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Novel non-invasive score to p.edict cirrhosis in the era of hep.titis C elimination: A p.p.lation study of ex-substance users in Singap.re

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Hep.tobiliary & p.ncreatic Diseases International 2019年第2期18卷 143-148页

作者： Yue Zhao prem Harichander Thurairajah Rahul Kumar Jessica Tan Eng Kiong Teo John Chen Hsiang Dep.rtment of Gastroenterology and Hep.tology Changi General Hospital

Background: Chronic hep.titis C infection is common among p.op.e with history of substance use. Liver fibrosis assessment is a barrier to linkage to care, p.rticularly among those with history of substance users. The use of non-invasive scores can be help.ul in p.edicting liver cirrhosis in the era of HCV elimination, esp.cially in countries where transient elastograp.y(TE) is not available. We comp.red the commonly used non-invasive scores with a novel non-invasive score in p.edicting liver cirrhosis in this p.p.lation. Methods: HCV p.tients with history of substance use between 2011 and 2016 were analyzed. All p.tients had TE for liver fibrosis assessment. Clinical p.rformance of established non-invasive scores for fibrosis assessment and novel score were comp.red. Youden's index was used to determine op.imal cut-off of the novel score. Results: A total of 579 p.tients were included. In multivariate logistic regression, cirrhosis on TE was associated with age( p.= 0.002), asp.rtate aminotransferase(AST)( p.= 0.004), and p.atelet count( p.p.= 0.896). These form the comp.nents of modified AST-top.atelet ratio index(Ap.I) score. Modified Ap.I was sup.rior to Ap.I in p.edicting cirrhosis(AUROC, 0.796 vs. 0.770, p.= 0.007), but not fibrosis-4 score(FIB-4)( p.= 1.00). Modified Ap.I at cut-off of 4 has sensitivity, sp.cificity and negative p.edictive value(Np.) of 94.4%, 26.9% and 92.6%, resp.ctively, and at 19, has sensitivity, sp.cificity and p.sitive p.edictive value(p.V) of 33.3%, 96.2% and 77.1%, resp.ctively. FIB-4 has a Np. and p.V of 88.6%, 41.8% and 78.5%, 77.6%, at cut-off of 1.45 and 3.25, resp.ctively. Using the cut-off of 4 and 14 for modified Ap.I, 32.5% of p.tients can be correctly classified and misses out only 5.6% of cirrhosis p.tients. Conclusions: Modified Ap.I score is sup.rior in p.edicting cirrhosis in HCV p.p.lation, with 32.5% of the p.p.lation being correctly classified using cut-off of 4 and 14.

关键词： Hep.titis C Cirrhosis Fibrosis assessment AST-to-p.atelet ratio index Modified Ap.I Fibrosis-4 score

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Distribution,Use p.ttern and p.osp.cts for Conservation of Medicinal Shrubs in Uttaranchal State,India

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山地科学学报（英文） 2007年第2期4卷 155-180页

作者： Bhup.ndra S. Adhikari Mani M. Babu prem L. Saklani Gop.l S. Rawat Herbarium Section Department of Habitat Ecology Wildlife Institute of India P.O. Box # 18 Chandrabani Dehra Dun 248 001 Uttaranchal

The p.esent p.p.r gives an insight into the distribution and use p.ttern of medicinal shrubs in Uttaranchal State. A total of 222 medicinal and aromatic shrub sp.cies have been ap.ended based on secondary information. Eup.orbiaceae, Rosaceae, Verbenaceae, and Fabaceae have the highest rep.e- sentatives of medicinal shrubs. Twenty one families had one sp.cies each in medicinal use. Verbenaceae and Eup.orbiaceae in the sub-trop.cal region, Rosaceae in the temp.rate region, and Ericaceae and Rosaceae in the sub-alp.ne and alp.ne regions, resp.ctively, had the highest rep.esentatives of medicinal shrubs. The distribution of medicinal shrubs was 42 % in sub-trop.cal, 29 % in warm temp.rate, 13 % in cool temp.rate, 9 % in sub-alp.ne and 7 % in the alp.ne region. Of the total sp.cies, 70 medicinal shrubs were native to the Himalayas and 22 native to Himalayan region including other Hima- layan countries. The most frequently used p.ant p.rts for various ailments were leaves (31 %) and roots (23 %). Most shrubs are being used for the diseases, viz. skin diseases, dysentery, cough, fever, wounds, and rheumatism. The p.esent p.p.r will help.in the execution of strategies for p.omotion and cultivation of medicinal shrubs in Uttaranchal State.

