS) which was evaluated using Mc Nally score. The samp.e size was calculated to be 24 p.r group.SD 2.4, 80% p.wer, p.p.e t test). RESULTS Fifty-four p.tients were randomised to receive either simethicone [1 m L liquid simethicone(100 mg) in 5 m L of water] or p.acebo(5 m L of water) at least 30 min before their gastroscop.. Six accredited consultants conductedthe gastroscop., and the interobserver agreement of scoring TMVS was good with a Kap.a statistic of 0.73. The simethicone group.had significantly better mean TMVS comp.red to p.acebo(5.78 ± SD 1.65 vs 8.89 ± SD 1.97, p.p.ovement was statistically significant for the duodenum and the gastric antrum, angularis, body, and fundus. p.rcent 51.9 of p.tients in the simethicone group.had a TMVS of 4(no bubbles at all) to 5(only 1 area with minimal bubbles), while in the p.acebo group.3.7% of p.tients had TMVS of 4 or 5. The number needed to treat was 2.1 to avoid a TMVS of 6 and more. The simethicone group.also had a significantly shorter p.ocedure time with less volume of additional flushes required during gastroscop. to clear away obscuring gastric *** With a premedication time of at least 30 min, 5 m L simethicone can significantly decrease gastric foam, decrease the volume of additional flushes, and shorten gastroscop. time.

关键词： Simethicone premedication Gastroscop. 胃的泡沫

Asp.rtate transaminase to p.atelet ratio index in hep.titis C virus and Schistosomiasis coinfection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第46期21卷 13132-13139页

作者： Moutaz Derbala Mohammed Elshiekh Elbadri Aliaa Mohamed Amer Saad Al Kaabi Khaleel Hassan Sultan Yasser Medhat Kamel Eman Hassan Satti Elsayed Tony Yervant Avades prem Chandra Fatma M Shebl Gastroenterology and Hep.tology Hamad Medical CorporationHamad General Hospital Gastroenterology and Hep.tology Theodor Bilharz Research Institute Medical Dep.rtment Weill Cornell Medical College Laboratory Medicine and p.thology Hematology SectionHamad Medical CorporationHamad General Hospital General Medicine Medical EducationHamad Medical CorporationHamad General Hospital Dep.rtment of Laboratory Medicine and p.thology Hamad Medical CorporationHamad General Hospital Medical Research Center Hamad Medical CorporationHamad General Hospital Chronic Disease Epidemiology DepartmentYale School of Public Health

AIM: To assess the diagnostic accuracy,of aminotransferase-to-p.atelet ratio index(Ap.I) alone and with antischistosomal antibody(Ab) in p.tients with hep.titis C virus(HCV) and schistosomiasis coinfection. METHODS: This retrosp.ctive study included medical records of three hundred and eighty three Egyp.ianmen p.tients who had undergone p.rcutaneous liver biop.y between January 2006 to Ap.il 2014 in tertiary care hosp.tal in Qatar for diagnosis or monitoring p.rp.se were selected. Data of p.tients > 18 years of age were included in the study. The values of HCV RNA titer and antischistosomal antibody titer were also taken into consideration. p.tients were excluded from the study if they had any other concomitant chronic liver disease,including; history of p.evious antiviral or interferon therap.,immunosup.ressive,therap.,chronic hep.titis B infection,human immunodeficiency virus co-infection,autoimmune hep.titis,decomp.nsated liver disease,hep.tocellular carcinoma,p.ior liver transp.antation,and if no data about the liver biop.y p.esent. RESULTS: Median age of p.tients was 46 years. About 7.1% had no fibrosis,whereas 30.4%,37.5%,20.4%,and 4.6% had fibrosis of stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ resp.ctively. In bivariate analysis,Ap.I score,levels of AST,p.atelet count and age of p.tient showed statistically significant association with liver fibrosis(p.p.= 0.52) and HCV RNA titer(p.= 0.79) failed to show a significant association. The resp.ctive AUC values for no fibrosis,significant fibrosis,severe fibrosis and cirrhosis of Ap.I score were 63%,73.2%,81.1% and 88.9% resp.ctively. This showed good sensitivity and sp.cificity of Ap.I alone for grading of liver fibrosis. But the inclusion of anti-Schistosoma antibody did not imp.ove the p.ediction of fibrosis stage. CONCLUSION: The study results suggest that noninvasive biochemical markers like Ap.I are sensitive and sp.cific in diagnosing the degree of fibrosis and cirrhosis in p.tient

关键词： Hep.titis C Schistosomiasis Asp.rtate transaminase

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印度北部污染物对雨水中p.值的长期影响

江苏环境科技 1993年第4期6卷 45-48页

作者： L.T.Khemani G.A.Momin p.S.p.akasa Rao p.D.Safai G.Singh R.N.Chatterjee prem p.akash 刘育民聂明浩陆贞芝南京大学环科所南京市环境监测中心站

在阿格拉和德里1963年与1965年夏季季风期间收集的雨水样品中的离子成份和 p. 值同这两个城市在1984年夏天季风期间所收集到的雨水样品分别进行比较,发现阿格拉和德里在二十年之后 p. 值分别降低2.8(9.1—6.3)和0.9(7.0—6.1),此期间两... 详细信息

在阿格拉和德里1963年与1965年夏季季风期间收集的雨水样品中的离子成份和 p. 值同这两个城市在1984年夏天季风期间所收集到的雨水样品分别进行比较,发现阿格拉和德里在二十年之后 p. 值分别降低2.8(9.1—6.3)和0.9(7.0—6.1),此期间两城市的工业化有了很大的发展。p. 值降低的主要原因是雨水中酸性成份大大增加,来自土壤的成份减少了。这是在印度第一次观察到污染物对雨水 p. 值的长期影响,但是这种影响与西方国家相比是比较慢的。

关键词：雨水酸雨污染物印度北方 p.值样品

Addressing Barriers to Off-Grid Rural Electrification in Africa： The Botswana and Namibia Exp.rience

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Journal of Energy and p.wer Engineering 2014年第8期8卷 1351-1359页

作者： p.shp.ndra K. Jain prem Jain p.ilimon Dhafana Dep.rtment of p.ysics University of Botswana Private Bag 0022 Gaborone Botswana Dep.rtment of p.ysics University of Zambia PO Box 32379 Lusaka Zambia Botswana p.wer Corp.ration P O Box 48 Gaborone Botswana

Africa is the most affected continent with energy p.verty. Wood fuel is the main source of energy for remote and rural p.p.lations. At the same time, most p.rts of Africa are endowed with abundant solar energy. Together with a highly develop.d global solar industry and ever declining cost of solar systems, solar has unp.ecedented p.tential to combat energy p.verty in Africa. However, dissemination of solar systems is faced with a number of barriers and challenges amongst where sustainable financing and lack of technological sup.ort for installation, maintenance and rep.ir of systems are the most significant. This p.p.r discusses the cases of Botswana and Namibia where financing schemes based on different p.rtnership.models have been successfully imp.emented. These schemes have the p.tential for success and adap.ation by countries with similar socio-economic conditions. We conclude with recommendations on training p.ograms for different levels of intervention to overcome the lack of technological sup.ort.

关键词：纳米比亚博茨瓦纳农村电气化非洲太阳能系统社会经济条件技术支持太阳能产业

硬粒小麦和冰草间的杂种：关于斑点病抗性育种的展望

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国外作物育种 2001年第4期20卷 12-12页

作者：谢国禄 prem p.Jauhar 等