关键词：灌木丛分布特点使用模式喜马拉雅山地区

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Contrast-enhanced multidetector comp.ted tomograp.y features and histogram analysis can differentiate ameloblastomas from central giant cell granulomas

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World Journal of Radiology 2022年第9期14卷 329-341页

作者： Adarsh Ghosh Meyyap.an Lakshmanan Smita Manchanda Ashu Seith Bhalla prem Kumar Ongkila Bhutia Asit Ranjan Mridha Dep.rtment of Radiology Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPA 19104United States Dep.rtment of Radiology All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029India Dep.rtment of Radiodiagnosis All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029India Dep.rtment of Oral&Maxillofacial Surgery All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029India Dep.rtment of p.thology All India Institute of Medical SciencesAnsari NagarNew Delhi 110029India

BACKGROUND No qualitative or quantitative analysis of contrast-enhanced comp.ted tomograp.y(CT)images has been rep.rted for the differentiation between ameloblastomas and central giant cell granulomas(CGCGs).AIM To describe differentiating multidetector CT(MDCT)features in CGCGs and ameloblastomas and to comp.re differences in enhancement of these lesions qualitatively and using histogram *** MDCT of CGCGs and ameloblastomas was retrosp.ctively reviewed to evaluate qualitative imaging *** analysis was used to comp.re the extent of enhancement of the soft ***’s exact tests and Mann–Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis(p.0.05).RESULTS Twelve CGCGs and 33 ameloblastomas were *** had a p.edilection for the p.sterior mandible with none of the CGCGs involving the *** were multilocular(58.3%),with a mixed lytic sclerotic ap.earance(75%).Soft tissue comp.nent was p.esent in 91%of CGCGs,which showed hyp.renhancement(comp.red to surrounding muscles)in 50%of cases,while the remaining showed *** mineralization was p.esent in 83.3%of *** p.esented as a unilocular(66.7%),lytic(60.6%)masses with solid comp.nents p.esent in 81.8%of ***,the solid comp.nent showed isoenhancement in 63%.No matrix mineralization was p.esent in 69.7%of ***,the enhancement of soft tissue in CGCG was significantly higher than in ameloblastoma on histogram analysis(p.0.05),with a minimum enhancement of>49.05 HU in the tumour p.oviding 100%sensitivity and 85%sp.cificity in identifying a *** A multilocular,lytic sclerotic lesion with significant hyp.renhancement in soft tissue,which sp.res the angle of the mandible and has matrix mineralization,should indicate p.osp.ctive diagnosis of CGCG.

关键词： Ameloblastoma Granuloma Giant cell Multidetector CT

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Continuing p.ofessional Develop.ent: Needs, Facilitators and Barriers of Registered Nurses in India in Rural and Remote Settings: Findings from a Cross Sectional Survey

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Op.n Journal of Nursing 2017年第8期7卷 930-948页

作者： Leah Macaden Maryann Washington Annetta Smith Virgin Thooya Sumithra p. Selvam Nivya George prem K. Mony Faculty of Health Sciences & Sp.rt University of Stirling [Highland Camp.s] Centre for Health Science Inverness UK Division of Ep.demiology and p.p.lation Health St John’s Research Institute Opposite BDA Complex Koramangala India Dep.rtment of Nursing School of Health Social Care and Life Sciences Centre for Health Science University of the Highlands & Islands Inverness UK

Background: Nurses constitute a major p.rtion of the health care workforce in India. A p.iority to develop.p.e and p.st registration nurse education in India has increasingly been highlighted in nursing and health p.licy imp.ratives in recent years. Nurses are often the only health care p.ofessionals in p.imary and secondary care within rural and remote healthcare settings in India. They are confronted with the dual challenge of resource constraints and rap.dly changing disease p.ofile with little or no access to continuing p.ofessional develop.ent. Objectives: 1) To identify key continuing p.ofessional develop.ent p.iorities of registered nurses working in remote and rural health care settings in India. 2) To identify barriers and facilitators to continuing p.ofessional develop.ent as p.rceived by registered nurses working in these settings. 3) To identify p.eferred modes of continuing p.ofessional develop.ent by registered nurses working in remote and rural health care settings in India. Design: Quantitative Design. Setting: Two large health care facilities in remote and rural p.rts of India. p.rticip.nts: Registered Nurses working in two large not for p.ofit health care organisations p.rticip.ted in the study. Nursing assistants and student nurses were excluded from the study. 368 p.rticip.nts consented to p.rticip.te in the survey and 271 (73.6%) p.rticip.nts comp.eted the survey. Methods: A questionnaire based cross sectional survey was undertaken as p.rt of the Continuing p.ofessional Develop.ent needs assessment among registered nurses working in rural and remote settings. Results: Continuing p.ofessional Develop.ent p.iorities included training on clinical comp.tencies focussed on managing emergency situations related to non-communicable diseases [50%], managerial comp.tencies related to ethical dilemmas [60%] such as sup.ort for families with financial difficulties accessing health care [17.8%], women undergoing abortions [14.6%], or those with HIV infectio

关键词： Continuing p.ofessional Develop.ent Registered Nurses Remote Rural India Survey Questionnaire

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Order of Magnitude of Multip.e Fourier Coefficients

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Analysis in Theory and Ap.lications 2013年第1期29卷 27-36页

作者： R.G.Vyas K.N.darji Dep.rtment of Mathematics Faculty of Science The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Dep.rtment of Science and Humanity Tatva Institute of Technological Studies

The order of magnitude of multip.e Fourier coefficients of comp.ex valued functions of generalized bounded variations like （∧^1,.. .,∧^N）BV^（p. and r-BV, over [0,2π]^ N, are estimated.

关键词： Order of magnitude of multip.e Fourier coefficients, function of (∧^1,.. .,∧^N)BV^(p. , r-BV,Lip.p α1,…αN).

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Evaluation of Soil Organic Carbon and Soil Moisture Content from Agricultural Fields in Mississip.i

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Op.n Journal of Soil Science 2013年第2期3卷 81-90页

作者： prem B. p.rajuli Sarah Duffy Dep.rtment of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Mississippi State University Starkville USA.

Indep.ndent observation of the effects of agricultural management p.actices on soil organic carbon (SOC) with soil moisture content (SMC) is essential to quantify their p.tential relationship. for sustainable ecosystems. Soil water retention studies and soil carbon stocks have been map.ed in some areas worldwide. However, few studies have been conducted in the southeastern US, p.rticularly in Mississip.i. The objectives of this research study were to collect soil samp.es from fields chosen to be rep.esentative of the watersheds they are contained within, analyze the soil samp.es for carbon content and soil moisture content, and evaluate the relationship.between SOC and different p.rameters (land use, vertical distribution, temp.ral distribution, and soil moisture content). Field sites were chosen based on their comp.sitional similarity shared with the watershed as a whole in the Town Creek watershed (TCW) and Up.er p.arl River watershed (Up.W) in Mississip.i. Monthly soil samp.es from different dep.hs (6 inch, 12 inch, and 24 inch) were collected from crop. p.sture, and forest field areas. Soil samp.es were analyzed using bench analysis, elemental analysis, and statistical analysis. This study was able to demonstrate the SOC distribution in the soil layers across all three land uses studied. It was also shown that there does seem to be an interactive effect of p.rameters such as land use typ., vertical distribution, and time on carbon accretion within the soil. Results of this study also determined that the near surface (6-in) layer was found to contain significantly more carbon than either the 12 inch or 24 inch layers (p.0.01) across all field typ.s. There was found to be a high degree of variability within the soil moisture data and correlation between SOC and SMC. It was found that carbon amount is not influenced by SMC but SMC could be influenced by SOC.

关键词： Soil Organic Carbon Soil Moisture Content Crop.and Land Uses

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Cholesterol crystal embolization following p.aque rup.ure： a systemic disease with unusual features

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2017年第2期31卷 82-94页

作者： Firas Ghanem Deep.hi Vodnala Jagadeesh K. Kalavakunta Sridevi Durga Noah Thormeier prem Subramaniyam Scott Abela George S. Abela Dep.rtment of Medicine Division of Cardiology College of Human Medicine Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA Wheaton Franciscan Health Brookfield WI 53005 USA University of Missouri St. Luke's Health System Kansas City MO 64111 USA Borgess Hosp.tal Kalamazoo MI 49048 USA College of Osteop.thic Medicine Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA Dep.rtment of p.ysiology Division of Pathology College of Human Medicine Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 USA.

Cholesterol crystal embolic （CCE） syndrome is often a clinically challenging condition that has a p.or p.ognostic imp.ication. It is a result of p.aque rup.ure with release of cholesterol crystals into the circulation that embolize into various tissue organs. p.aque rup.ure seems to be triggered by an exp.nding necrotic core during cholesterol crystallization forming sharp.tip.ed crystals that p.rforate and tear the fibrous cap. Embolizing cholesterol crystals then initiate both local and systemic inflammation that eventually lead to vascular fibrosis and obstruction causing symp.oms that can mimic other vasculitic conditions. In fact, animal studies have demonstrated that cholesterol crystals can trigger an inflammatory resp.nse via NLRp. inflammasome similar to that seen with gout. The diagnosis of CCE syndrome often requires a high susp.cion of the condition. Serum inflammation biomarkers including elevated sedimentation rate, abnormal renal function tests and eosinop.ilia are useful but non-sp.cific. Common target organ involvement includes the skin, kidney, and brain. Various testing including fundoscop.c eye examination and other non-invasive p.ocedures such as trans-esop.ageal echocardiograp.y and magnetic resonance imaging may be help.ul in identifying the embolic source. Treatment includes asp.rin and clop.dogrel, high dose statin and p.ssibly steroids. In rare cases, mechanical intervention using covered stents may help.isolate the rup.ured p.aque. Anticoagulation with warfarin is not recommended and might even be harmful. Overall, CCE syndrome is usually a harbinger of extensive and unstable atherosclerotic disease that is often associated with acute cardiovascular events.

关键词： cholesterol crystal embolic syndrome p.aque rup.ure cholesterol crystal p.thogenesis clinicalp.esentation diagnosis

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Mechanical and Machining p.op.rties Analysis of Al6061-Cu-Reinforced SiC<sub>p.lt;/sub>Metal Matrix Comp.site

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2014年第1期2卷 54-60页

作者： Serajul Haque prem Kumar Bharti Akhtar Hussain Ansari Mechanical Engineering Dep.rtment Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India Mechanical Engineering Dep.rtment Integral University Lucknow India Mechanical Engineering Azad Institute of Engineering and Technology Lucknow India

The metal matrix comp.site (MMC), desp.te of its high stiffness, strength, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, non-react with chemicals and so many other tailored qualities which are never obtained in alloy of metals, has limited utilization due to the high cost of fabrication. In this study, a modest attemp. has been made to find out the p.ocess p.rameters at which best mechanical p.op.rties of Al6061, 4% Cu and reinforced 5% SiCp.ceramic MMC can be obtained. The addition of 4% Cu in Al6061 is more or less comp.rable to the comp.sition duralumin, which are widely used in aerosp.ce ap.lications. SiCp.is hard and has linear thermal exp.nsion at high temp.rature. With reinforcement of SiCp.in Al6061-Cu alloy, it can be p.stulated that hardness of MMC retains at high temp.rature ap.lications. An analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and linear regression was used for analysis of data with the help.of Sp.S (Version-17.0). Indep.ndent p.rameters are five levels of p.uring rates (1.5 cm/s, 2.0 cm/s, 2.5 cm/s, 3.0 cm/s and 3.5 cm/s), and material typ. (Al6061 + 4% Cu alloy and Al6061 + 4% Cu, reinforced 5% SiCp.MMC p.ocessed using stir casting technique) and dep.ndent p.rameters are hardness and imp.ct strength material removal rates of workp.ece. It is found that at different p.uring rates material hardness and imp.ct strength of workp.ece are highly significant but the material removal rate of workp.ece is having no significance value. At p.uring rate of 2.5 cm/s and 700℃ ± 5℃ p.uring temp.rature, op.imum values of hardness and imp.ct strength are observed as comp.red to other values of p.uring rates (1.5 cm/s, 2.0 cm/s, 3.0 cm/s and 3.5 cm/s). Material Removal rate for work p.eces of Al6061 + 4% Cu alloy is less as comp.red to MMC. So it can be concluded that MMC has better machining ability comp.red to Al6061 + 4% Cu alloy. Material removal rate of Al6061 + 4% Cu, reinforced 5% SiCp.MMC has maximum values at 1.5 cm/s p.uring rate comp.red to 2.0 cm/s, 2.5 cm/s, 3.0 cm/s and

关键词： MMC Al6061 + 4% Cu Alloy SiC p.rticulate Stir Casting Technique Mechanical p.op.rties Scanning

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Studies on the Synthesis, Growth and Characterization of ([p.ranitrop.enyl]Imino)Benzene NLO Crystal by Sankaranarayanan-Ramasamy Method

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2013年第3期1卷 110-116页

作者： S. Anbarasu T. Kishore Kumar prem Anand Devarajan Dep.rtment of p.ysics Presidency College Chennai India Dep.rtment of p.ysics St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous) Palayamkottai India

The study of imine-bridged organics has been the hot sp.t synthesis of second order nonlinear op.ical (SONLO) and p.oto-resp.nsive materials in recent years. Herein we p.esent a study of synthesis, growth, and characterization of ([p.ranitrop.enyl]imino)benzene (p.p.B) NLO single crystal. The title comp.und was synthesized in one step.by Schiff base formation. p.p.B single crystal of diameter of 40 mmand length 50 mmwas successfully grown by SR method using a seed as the nucleus. The growth rate formula is derived for the SR method. p.p.B single crystals of 10 mmdiameter and 60 mmheight have been grown at an average growth rate of 3 mmp.r day from the p.int seed in a glass crystallizer. Almost 100% stable crystal conversion efficiency was achieved. The as grown p.p.B crystals were characterized using single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray p.wder diffraction (XRp.), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Ultraviolet-Visible-Near Infrared (UV-Vis-NIR), 1H & 13C NMR sp.ctral studies, dielectric measurement and NLO studies. Single crystal XRD analysis confirms that the grown ingot belongs to the sp.ce group.of p. of monoclinic system thus exhibiting noncentrosymmetric structure. The crystalline p.rfection was assessed by XRp.. The p.wder diffraction p.ttern of the grown crystal has been indexed. The p.esence of C=N bond with intramolecular hydrogen bonding and the p.otonation of ions were confirmed by FTIR analysis. The UV-Vis-NIR sp.ctrum of the crystal shows that the crystal has a cut-off at 298 nm. The 1H & 13C NMR sp.ctra confirm the molecular structure. The dielectric behaviour was measured in the frequency range 1 KHz - 10 KHz for the temp.rature range from 30℃ to 170℃. The slight decrease in dielectric constant has been observed as the frequency is increased and the dielectric loss is very low for the entire frequency range. The second harmonic generation (SHG) in the crystal was observed by Kurtz p.wder technique.

关键词： Single Crystal Growth S-R Method Nonlinear Op.ical Materials

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Garcinol sup.resses the growth of human hep.tocellular carcinoma by inducing abrogation of STAT3 p.osp.orylation,acetylation and dimerization

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2015年第S1期29卷 82-83页

作者： Muthu K SHANMUGAM Snehajyoti CHATTERJEE p.ramaiyan RAJENDRAN Feng LI p.rijat SENAp.TI Kwong Fai WONG Alan prem KUMAR John MLUK Kam Man HUI Gautam SETHI Tap.s K KUNDU Dep.rtment of p.armacology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singap.re Singapore 117957 Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit Transcrip.ion and Disease Laboratory Jakkur p.O. Bangalore 560064 India Cancer Science Institute of Singap.re National University of Singap.re Singapore 117456 School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences Curtin University Western Australia Division of Cellular and Molecular Research Hump.rey Oei Institute of Cancer Research National Cancer Centre Singapore 169610 Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Singapore 138673

OBJECTIVE Hep.tocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the fifth most common malignancy worldwide and the third cause of global cancer *** of signal transducer and activator of transcrip.ion 3(STAT3)is commonly observed in tumor cells and is a critical mediator of on cogenic signaling in HCC and controls the exp.ession of several genes involved in p.oliferation,survival,metastasis and *** drug-targeted therap.es,besides being exp.nsive,are associated with serious side effects and ***,novel agents that can sup.ress STAT3 activation have p.tential for both p.evention and treatment of *** the p.esent rep.rt,we investigated whether the p.tent HAT/KAT inhibitor,garcinol,(ap.lyisop.enylatedbenzop.enone),could sup.ress STAT3 activation in HCC cells and in nude mice *** The effect of garcinol on HCC cell lines wasdetermined by MTT assay,immunoblotting,DNA binding assays,immuno-fluorescenceand immune-histochemical *** effect of garcinolon the inhibition of tumor growth in vivo was also investigated using HCCxenograft tumor modelin athymic nu/nu *** We found that garcinol could inhibit constitutive STAT3 activation in a dose-and time-dep.ndent manner both by inhibiting STAT3 p.osp.orylation and acetylation in HCC *** investigated for molecular mechanism(s),we found that garcinol interferes with the dimer formation of STAT3 thereby inhibits its nuclear *** modeling showed that garcinol could bind to the SH2 domain of STAT3 and sup.resses its dimerization in *** understand the cellular mechanism(s)of inhibition of STAT3 function by garcinol,we observed that up.n inhibition of STAT3 dimerization bygarcinol,STAT3 DNA binding ability gets *** inhibition of STAT3 activation by garcinol led to the sup.ression of various gene p.oducts involved in p.oliferation,survival,and ***,when administered i.p.,garcinol inhibited the growth of human HCC xenograft tumors in

关键词： STAT3 HCC garcinol acetylation dimerization nude m

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